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81.
Gabsoo Do Tetsuya Araki Yeonghwan Bae Ko Ishikura Yasuyuki Sagara 《Drying Technology》2015,33(13):1614-1620
A novel technique was developed to recognize ice crystals in biological materials and to analyze their three-dimensional morphology using a Cryogenic Micro-Slicer Spectral Imaging System with a micro-slicer unit and a near-infrared spectral imaging unit. Consecutive cross-sections of a frozen sample were exposed by the multi-slicing operations with a minimum thickness of 1 µm, and their images were taken by the imaging unit. Spectroscopic analysis using a near-infrared spectrum meter showed an absorption peak at 1460 nm for pure water. Based on the observations of the absorption band of ice crystals in the wavelength range of 1450–1570 nm and its peak at 1495 nm, a commodity-type bandpass filter with a central wavelength of 1500 nm was adopted to identify ice crystals in near-infrared images. The absorption peak of water exhibited a tendency to move toward longer wavelengths with decreasing sample temperature from 25 °C to ?15 °C. The filtered images of ice crystals in frozen samples were darker than the other components at the peak wavelength of ice crystals. The three-dimensional reconstructed morphology of ice crystals revealed that they were formed along the direction of heat transfer while freezing. The proposed method provides a novel tool to investigate the effects of freezing conditions on the size, morphology and distribution of ice crystals. 相似文献
82.
Liposome‐Based in Vitro Evolution of Aminoacyl‐tRNA Synthetase for Enhanced Pyrrolysine Derivative Incorporation
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Dr. Atsuko Uyeda Dr. Takayoshi Watanabe Dr. Yasuhiko Kato Prof. Hajime Watanabe Prof. Tetsuya Yomo Prof. Takahiro Hohsaka Dr. Tomoaki Matsuura 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2015,16(12):1797-1802
Methanosarcina species pyrrolysyl‐tRNA synthetase (PylRS) attaches Pyl to its cognate amber suppressor tRNA. The introduction of two mutations (Y384F and Y306A) into PylRS was previously shown to generate a mutant, designated LysZ‐RS, that was able to attach N‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐L ‐lysine (LysZ) to its cognate tRNA. Despite the potential of LysZ derivatives, further LysZ‐RS engineering has not been performed; consequently, we aimed to generate LysZ‐RS mutants with improved LysZ incorporation activity through in vitro directed evolution. Using a liposome‐based in vitro compartmentalization (IVC) approach, we screened a randomly mutagenized gene library of LysZ‐RS and obtained a mutant that showed increased LysZ incorporation activity both in vitro and in vivo. The ease and high flexibility of liposome‐based IVC should enable the evolution of not only LysZ‐RS that can attach various LysZ derivatives but also of other enzymes involved in protein translation. 相似文献
83.
Hamidreza Esmaielpour Vincent R. Whiteside Jinfeng Tang Sangeetha Vijeyaragunathan Tetsuya D. Mishima Shayne Cairns Michael B. Santos Bin Wang Ian R. Sellers 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2016,24(5):591-599
InAs/AlAsxSb1 − x quantum wells are investigated for their potential as hot carrier solar cells. Continuous wave power and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence indicate a transition in the dominant hot carrier relaxation process from conventional phonon‐mediated carrier relaxation below 90 K to a regime where inhibited radiative recombination dominates the hot carrier relaxation at elevated temperatures. At temperatures below 90 K, photoluminescence measurements are consistent with type‐I quantum wells that exhibit hole localization associated with alloy/interface fluctuations. At elevated temperatures, hole delocalization reveals the true type‐II band alignment, where it is observed that inhibited radiative recombination due to the spatial separation of the charge carriers dominates hot carrier relaxation. This decoupling of phonon‐mediated relaxation results in robust hot carriers at higher temperatures, even at lower excitation powers. These results indicate type‐II quantum wells offer potential as practical hot carrier systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
84.
A new synthesis route for elastic polyurethane‐imides (EPUIs) has been established by a method involving the use of urea. Various EPUIs were synthesized from polyurethane‐urea, which was prepared from 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyoxytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) and 4,4′‐diphenylmethanediamine (MDA), and pyromellitic dianhydride in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP). Flexible films were cast from these solutions that had different inherent viscosities. Imidization of the EPUI films was completed at 200°C for 4 h in vacuo. The EPUIs were determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
85.
Daisuke Kosemura Maki Hattori Tetsuya Yoshida Toshikazu Mizukoshi Atsushi Ogura 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2010,39(6):694-699
Defects and stress gradually accumulate throughout various Si large-scale integration fabrication processes. It is essential
to monitor defects and stress carefully to suppress their unintentional introduction. In this study, we measured the stress
and crystal quality in shallow trench isolation (STI) samples by ultraviolet (UV)-Raman spectroscopy with an extremely high-resolution
wavenumber to evaluate the effect of post-annealing on the recovery of Si crystals. The variations of crystal quality in 200-mm
wafers with STI structures gradually decreased after post-annealing for 4 h, 6 h, and 8 h; however, there was no substantial
difference in the values of full-width at half-maximum of the Raman spectra. Precise measurements of variations of stress
and crystal quality were successfully performed by UV-Raman spectroscopy with a high-resolution wavenumber, which enabled
us to evaluate the STI process accurately. 相似文献
86.
87.
Tetsuya Shishido Tomoyuki Kitano Kentaro Teramura Tsunehiro Tanaka 《Topics in Catalysis》2010,53(7-10):672-677
Nb2O5/Al2O3 catalysts calcined at high temperatures exhibited the Brønsted acid property. A monolayer of niobic acid-like compound, which has distorted octahedral symmetry, was stabilized over 16 wt% Nb2O5/Al2O3 catalyst calcined at 1,173 K. The two-dimensional Nb–O–Nb network of stabilized niobic acid-like compound probably accounts for the generation of Brønsted acid. 相似文献
88.
Yoshida N Akazawa S Karino T Ishida H Hata Y Katsuragi T Tani Y Takagi H 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2007,104(5):424-427
We found 11 genes (FAO1-11) encoding putative oxidoreductases in the Aspergillus oryzae genome, which are similar to fungal fructosyl-amino acid oxidases. The cDNAs corresponding to the genes were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. rFao2 had fructosyl-amino acid oxidase activity, whereas rFao1 did not show any enzyme activity, even though the deduced amino acid sequence of Fao1 is identical to that of one of the fructosyl-amino acid oxidase isozymes from Aspergillus oryzae. rFao7 and rFao8 showed oxidase activity toward sarcosine, L-pipecolate, and L-proline. rFao10 was active toward only sarcosine, of the substrates tested. The functions of the other proteins were also predicted from a phylogenetic analysis. 相似文献
89.
Effects of sea surface temperature accuracy on offshore wind resource assessment using a mesoscale model
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Susumu Shimada Teruo Ohsawa Tetsuya Kogaki Gerald Steinfeld Detlev Heinemann 《风能》2015,18(10):1839-1854
Offshore wind simulations were performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model driven by three different sea surface temperature (SST) datasets for Japanese coastal waters to investigate the effect of the SST accuracies on offshore wind simulations. First, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final analysis (FNL) (1° × 1° grid resolution) and the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) (0.05° × 0.05° grid resolution) datasets were compared with in situ measurements. The results show a decrease in accuracy of these datasets toward the coast from the open ocean. Aiming at an improved accuracy of SST data, we developed a new high‐resolution SST dataset (0.02° × 0.02° grid resolution). The new dataset referred to as MOSST is based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product, provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). MOSST was confirmed to be more accurate than FNL and OSTIA for the coastal waters. Then, WRF simulations were carried out for 1 year with a 2 km grid resolution and by using the FNL, OSTIA and MOSST datasets. The use of the OSTIA dataset for a WRF simulation was found to improve the accuracy when compared with the FNL dataset, and further improvement was obtained when the MOSST dataset was applied. The sensitivity of wind speed and wind energy density to SST is also discussed. We conclude that the use of an accurate SST is a key factor not only for realistic offshore wind simulations near the surface but also for accurate wind resource assessments at the hub height of wind turbines. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
90.
Shinichi Itoh Kenji UenoRyuji Ohkubo Hidenori SagehashiYoshisato Funahashi Tetsuya Yokoo 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2011,654(1):527-531
We investigated the irradiation properties of the components of a T0 chopper. The organic materials in the rotor bearing grease, the magnetic fluids in seals, and the rubber in the timing belt, as well as the semiconductor materials in the rotation sensor and motor encoder, were all irradiated with high-energy γ-rays up to 100 kGy. No significant damage that shortens the lifetime of a T0 chopper was observed for the mechanical components. However, the semiconductor components were damaged by the irradiation. For the rotation sensor system detecting the rotor phase, the signal from a marker on the rotor shaft was transmitted outside the shielding by an optical fiber with radiation-proofing and the electrical circuits were removed from the beamline shielding. The lifetime of the motor encoder possibly meets the requirement for the maintenance period of the T0 chopper. 相似文献