High concentration erbium doping of silicon-rich SiO2 thin films on silicon

In this work, high concentration erbium doping in silicon-rich SiO₂ thin films is demonstrated. Si plus Er dual-implanted thermal SiO₂ thin films on Si substrates have been fabricated by using a new method, the metal vapor vacuum arc ion source implantation with relatively low ion energy, strong flux and very high dose. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement shows that very high Er concentrations on the surfaces of the samples, corresponding to 10 at.% or the doping level of 10²¹ atoms cm⁻³, are achieved. This value is much higher than that obtained by using other fabrication methods such as the high-energy ion implantation and molecular beam epitaxy. Reflective high-energy electron diffraction, atomic force microscopy and cross-section high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observations show that the excess Si atoms in SiO₂ matrix accumulate to form Si clusters and then crystallize gradually into Si nanoparticles embedded in SiO₂ films during dual-ion implantation followed by rapid thermal annealing. Er segregation and precipitates are not formed. Photoluminescence at the wavelength of 1.54 μm exhibits very weak temperature dependence due to the introduction of Si nanocrystals into the SiO₂ matrix. The 1.54-μm light emission signals from annealed samples decrease by less than a factor of 2 when the measuring temperature increases from 77 K to room temperature.     

城市污水处理行业发展建设问题探讨

介绍了我国城市水污染的现状及其危害程度。提出了城市污水处理行业发展、建设所面临的种种问题。诸如资金问题、标准问题、管网与污水处理厂的关系等。论述了城市排水管网建设与发展应遵循的原则。苦能明确，并遵循分期建设以近为主、远近期相结合的原则，就能使污染得到控制，使生存环境更加美好。     

Analogue implementation of a neural network controller for UPSinverter applications

An analogue neural-network controller for UPS inverter applications is presented. The proposed neural-network controller is trained off-line using patterns obtained from a simulated controller, which had an idealized load-current-reference. Simulation results show that the proposed neural-network controller can achieve low total harmonic distortion under nonlinear loading condition and good dynamic responses under transient loading condition. To verify the performance of the proposed NN controller, a hardware inverter with an analogue neural network (NN) controller (using mainly operational amplifiers and resistors) is built. Additionally, for comparison purposes, a PI controller with optimized parameters is built. Experimental results confirm the simulation results and show the superior performance of the NN controller especially under rectifier-type loading condition. Implementing the analogue neural-network controller using programmable integrated circuits is also discussed     

瓶组气化站的建筑、结构设计要点

瓶组气化站的建筑，结构设计关系到安全，满足使用要求和投资的大小，本文根据多年的实践和最新的有关设计规范的要求，阐述瓶组气化站建筑，结构设计的要点。     

利用多变量控制器实现常压塔塔底液位控制

塔底液位控制在石油化工装置中非常普遍 ,大多数情况下 ,用于调节塔底液位的抽出量又是下一道工序的进料 ,所以需要采用均匀控制的思想来保证既维持塔底液位在一定的允许范围波动 ,又尽可能减少对下游工序的影响。现介绍了采用多变量预估控制器实现上述控制思想的方法 ,该方案在兰州石化公司炼油厂二套常减压装置得到了成功的应用     

古滑坡复活实例分析

通过古滑坡复活实例，说明古滑坡复活的工程地质条件和背景，阐明古滑坡的滑移特征、产生原因和激发因素；最后提出治理措施。     

青岛第四代清梳联工艺特点

总结了青岛第四代清梳联流程最新工艺特点，通过德棉股份有试验分析，展示了最新工艺试验结果。     

Preliminary Study in Spatial Data Warehouse of Flood Control and Disaster Mitigation in Yangtze River Basin

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EDELCA电力公司梯级调度自动发电控制系统

真正意义上的梯级调度自动发电控制（AGC）在国内尚属空白,委内瑞拉EDELCA电力公司的梯级联合调度已有30多年的经验,其AGC选择ACE（区域偏差控制）为控制方式,考虑各种复杂因素,控制功能针对不同的机组特性和运行情况有很大的灵活性。梯级调度AGC具有其自身的功能特点、目标函数、控制状态、参数及模式。     

铂与氢、水和苯分子相互作用的量子化学研究

采用量子化学程序Gaussian98(A.9)从头算的B3LYP方法，全优化计算铂对氢、水和苯的化学吸附作用，得到了3种相关络合物PtX、PtXX和Ptxxx(X=H，H2O或C6H6)的平衡几何构型和电子结构信息，并探讨了这些络合物的成键性质，以及苯环与铂原子之间的分子轨道作用性质。结果表明，苯环与铂原子之间有很强的成键作用，并随着游离氢原子和水分子的参与，作用强度有很大变化。苯分子吸附在金属铂上，它的芳香性得到不同程度的降低，苯环被活化，苯环与铂原子之间形成η^2型π键络合物；水参与作用后，苯环与铂原子之间形成σ络合物；氢和水同时参与作用后，苯环与铂原子之间仅有很弱的π轨道作用。