电动汽车充电基础设施规划中若干关键问题的研究与建议

由于在缓解能源危机与环境污染等问题方面的重要作用,电动汽车在世界上许多国家得到大力发展。与其紧密关联的充电基础设施的规划建设是影响电动汽车推广成效及发展规模的重要因素。本文首先分析了充电设施建设过程中世界各国存在的共同问题,以及我国的特殊问题;之后,对电动汽车发展规模预测、充电模式选择与充电设施配置、电网与充电设施的相互作用与影响等几个充电设施规划时需优先解决的关键问题进行了分析研究;最后,结合我国具体情况,针对充电基础设施的建设和规划布局中的核心问题提出若干指导性原则与建议。     

计及电动汽车时空可调度特性的配电系统可靠性评估

随着物联网技术与新一代移动通信技术的快速发展,电动汽车与配电系统间的交互由单一时间维度扩展为时间-空间多维度协同,显著影响新型配电系统的供电可靠性。基于这一背景,分析了大规模电动汽车集群化管理策略,揭示了配电系统中电动汽车时空可调度特性的数学表征方法,提出了计及电动汽车时空可调度特性的配电系统可靠性评估方法。为验证所提出方法的有效性,基于改进后的IEEE-RBTS BUS6的主馈线F4系统,对计及时空可调度特性电动汽车接入前、接入后及电动汽车不同放电能力下的配电系统可靠性进行了相应的计算分析,揭示了新形势下电动汽车接入对配电网供电可靠性的影响规律,可为电动汽车接入下配电系统的可靠性提升提供有效的理论支撑。     

优质电力园区供电电源和定制电力装置协调性分析

优质电力园区(PPP)是定制电力技术应用的重要方面。本文主要从应用案例和研究现状两方面来对供电电源和电能质量装置协调性进行分析。首先分析了两种典型PPP应用案例中的协调问题;然后分析了实现不同电能质量等级供电和提高整体供电可靠性这两种不同研究方向PPP的协调问题,重点分析了前者,并给出了协调流程图。最后针对今后建设和研究方向的PPP,指出了如何实现供电电源和PQDs协调。     

优质电力园区应用案例与拓扑结构研究综述

优质电力园区(Premium Power Park,PPP)作为定制电力技术应用的一个重要方面,无论在传统的工业领域,还是在现代的金融、IT行业都得到了应用。文中首先分析了国内外两个典型的PPP——特拉华PPP和仙台市多级电能质量供电系统示范基地的运行情况,并简要地介绍了国内外其它PPP的应用情况;然后从供电方式、所供应负荷类型以及采用定制电力装置的补偿能力等方面对PPP拓扑结构的发展状况进行了分析;最后对PPP今后的研究和发展方向作了总体分析,为今后PPP的规划和建设提供可选方案。     

单片机串行口的并行通信技术

串行通信是单片机与PC机进行通信的主要通信方式,但其适应性较差、传输速度低.单片机的串行口是最常用的端口,对于存在两个或多个串行口的单片机来说,充分利用串行口进行通信是非常重要的.故以常见的8051系列单片机为基础,介绍了通过串行口实现与PC机的并行通信原理,使其传输速度、适应性、可靠性均有所提高.     

Proactive multipath routing with a predictive mechanism in software‐defined networks

With the growth of network traffic volume, link congestion cannot be avoided efficiently with conventional routing protocols. By utilizing the single shortest‐path routing algorithm from link state advertisement information, standard routing protocols lack of global awareness and are difficult to be modified in a traditional network environment. Recently, software‐defined network (SDN) provided innovative architecture for researchers to program their own network protocols. With SDN, we can divert heavy traffic to multiple paths in order to resolve link congestion. Furthermore, certain network traffics come in periodic fashion such as peak hours at working days so that we can leverage forecasting for resource management to improve its performance. In this paper, we propose a proactive multipath routing with a predictive mechanism (PMRP) to achieve high‐performance congestion resolution. PMRP has two main concepts: (a) a proactive mechanism where PMRP deploys M/M/1 queue and traffic statistics to simulate weighted delay for possible combinations of multipaths placement of all subnet pairs, and leverage genetic algorithm for accelerating selection of optimized solution, and (b) a predictive mechanism whereby PMRP uses exponential smoothing for demand traffic volumes and variance predictions. Experimental results show a 49% reduction in average delay as compared with single shortest routing, and a 16% reduction in average delay compared with utilization & topology‐aware multipath routing (UTAMP). With the predictive mechanism, PMRP can decrease an additional 20% average delay. Furthermore, PMRP reduces 93% of flow table usage on average as compared with UTAMP.     

湘潭海泡石矿物学特征及提纯产物加工实验研究

湘潭海泡石矿属低品位沉积型非金属矿,具有较好的开发利用价值。为实现该海泡石矿资源的高效开发利用,采用化学多元素分析、粒度分析、光学显微镜分析、扫描电子显微镜分析等方法,进行了详细的矿物特性研究,并探究了海泡石选矿与应用建议。结果表明,随着粒度的降低,海泡石含量增加。方解石和石英呈颗粒状,海泡石呈束状集合体分布,且与其他矿物结合紧密。针对矿石性质,在确定了“筛分-化学分散-高速分散-分离”的原则工艺流程之后,进行了干燥和磨矿条件实验,进而获得了完整的沉积型海泡石提纯工艺流程。研究成果可为该海泡石矿石的开发利用提供技术支撑。     

松辽盆地古龙页岩有机层序地层划分及影响因素

松辽盆地青山口组深湖—半深湖相细粒沉积是古龙页岩的有利发育层,但存在岩性识别难、层序对比难等技术问题.为了准确识别湖相区细粒沉积层序界面,建立松辽盆地青山口组层序地层格架,利用地化参数指标总有机碳、游离烃含量分布曲线,结合岩心特征、古盐度、古水深及生物化石等多参数指标的综合分析,建立了青山口组有机层序地层格架.研究表明...     

In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of deformation behavior of a Nb/NiTi composite for biomedical applications

The deformation behavior involved in Nb/NiTi composite for biomedical applications within a large macroscopic strain range was investigated by tensile loading-unloading test and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction(SXRD).Experimental results show that during loading,the Nb/NiTi composite experiences the elastic elongation of B2-NiTi austenitic,B19'-NiTi martensitic and β-Nb phases,B2→ B19' stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation and tensile plastic deformation of β-Nb phase.During unloading,the deformation behavior involved in Nb/NiTi composite includes the elastic recovery of B2-NiTi austenitic,B19'-NiTi martensitic and β-Nb phases,reverse phase transformation B19'→B2 and compressive deformation of p-Nb phase.The martensitic transformation in this composite is almost reversible and occurs in a localized manner.These results might contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the deformation mechanism involved in Nb/NiTi composite and shed some light on design and development of novel composites with a combination of good biocompatibility and excellent superelasticity for biomedical applications.     

合成煤焦油在煤粉锅炉点火中的应用试验研究

为了降低发电成本,解决石油深加工后造成的火力发电厂燃煤锅炉点火用渣油不存在的问题,经过试验研究,成功地实现了风扇磨煤机直吹式制粉系统锅炉启动点火用合成煤焦油代替渣油,并且达到了锅炉小油点火启动,每台锅炉一次冷态启动减少耗油量20 t;并对原来的油系统和油喷嘴进行了改造,实现了无蒸汽加热、小油枪雾化的点火方式,总结出相应的启动运行方案.通过热态试验测得,锅炉启动时参数变化平稳,锅炉升温、升压速度及壁温控制正常.