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121.
122.
123.
Koji Sugano Yuki Uchida Osamu Ichihashi Hideo Yamada Toshiyuki Tsuchiya Osamu Tabata 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2010,9(6):1165-1174
Gold nanoparticles with diameters of a few tens of nanometer and a narrow size distribution were synthesized using a pulsed
mixing method with a microfluidic system which consists of a Y-shaped mixing microchannel and two piezoelectric valveless
micropumps. This mixing method enables control of the mixing speed of gold salts and reducing agent by changing the switching
frequency of the micropumps, which was our focus to improve the particle size distribution, which is an essential parameter
in gold nanoparticle synthesis. In the proposed method, the mixing time was inversely proportional to the switching frequency
and the minimum mixing time was 95 ms at a switching frequency of 200 Hz. During synthesis experiments, the mean diameter
of the synthesized gold nanoparticles was found to increase, and the coefficient of variation of particle size was found to
decrease with decreasing mixing time. We successfully improved the coefficient of variation to less than 10% for a mean diameter
of around 40 nm. 相似文献
124.
Foundation engineering emerged as a discipline of modern engineering science in 1940s. Design and analysis as well as practice of foundation engineering have made a significant progress up to the present time. This paper gives an overview of the development of foundation engineering, mainly referring to papers published in Soils and Foundations. The paper describes the theoretical development of foundation analysis and a recent increasing trend of foundation practice of adopting various hybrid foundations. The paper points out the importance of environmental considerations in foundation design and practice, including low noise and vibration reduction, reuse of existing foundations and use of natural energy through foundation elements. The paper then provides authors’ views of future directions in foundation studies and practice. 相似文献
125.
Zang Hee Cho Young Don Son Eun Jung Choi Hang Keun Kim Jeong Hee Kim Sang Yoon Lee Seiji Ogawa Young Bo Kim 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》2013,26(1):71-79
Advances in the new-generation of ultra-high-resolution, brain-dedicated positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) systems have begun to provide many interesting insights into the molecular dynamics of the brain. First, the finely delineated structural information from ultra-high-field MRI can help us to identify accurate landmark structures, thereby making it easier to locate PET activation sites that are anatomically well-correlated with metabolic or ligand-specific organs in the neural structures in the brain. This synergistic potential of PET/MRI imaging is discussed in terms of neuroscience and neurological research from both translational and basic research perspectives. Experimental results from the hippocampus, thalamus, and brainstem obtained with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and 11C-3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl)benzonitrile are used to demonstrate the potential of this new brain PET/MRI system. 相似文献
126.
Satofumi Souma Matsuto Ogawa Takahiro Yamamoto Kazuyuki Watanabe 《Journal of Computational Electronics》2011,10(1-2):35-43
We show computationally that the current-voltage characteristics of the zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) with the even width exhibit remarkable current saturation behavior in spite of the absence of the bandgap. Mechanism of such current-saturation behavior can be understood to be originated from the symmetries of the wavefunctions corresponding to the edge states in ZGNR. We further demonstrate that the current-voltage characteristics of ZGNR can be drastically changed even by the presence of a single lattice vacancy, with the strong dependence on the position of the vacancy. The origin of such properties is intuitively understood by analyzing the transmission probabilities through such systems. 相似文献
127.
Song Chen Toshiyuki Ikoma Nobuhiro Ogawa Satoshi Migita Hisatoshi Kobayashi Nobutaka Hanagata 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2010,11(3)
Novel type I collagen hybrid fibrils were fabricated by neutralizing a mixture of type I fish scale collagen solution and type I porcine collagen solution with a phosphate buffer saline at 28 °C. Their structure was discussed in terms of the volume ratio of fish/porcine collagen solution. Scanning electron and atomic force micrographs showed that the diameter of collagen fibrils derived from the collagen mixture was larger than those derived from each collagen, and all resultant fibrils exhibited a typical D-periodic unit of ∼67 nm, irrespective of volume ratio of both collagens. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed only one endothermic peak for the fibrils derived from collagen mixture or from each collagen solution, indicating that the resultant collagen fibrils were hybrids of type I fish scale collagen and type I porcine collagen. 相似文献
128.
Toshiki Hirogaki Eiichi AoyamaKeiji Ogawa Hiroyuki KodamaTasuku Kitamura 《Precision Engineering》2011,35(2):197-203
The purpose of the present study is to apply data-mining methods to support the decision of reasonable cutting conditions. Although an enormous amount of information is listed in a catalog, it is not possible to know all of it. Seen from the viewpoint of the user, this enormous amount of information becomes a hindrance. For example, even if an expert worker does not look at a catalog, in end-mill processing, he can decide the appropriate processing condition efficiently from experience; however, this type of situation creates difficult problems for an unskilled worker or a skilled worker with little experience. The recommended cutting condition for every type of material is listed in a catalog together with the appropriate tool, but it takes much time and labor to search and examine the catalog to find the right tool, and this process is inefficient. The main subject of our research was to support the processing condition of the end-mill for each precision tool efficiently based on end-mill clusters. Our research applied the techniques of data mining, in particular, non-hierarchy clustering and hierarchy clustering, to catalog data. With these techniques, we applied multiple regression analysis and reached the following main conclusions. As a first step, we paid attention to the shape element of catalog data. In addition to using conventional mining processes, we grouped end-mills from the viewpoint of tool shape, which meant the ratio of dimensions, visually by applying the K-means method. We applied variable cluster analysis next to each cluster and extracted an predictor variable to represent each cluster, and we performed multiple regression analysis and derived a cutting condition decision formula. The cutting condition decision formula provided high accuracy. The accuracy was higher than the results achieved through mining of all data. A more highly precise processing condition decision formula was derived by doing mining again, excluding the peculiar data clusters such as small diameter end-mill. We understood what was effective for cutting condition decision to be factors related to blade length and the ratio of the full length, factors which have not been singled out through background knowledge or expert knowledge, but were noticed as an effect of catalog mining. 相似文献
129.
T. Katsumi H. Kodama T. Matsuo H. Ogawa N. Tsuboi K. Hori 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2009,45(4):442-453
A new composition of hydroxylammonium nitrate based solution containing ammonium nitrate, methanol, and water was developed
for monopropellant in a reaction control system (RCS) as an alternative to conventional hydrazine. In comparison with hydrazine,
this solution has a 20% higher specific impulse, 1.4 times higher density, and lower freezing point and toxicity. The linear
burning rate of the solution is moderate at the operating pressures of RCS thrusters. It was found that the linear burning
rate had some characteristics whose mechanisms had not been understood. The combustion mechanism of this solution was investigated.
The burning behavior was observed using a medium speed camera, and a temperature profile for the combustion wave was measured
with a 2.5 μm diameter thermocouple. From these results, the instability of the liquid-gas interface may trigger a sudden
increase in the burning rate, and methanol was found to be effective in reducing the bubble growth rate in the solution. The
reactivity of several catalysts was evaluated in an open-cup test, and the S405 catalyst for hydrazine showed the best performance
among them. Thruster tests were conducted using the S405 catalyst with variation in the propellant mass flow rate, catalyst
bed configuration, and length-to-diameter ratio of the combustor. As a result, parameters were determined that ensured long
operating time. The model thruster operated stably for up to 100 sec with a specific impulse I
sp = 240 sec, which corresponds to a 90% efficiency.
__________
Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 109–120, July–August, 2009.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
130.
Shimizu Y Tamura T Ono M Kasai O Nakajima T 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2002,28(8):931-937
We proposed a method for objectively selecting the most fitted rate equation among candidate rate equations based on chemical kinetics by both nonlinear regression analysis and Akaike's information criterion (AIC), to express the decrease of pharmaceutical ingredient as an appropriate equation. Pseudo-zero, first, and second-order rate equations were prepared as candidates beforehand, and AIC was introduced for selecting the most fitted rate equation among the candidates. We compared the proposed method to the Weibull method that expressed any decrease patterns as a single equation.
We quantified the contents of thiamine nitrate (VB1) and taurine after storage for one, three, and six months under 40°C-75% relative humidity by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Decrease patterns of each sample were most fitted to one of the candidate rate equations, that is, pseudo-zero, first, and second-order rate equations, respectively, and the degree of fit in the most fitted equation was superior to that of the Weibull method, except for the pseudo-first-order rate equation.
Moreover, we confirmed that the proposed method was considerably precise for estimating the stability of pharmaceuticals by comparing estimated residual rates and confidence intervals to experimental data. 相似文献
We quantified the contents of thiamine nitrate (VB1) and taurine after storage for one, three, and six months under 40°C-75% relative humidity by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Decrease patterns of each sample were most fitted to one of the candidate rate equations, that is, pseudo-zero, first, and second-order rate equations, respectively, and the degree of fit in the most fitted equation was superior to that of the Weibull method, except for the pseudo-first-order rate equation.
Moreover, we confirmed that the proposed method was considerably precise for estimating the stability of pharmaceuticals by comparing estimated residual rates and confidence intervals to experimental data. 相似文献