Autoclaving sections of dermis for 8 h followed by fixation, dehydration and xylol-air drying yields a pure preparation of elastic fibres for scanning electron microscopy which retains the native architecture of this component. Elastic fibres were intertwined in a complex fashion with numerous branches. Fibres were predominantly cylindrical in the upper dermis and became larger and more elliptical in the deeper dermis. This method produces a means to study of organization of elastic fibres in a variety of disorders in which dermal changes are prominent. 相似文献
Proposes a vision-based active sensing system, termed vision-based active antenna. This is composed of a camera, a flexible beam whose force-deformation characteristic is known, and an actuator for rotating the beam. The camera observes the beam deformation, including the contact information, while the beam is in contact with an object. By solving a set of equations based on the information acquired through the camera, the sensor can detect the contact location, the contact force, and the stiffness of the object, even though the contact point is hidden by occlusion. For two particular versions, we show some experimental results to verify the basic idea 相似文献
Periodontal disease is caused by dental plaque biofilms, and the removal of these biofilms from the root surface of teeth plays a central part in its treatment. The conventional treatment for periodontal disease fails to remove periodontal infection in a subset of cases, such as those with complicated root morphology. Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as an additional treatment for this infectious disease. Many periodontal pathogenic bacteria are susceptible to low-power lasers in the presence of dyes, such as methylene blue, toluidine blue O, malachite green, and indocyanine green. aPDT uses these light-activated photosensitizer that is incorporated selectively by bacteria and absorbs a low-power laser/light with an appropriate wavelength to induce singlet oxygen and free radicals, which are toxic to bacteria. While this technique has been evaluated by many clinical studies, some systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported controversial results about the benefits of aPDT for periodontal treatment. In the light of these previous reports, the aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information about aPDT and help extend knowledge of advanced laser therapy. 相似文献
We describe a most straightforward synthetic method for preparing neurokinin‐1 (NK1) receptor antagonist derivatives by asymmetric hydrogenation of 3‐amido‐2‐arylpyridinium salts using dinuclear iridium complexes with enantiopure diphosphine ligands, affording the corresponding chiral piperidines in high cis‐diastereoselectivity (>95:5) and moderately high enantioselectivity (up to 86%). Deprotection treatments afforded the NK‐1 receptor antagonist (+)‐CP‐99,994 (83% ee). In addition, we observed unique additive effects of 10‐camphorsulfonic acid in the asymmetric hydrogenation of 3‐amido‐2‐arylpyridinium salts.
Dinuclear triply chloro‐bridged iridium(III) complexes bearing chiral diphosphine ligands catalyze the asymmetric hydrogenation of tosylamido‐substituted pyrazines to give the corresponding chiral tetrahydropyrazines with an amidine skeleton in high yield and with high enantioselectivity. Addition of N,N‐dimethylanilinium bromide enhanced the catalytic activity of the iridium complexes and also increased the enantioselectivity of the products by trapping the hydrogenated amine products with HBr from N,N‐dimethylanilinium bromide. The amidine skeleton of the products could be transformed to give chiral piperazinones and piperazines without loss of enantioselectivity.
PLLA/PDLA blend films with only stereocomplex crystallites as a crystalline species together with pure PLLA and PDLA films with only homo‐crystallites as a crystalline species were prepared, and the effects of enantiomeric polymer blending, crystalline species, and crystallinity on the water vapor permeability were investigated. The WVT coefficient P of PLLA/PDLA blend films was 14–23% lower than that of pure PLLA and PDLA films in the crystallinity Xc range of 0–30%. Amorphous PLLA/PDLA blend films have a much lower P than pure PLLA and PDLA films. The dependence of P on Xc for blend films was stronger for Xc = 0–30% than for Xc = 30–100%. This dependence is discussed using the Nielsen model and the concept of “restricted” (or “restrained”) and “free” amorphous regions.
Japan's Specifications and Standards for Food Additives, 7th Edition (JSFA-VII) does not set limits for total contents of water-soluble chlorides and water-soluble sulfates (water-soluble inorganic salts) in food color aluminum lakes (FC-Als). However, the regulatory limit is 2% in JECFA and CFR. We used column switching suppressor-type ion chromatography (CSS-IC) for determination of anions. The total contents of water-soluble inorganic salts in FC-Als (112 qualified samples) were determined using the modified CSS-IC from fiscal year 1998 to fiscal year 2003. Total contents of water-soluble inorganic salts in four samples exceeded 2%. From an international point of view, it is desirable that the total content of water-soluble inorganic salts in FC-Al should again be regulated in Japan. 相似文献
Waste tyre and plastic such as polyethylene terephthalate can be utilized as a useful material for conversion of solar energy into chemical energy by solar thermochemical gasification into synthesis gas (CO+H2) using concentrated solar energy. In the present paper, the gasification of waste tyre (C: 86 wt.%, H: 8.4 wt.%) and of PET (C10H8O4)n, were studied using ZnO as a donor of oxygen in the infra-red furnace at 1373 K. For the gasification of tyre, most of the chemically bound hydrogen was converted into H2 (62%) and CH4 (29%) gases, while 71 mole% of the inherent carbon was gasified to CO (36%), CH4 (29%), C2H4 (2%), and CO2 (4%) in 200 s of the decomposition reaction. The CO2:CO ratio was about 1/10, indicating that the carbon in the waste tyre can be converted effectively to gaseous fuels. In the experiment without ZnO, the conversion efficiency of C and H were decreased to 17% and 77%, respectively. However an appreciable effect of ZnO on the enhancement of the gasification of PET was not observed. 相似文献