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121.
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can image materials at the nanometer scale and obtain quantitative information
on their surface energy, roughness and hardness (Morris et al. 1999). AFM has also been used to quantify
changes in the surface properties of polymer films and coatings exposed to UV radiation or natural weathering,
but it has not been used to assess the photodegradation of wood (Biggs et al. 2001). The advantage of
using AFM to assess the photodegradation of polymers lies in its ability to reveal early changes in the
material on a nanometer scale and elucidate mechanisms responsible for such degradation. This study examined
if AFM could provide similar information and insights for wood exposed to solar radiation. 相似文献
122.
Ulrike Cress Katrin Wodzicki Martina Bientzle Andreas Lingnau 《International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning》2011,6(2):307-321
Computer-supported collaborative learning has an unexploited potential of becoming an effective learning method for pupils
with intellectual disabilities. This paper aims at showing how some specific requirements of this target group may be met
by structuring a learning situation with the help of floor control, which restricts the opportunities of a learning dyad to act simultaneously within the learning environment. It was expected
that floor control could improve communication between pupils with intellectual disabilities by explicitly structuring and restricting activities
in the learning environment and making it necessary for the pupils to communicate. To examine if floor control really supports the collaboration process in the hypothesized way, two different versions of a CSCL environment were implemented
and compared. The results revealed improved task-related communication and a higher quality of interaction outcomes. 相似文献
123.
Building on recent research investigating the role of life-course factors (including childhood conditions) and societal context in older Europeans health status, this study investigates the determinants of changes in elders’ health across two waves of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Controlling for individuals’ current living conditions at baseline, our analysis provides evidence for long-term associations between childhood conditions (SES, health, cognition) and health dynamics in older age. Moreover, our findings suggest that income inequality tends to increase elders’ risk of experiencing negative health changes (decreases their chance to recover from poor health, respectively). Our study underlines the importance of accounting for both life-course and societal determinants of later life health dynamics. 相似文献
124.
Martina Rudnicki Marcos Roberto de Oliveira Tiago da Veiga Pereira Flávio Henrique Reginatto Felipe Dal-Pizzol José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira 《Food chemistry》2007,100(2):719-724
The leaves of Passiflora alata Dryander and Passiflora edulis Sims, traditionally used in American countries to treat both anxiety and nervousness by folk medicine, are rich in polyphenols, which have been reported as natural antioxidants. In this study, the antioxidant activities of P. edulis and P. alata hydroalcoholic leaf extracts were verified in in vitro and ex vivo assays. P. alata showed a higher total reactive antioxidant potential than did P. edulis. The antioxidant activities of both extracts were significantly correlated with polyphenol contents. In addition, both extracts attenuated ex vivo iron-induced cell death, quantified by lactate dehydrogenase leakage, and effectively protected against protein damage induced by iron and glucose. These findings demonstrate that the P. alata and P. edulis leaf extracts have potent in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant properties and might be considered as possible new sources of natural antioxidants. 相似文献
125.
Which kind of instruction helps children aged 9–14 years interact efficiently with a mobile phone? Due to analogies between navigation in menu structures and the natural environment, three instructions providing different forms of spatial knowledge were under study: A step-by-step instruction featuring landmark knowledge of the menu functions to be selected, a diagram of the menu structure providing survey knowledge and a free exploration of the menu, also giving the children the opportunity to develop survey knowledge. Results show a superiority of the two instructions that provide survey knowledge, except for the youngest children aged 9–10 years. This group showed to have lower spatial abilities and is therefore presumably not able to understand and integrate this type of knowledge. For those very young children, the landmark information given in traditional step-by-step instructions is more helpful. It is concluded, that simple diagrams of the menu structure can help children from 11 years on to significantly ease their interaction with small menu driven devices. 相似文献
126.
Martina Stekrova Hana Minarikova Eliska Vyskocilova Jiri Kolena Libor Cerveny 《Journal of Porous Materials》2014,21(5):757-767
The presented report focuses on the testing of heterogenized methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) in indene epoxidation. A range of mesoporous materials with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios, namely aluminosilicates type Siral and MCM-41 silica and fumed silica, were used as supports for immobilization of MTO. The tested support materials and prepared catalytic systems exhibited high surface area, well-defined regular structure and narrow pore size distribution of mesopores and therefore represent good quality catalysts for various reactions. The immobilized MTO on various supports was tested for the preparation of 1,2-epoxyindane using two forms of hydrogen peroxide as oxidation agents, namely aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and its anhydrous form, urea-hydrogen peroxide. The prepared catalysts were successfully used for the preparation of 1,2-epoxyindane with achieved 100 % selectivities to the desired product at high conversions of indene. 相似文献
127.
The Fight against the Influenza A Virus H1N1: Synthesis,Molecular Modeling,and Biological Evaluation of Benzofurazan Derivatives as Viral RNA Polymerase Inhibitors 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Mafalda Pagano Dr. Daniele Castagnolo Dr. Martina Bernardini Anna Lucia Fallacara Ilaria Laurenzana Davide Deodato Dr. Ulrich Kessler Dr. Beatrice Pilger Dr. Lilli Stergiou Dr. Stephan Strunze Dr. Cristina Tintori Prof. Maurizio Botta 《ChemMedChem》2014,9(1):129-150
The influenza RNA polymerase complex, which consists of the three subunits PA, PB1, and PB2, is a promising target for the development of new antiviral drugs. A large library of benzofurazan compounds was synthesized and assayed against influenza virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1). Most of the new derivatives were found to act by inhibiting the viral RNA polymerase complex through disruption of the complex formed between subunits PA and PB1. Docking studies were also performed to elucidate the binding mode of benzofurazans within the PB1 binding site in PA and to identify amino acids involved in their mechanism of action. The predicted binding pose is fully consistent with the biological data and lays the foundation for the rational development of more effective PA–PB1 inhibitors. 相似文献
128.
129.
Experimental‐numerical research on the seismic performance of URM buildings made of lightweight AAC blocks / Experimentell‐numerische Untersuchung zum seismischen Verhalten von unbewehrten Mauerwerksgebäuden aus Porenbetonblöcken 下载免费PDF全文
Assist. Prof. PhD Andra Penna Professor PhD Guido Magenes Maria Rota Researcher PhD Martina Mandirola MSc Annalisa Rosti MSc 《Mauerwerk》2015,19(2):130-143
Masonry walls constructed with lightweight AAC blocks and thin‐layer mortar meet the increasingly strict requirements of energy efficiency and sustainability. In this sense, they represent an excellent solution for modern buildings, not only for external cladding but also as loadbearing elements. Despite the possible advantages of using lightweight AAC masonry, a specific assessment of its seismic performance is mandatory in order to set design recommendations allowing to reach safety levels consistent with those required for other masonry types complying with EN 1998 standard requirements. A comprehensive study on the seismic performance of unreinforced masonry buildings made of lightweight AAC was carried out in an integrated experimental‐numerical approach. The experimental campaign provided the necessary information to setup a reliable numerical model to be extensively used to assess the seismic performance of a number of prototype AAC masonry buildings with different characteristics, by means of both linear and nonlinear static (pushover) analysis. The results of this systematic numerical assessment were eventually used to draft design recommendations, to set parameters (behaviour factors) to be used in linear analysis and to calibrate rules for simple buildings. 相似文献
130.
Giacomina Rossi Erika Salvi Luisa Benussi Elkadia Mehmeti Andrea Geviti Sonia Bellini Antonio Longobardi Alessandro Facconi Matteo Carrara Cristian Bonvicini Roland Nicsanu Claudia Saraceno Martina Ricci Giorgio Giaccone Giuliano Binetti Roberta Ghidoni 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(21)
Genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is characterized by heterogeneous phenotypic expression, with a disease onset highly variable even in patients carrying the same mutation. Herein we investigated if variants in lysosomal genes modulate the age of onset both in FTLD due to GRN null mutations and C9orf72 expansion. In a total of 127 subjects (n = 74 GRN mutations and n = 53 C9orf72 expansion carriers), we performed targeted sequencing of the top 98 genes belonging to the lysosomal pathway, selected based on their high expression in multiple brain regions. We described an earlier disease onset in GRN/C9orf72 pedigrees in subjects carrying the p.Asn521Thr variant (rs1043424) in PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a gene that is already known to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We found that: (i) the PINK1 rs1043424 C allele is significantly associated with the age of onset; (ii) every risk C allele increases hazard by 2.11%; (iii) the estimated median age of onset in homozygous risk allele carriers is 10–12 years earlier than heterozygous/wild type homozygous subjects. A replication study in GRN/C9orf72 negative FTLD patients confirmed that the rs1043424 C allele was associated with earlier disease onset (−5.5 years in CC versus A carriers). Understanding the potential mechanisms behind the observed modulating effect of the PINK1 gene in FTLD might prove critical for identifying biomarkers and/or designing drugs to modify the age of onset, especially in GRN/C9orf72-driven disease. 相似文献