Subtle variations in the structure of crosslinked epoxy networks and the impact upon mechanical and thermal properties

Presented here is an investigation of the structure–property relationships of crosslinked networks using three bi-functional glycidyl ether aromatic epoxy resins, two bi-aryl and one tri-aryl, cured with bi- and tri-aryl amines. Subtle changes to the monomer chemistry including changing aromatic substitution patterns from meta to para, methylene to isopropyl and isopropyl to ether were explored. Changing an epoxy resin backbone from methylene to isopropyl enhances backbone rigidity thus increasing glass transition temperature (T_g), yield strength, and strain despite reducing modulus. Changing meta-substitution to para increases T_g and yield strain while leaving strength unaffected and reducing modulus. Changing isopropyl linkages to ether reduces modulus, strength, T_g, and yield strain reflecting increased molecular flexibility. Using three instead of two aromatic rings increases the molecular weight between crosslinks thereby decreasing T_g and yield strain while increasing modulus and strength. Despite the complexities of multiple systems for varying epoxy resins and amine hardeners, the effect upon network properties is explained in terms of short- and long-range molecular and segmental mobility, crosslink density, and equilibrium packing density. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48874.     

0癌症进展Oncology Progress5R-5E0546E

ieved in the study of gynecological cancers,early diagnosis,early treatment and valid recognition of precancerous stage are still the priority of therapy.The standardization of treatment on gynecological cancers remains to be generalized and the surgeries are prone to be humanize and individuate.The technique of clinical treatment should be based on evidence-based medicine and cooperation of multi-ceneri和L.hilgardii无法加以区分,但是仍有助于将未知杆菌归入这一群。     

天冬多糖的结构、免疫调节活性及体外抗氧化活性

目的:探究天冬多糖的结构特征、免疫调节活性和体外抗氧化活性,为后续天冬多糖研究提供依据。方法:采用水提醇沉法提取天冬粗多糖,Sevage法脱蛋白和分级醇沉法对脱蛋白后的多组分多糖进行分离,苯酚-浓硫酸法测定其糖含量;采用高效凝胶渗透色谱法测定其相对分子质量,高效离子色谱法测定其单糖组成;采用红外光谱法分析其结构;对于均一分子质量的80%醇沉多糖分级产物(以下简称TD-80),采用小鼠脾淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞RAW264.7评价TD-80的免疫调节活性及其相关细胞因子的分泌情况。通过测定DPPH自由基清除能力、超氧阴离子清除能力评价其体外抗氧化活性。结果:天冬粗多糖糖含量为63.13％,天冬脱蛋白冻干粉糖含量达73.98％。不同体积分数乙醇分级醇沉后,80%醇沉产物为均一分子质量的多糖产物TD-80(Mw = 7.3 ku,Mw/Mn = 2.68)。TD-80主要含有7种单糖组成,其中以半乳糖和半乳糖醛酸为主,属于酸性杂多糖。TD-80能促进脾淋巴细胞的增殖,并呈质量浓度依赖关系,对相关细胞因子(TNF-α,IL-1β和IL-6)的分泌有一定的刺激作用,呈现一定的免疫调节活性和抗氧化活性。结论:本方法具有操作简便、结果准确等优点,可为天冬及其它类似药材中多糖的提取、纯化及药理活性研究提供参考。     

Polyacrylonitrile‐carbon Nanotube‐polyacrylonitrile: A Versatile Robust Platform for Flexible Multifunctional Electronic Devices in Medical Applications

Flexible multifunctional electronic devices are of high interest for a wide range of applications including thermal therapy and respiratory devices in medical treatment, safety equipment, and structural health monitoring systems. This paper reports a scalable and efficient strategy of manufacturing a polyacrylonitrile‐carbon nanotube‐polyacrylonitrile (PAN‐CNT‐PAN) robust flexible platform for multifunctional electronic devices including flexible heaters, temperature sensors, and flexible thermal flow sensors. The key advantages of this platform include low cost, porosity, mechanical robustness, and electrical stability under mechanical bending, enabling the development of fast‐response flexible heaters with a response time of ≈1.5 s and relaxation time of ≈1.7 s. The temperature‐sensing functionality is also investigated with a range of temperature coefficient of resistances from ?650 to ?900 ppm K^?1. A flexible hot‐film sensing concept is successfully demonstrated using PAN‐CNT‐PAN with a high sensitivity of 340 mV (m s^?1)^?1. The sensitivity enhancement of 50% W^?1 is also observed with increasing supply power. The low cost, porosity, versatile, and robust properties of the proposed platform will enable the development of multifunctional electronic devices for numerous applications such as flexible thermal management, temperature stabilization in industrial processing, temperature sensing, and flexible/wearable devices for human healthcare applications.     

碾压混凝土坝的渗流分析研究

针对碾压混凝土坝渗流特性，采用无厚度缝面单元模拟型进行渗流分析，在不增加网格节点的前提下，不但能高效地刻画出层面和缝面的特点，而且能对具有强透水能力的冷缝或裂缝进行细致的模拟，基本上解决了碾压混凝土坝的渗流建模问题。计算结果表明，采用无厚度缝面单元模型，更加符合坝体的渗流实际情况，提高了求解的精度。     

Combinatorial Measurement of CDKN1A/p21 and KIF20A Expression for Discrimination of DNA Damage-Induced Clastogenicity

In vitro mammalian cytogenetic tests detect chromosomal aberrations and are used for testing the genotoxicity of compounds. This study aimed to identify a supportive genomic biomarker could minimize the risk of misjudgments and aid appropriate decision making in genotoxicity testing. Human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells were treated with each of six DNA damage-inducing genotoxins (clastogens) or two genotoxins that do not cause DNA damage. Cells were exposed to each compound for 4 h, and gene expression was comprehensively examined using Affymetrix U133A microarrays. Toxicogenomic analysis revealed characteristic alterations in the expression of genes included in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A/p21)-centered network. The majority of genes included in this network were upregulated on treatment with DNA damage-inducing clastogens. The network, however, also included kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) downregulated by treatment with all the DNA damage-inducing clastogens. Downregulation of KIF20A expression was successfully confirmed using additional DNA damage-inducing clastogens. Our analysis also demonstrated that nucleic acid constituents falsely downregulated the expression of KIF20A, possibly via p16 activation, independently of the CDKN1A signaling pathway. Our results indicate the potential of KIF20A as a supportive biomarker for clastogenicity judgment and possible mechanisms involved in KIF20A downregulation in DNA damage and non-DNA damage signaling networks.     

区块整体调剖技术在濮城油田沙三段油藏的研究与应用

濮城沙三段是典型深层低渗非均质油藏，经多次压裂改造，人工裂缝的形成导致注入水沿裂缝水窜，注入水波及系数大大降低，含水上升速度加快，开发效果变差。应用优化设计技术和PI决策专家系统，通过室内研究，开发出系列高强度微裂缝和大孔道堵剂，并形成油水井配套封堵工艺技术。应用后，注入水波及系数得到提高，油藏开发效果得到有效改善。     

Quantitative Visualization of the Interaction between Complement Component C1 and Immunoglobulin G: The Effect of CH1 Domain Deletion

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) adopts a modular multidomain structure that mediates antigen recognition and effector functions, such as complement-dependent cytotoxicity. IgG molecules are self-assembled into a hexameric ring on antigen-containing membranes, recruiting the complement component C1q. In order to provide deeper insights into the initial step of the complement pathway, we report a high-speed atomic force microscopy study for the quantitative visualization of the interaction between mouse IgG and the C1 complex composed of C1q, C1r, and C1s. The results showed that the C1q in the C1 complex is restricted regarding internal motion, and that it has a stronger binding affinity for on-membrane IgG2b assemblages than C1q alone, presumably because of the lower conformational entropy loss upon binding. Furthermore, we visualized a 1:1 stoichiometric interaction between C1/C1q and an IgG2a variant that lacks the entire C_H1 domain in the absence of an antigen. In addition to the canonical C1q-binding site on Fc, their interactions are mediated through a secondary site on the C_L domain that is cryptic in the presence of the C_H1 domain. Our findings offer clues for novel-modality therapeutic antibodies.     

加强标准化建设促进光伏并网发电产业发展

叙述了中国标准化建设情况,指出了加强光伏并网发电产业标准化建设的重要性,提出了开展光伏并网发电产业标准化工作的建议。     

基于塔筒添加螺旋线的风力机降噪性能优化研究

为降低风力机对周围居民的噪声污染,提出一种用于分布式风力机的塔架表面缠绕螺旋线的降噪方案。以S2030翼型风力机为计算模型,以螺旋线高度、螺距、螺头数、覆盖范围及旋向为因素,近尾迹辐射噪声总声压级为评价指标进行正交试验,在额定工况下利用ANSYS Fluent数值模拟平台LES/FWH方法进行数值计算。结果表明：螺旋线高度h为5.5 mm、螺距P/d为0.5、螺头数N为4、覆盖面积为全部、旋向为逆时针时为最优组合。各因素对总声压级影响的程度由大到小为螺距>高度>覆盖范围>螺头数>旋向。塔架缠绕螺旋线能有效降低200~2000 Hz中高频噪声声压级。降噪效果随轴向距离的增大而增大,最高可降低总声压级13.19 dB（A）。