锰酸锂表面掺杂TiO2的工艺及性能测试

尖晶石锰酸锂电池容量衰减是限制其大规模应用的瓶颈问题,抑制锰溶解是减少其容量衰减的重要措施之一.本文以MnCO_3和Li_2CO_3为原料,采用球磨结合高温固化的方法制备了尖晶石LiMn_2O_4原材料,采用溶胶-凝胶法实现对尖晶石锰酸锂进行表面包覆二氧化钛.将包覆后材料经过高温长时间煅烧,使得金属钛离子能扩散到锰酸锂颗粒材料表层中,形成LiTi_xMn_(2-x)O_4尖晶石结构薄层.通过对锰酸锂在高温电解液中的溶解对比性试验,给出掺杂薄层作用的直接证据,并对全电池高温环境下电化学循环性能进行了对比测试.结果表明,锰酸锂颗粒表面涂覆TiO_2后,经过750℃煅烧6 h,实现了在尖晶石LiMn_2O_4表面形成了LiMn_(2-x)Ti_xO_4掺杂薄层,其形态、结构均与LiMn_2O_4类似.表面掺杂TiO_2工艺能够显著抑制LiMn_2O_4高温环境下的锰离子溶解,提高锰酸锂电池的使用寿命和高温性能.     

Molecular Identification of Dendrobium Species (Orchidaceae) Based on the DNA Barcode ITS2 Region and Its Application for Phylogenetic Study

The over-collection and habitat destruction of natural Dendrobium populations for their commercial medicinal value has led to these plants being under severe threat of extinction. In addition, many Dendrobium plants are similarly shaped and easily confused during the absence of flowering stages. In the present study, we examined the application of the ITS2 region in barcoding and phylogenetic analyses of Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae). For barcoding, ITS2 regions of 43 samples in Dendrobium were amplified. In combination with sequences from GenBank, the sequences were aligned using Clustal W and genetic distances were computed using MEGA V5.1. The success rate of PCR amplification and sequencing was 100%. There was a significant divergence between the inter- and intra-specific genetic distances of ITS2 regions, while the presence of a barcoding gap was obvious. Based on the BLAST1, nearest distance and TaxonGAP methods, our results showed that the ITS2 regions could successfully identify the species of most Dendrobium samples examined; Second, we used ITS2 as a DNA marker to infer phylogenetic relationships of 64 Dendrobium species. The results showed that cluster analysis using the ITS2 region mainly supported the relationship between the species of Dendrobium established by traditional morphological methods and many previous molecular analyses. To sum up, the ITS2 region can not only be used as an efficient barcode to identify Dendrobium species, but also has the potential to contribute to the phylogenetic analysis of the genus Dendrobium.     

电沉积镧镍合金薄膜的电化学贮氢性能研究

利用在水溶液中电沉积的方法制备了LaNi5贮氢合金薄膜。采用XRD方法研究了贮氢合金薄膜在充放电前后相结构的变化，运用扫描电镜观察了合金薄膜的表面形态，通过电化学测试（循环伏安、恒电流充放电）研究其电化学贮氢性能。结果表明，该合金薄膜具有较好的电化学贮氢性能，电化学活性较高，无需活化过程，最高电化学容量可达156mAh／g。     

Dielectrophoretic manipulation and real-time electrical detection of single-nanowire bridges in aqueous saline solutions

Dielectrophoretic manipulation of nanoscale materials is typically performed in nonionic, highly insulating solvents. However, biomolecular recognition processes, such as DNA hybridization and protein binding, typically operate in highly conducting, aqueous saline solutions. Here, we report investigations of the manipulation and real-time detection of individual nanowires bridging microelectrode gaps in saline solutions. Measurements of the electrode impedance versus frequency show a crossover in behavior at a critical frequency that is dependent on the ionic strength. We demonstrate that by operating above this critical frequency, it is possible to use dielectrophoresis to manipulate nanowires across electrode gaps in saline solutions. By using electrical ground planes and nulling schemes to reduce the background currents, we further demonstrate the ability to electrically detect bridging and unbridging events of individual nanowires in saline solutions. The ability to both manipulate and detect bridging events with electrical signals provides a pathway toward automated assembly of nanoscale devices that incorporate biomolecular recognition elements.     

煤矿通风机在安装使用管理中的问题

针对当前煤矿通风机安装使用管理的实际状况,依据《煤矿安全规程》、《煤矿井工开采通风技术条件》等规程、标准,简要总结分析其存在的问题,提出改进的对策措施和建议。     

新型倾斜板技术制备半固态铝合金坯料和浆料

采用自行设计的波浪型倾斜板,在斜板冷却条件下制备了组织和触变性能优良的半固态合金坯料。而在斜板加热条件下制备出了组织优良的半固态合金浆料。在采用波浪型的倾斜板制备半固态合金过程中,在熔体爆发形核与枝晶破碎的共同作用下,形成了细小球形的半固态合金组织,浇注温度、冷却强度、斜板倾角和斜板表面材质是影响半固态合金组织的主要因素。得出了本试验条件下制备AlMg3合金半固态坯料的浇注温度范围为660~690℃;制备AlSi6Mg2合金半固态坯料的浇注温度范围为660~680℃;制备AlSi6Mg2半固态合金浆料的合理工艺条件为:斜板预热温度为300℃时,合金浇注温度为680℃。     

新型CuO/ZnO催化剂的制备及其在水煤气变换反应中的应用

首次采用沉积沉淀法,以Cu（OH）₂为前驱体制备不同CuO负载质量分数的CuO/ZnO水煤气变换（WGS）催化剂,并运用XRD、N₂物理吸附和TPR等方法对催化剂进行结构表征。结果表明,活性组分CuO在载体ZnO表面的分散程度、颗粒大小及CuO和ZnO之间相互作用对催化剂的活性均有影响。CuO的适宜负载质量分数为20％,所得CuO/ZnO催化剂样品WGS反应活性较好,在350 ℃,CO转化率可达95.5％。     

TP347H钢600及650℃长时持久性能评估

本文利用日本国立材料研究所（NIMS）提供的不同批次、相同规格TP347H钢管持久断裂数据,对其在600 ℃及650 ℃长时持久性能进行分析,研究TP347H钢管持久断裂数据分散性及LM法常数项数值对评估可靠性的影响,其中,温度测试范围为600~750 ℃,最长断裂时间超过21万h。结果表明:与其他奥氏体耐热钢相比,TP347H钢持久试验数据点分布存在明显的分散性,同一测试条件对应的持久寿命可相差一个数量级及以上,相邻温区持久数据点部分重叠,因此对TP347H钢持久性能评估时需分批次进行;在使用LM法进行长时持久性能外推时,与通过数据拟合优化得到的C值相比,根据定义获得的C值在很大程度上可以降低对长时持久性能的过高估计。     

基于AIE特性的萘酰亚胺衍生物的合成及光谱研究

以分子内电荷转移为原理,选用萘酰亚胺为荧光团,与三苯胺通过偶联反应,制备了一种萘酰亚胺衍生物有机光功能小分子材料,其合成路线简单,实验操作条件易控,成品产率较高。对其光学性能进行研究,在不同溶剂中的光学性能主要表现出两个强吸收带,荧光发射达到到近红外区域,其表现出了非常明显的聚集诱导发光（AIE）特性,固体表现出很强的橘橙色荧光现象。