A new eicosapentaenoic acid formed from arachidonic acid in the coralline red algaeBossiella orbigniana

Aqueous extracts of the coralline red algaeBossiella orbigniana have been shown to catalyze the enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid to a previously unreported ω6 eicosapentaenoic acid product. This unique fatty acid contains a conjugated tetraene with absorption maxima at 293, 306, and 321 nm, and was identified by spectral methods as 5(Z),8(Z),10(E),12(E),14(Z)-eicosapentaenoic acid. The compound was given the trivial name bosseopentaenoic acid. Under experimental conditions, production of bosseopentaenoic acid was linear up to 2 hr and dioxygen was consumed. Bosseopentaenoic acid, along with several other conjugated tetraenes, was also present in the algae endogenously as revealed by a comparison of the ultraviolet (UV) spectra and the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) pattern of the purified product and the organic extract ofBossiella.     

MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FILLED EVA: THE EFFECTS OF FILLER SURFACE MODIFICATION ON THE STRENGTH OF FILLER/MATRIX ADHESION AND THE CONSEQUENCES FOR COMPOSITE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES

The interaction of ammonium stearate (AS) and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) treatments with a magnesium hydroxide flame retardant filler and their effects on its use in an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer compound have been investigated. The work has shown clear evidence of changes in the structure of the surface layers formed on the filler as the amount of additive is increased and the levels at which these occur can be correlated with theoretical monolayer quantities. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy data suggest that the stearate coating changes from a half salt to a full salt as the coating level is increased and that the APS coating on the filler initially has a significant bicarbonate content, presumably due to reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide. The effect of coating level on the melt flow rate, insoluble matrix content, crystallisation behaviour, tensile properties, limiting oxygen index, and ageing of the filled compound has been studied. Distinct trends have been observed, many of which can be correlated with the structure of the filler surface layers. Of particular importance is the observation that, unlike APS, excess stearate appears to promote detrimental ageing effects.     

Establishing Effective Information Center User Groups

Short staffing and insufficient technical and business knowledge among staff members can hinder information centers from meeting the needs of end users. Establishing groups of selected users with special skills improves end-user computing by opening communication channels, influencing training objectives, and fostering better user morale. This article explains the types of user groups that an information center can establish and the benefits to be derived from them.     

The effect of high temperature plastic flow on the superconducting transition in A15 compounds

Low temperature heat capacity measurements have been made on hot isostatically pressed Nb₃Sn and arc cast, homogenized, and A15 transformation annealed V-23.3 at. pct Ga and V-18.1 at. pct Ga. The heat capacity measurements display the superconducting transition temperature (T _c), and have been used to evaluate the effects of plastic deformation on theT _c range. Plastic deformation to the extent of 15 pct compression at 1525 and 1650 °C does not alter the superconducting transition in polycrystalline Nb₃Sn. Plastic deformation to the extent of 15 pct compression at 1050 and 1200 °C does not alter the superconducting transition in polycrystalline V-23.3Ga, transformed to A15 structure with a fifty-hour 1150 °C anneal. The same statement can be made for A15 V-18.1Ga, deformed at 1050 °C after a fifty-hour, 1150 °C anneal. With onlyfive hours annealing at 1150 °C, A15 V-23.2Ga displays a lowering and broadening of theT _c range upon 1050 and 1200 °C plastic deformation. With onlyfive hours annealing at 1150 °C, A15 V-18.1Ga displays a broad, but increasedT _c range after plastic deformation at 1050 °C.     

Effects of Particle Size of Bulk Drug and food on the Bioavailability of U-78875 in Dogs

The effects of particle size and food on the absolute bioavailability of U-78875 in dogs after oral administration of either a suspension or tablet dosage form were investigated. A reduction of particle size caused a significant increase in bioavailability along with an increase in dissolution rate. Additionally, both suspension and tablet dosage forms administered after food caused an increase in bioavailability. Thus, to accelerate drug dissolution, a reduction of U-78875 particle size from the unmilled state is important for the optimization of formulation compositions. To increase the bioavailability of U-78875, postprandial dosing should be considered.