沸石加氢处理催化剂的制备方法

考察了渣油加氢处理催化剂制备过程中引入一种低硅铝比沸石的情况，它不仅提高催化剂的酸性，而且由于引入的分子筛孔径集中，最终使催化剂具有集中的孔分布，弥补了制备高活性催化剂采用混捏法的不足，制备出来的催化剂性能更优异。     

Fuzzy Learning of Talbot Effect Guides Optimal Mask Design for Proximity Field Nanopatterning Lithography

Processing methods used in photonics and nanotechnology possess many limitations restricting their application areas such as high cost, inability to produce fine details, problems with scalability, and long processing time. Proximity field nanopatterning is a lithography method which surpasses these limitations. By using interference patterns produced by a two-dimensional phase mask, the technique is able to generate a submicron detailed exposure on a millimeter-size slab of light sensitive photopolymer, which is then developed like a photographic plate to reveal three-dimensional interference patterns from the phase mask. While it is possible to use simulations to obtain the interference patterns produced by a phase mask, realizing the mask dimensions necessary for producing a desired interference pattern is analytically challenging due to the intricacies of light interactions involved in producing the final interference pattern. An alternative method is to iteratively optimize the phase mask until the interference patterns obtained converge to the desired pattern. However, depending on the optimization technique used, one either risks a significant probability of failure or requires a prohibitive number of iterations. We argue that an optimization technique that is to take advantage of the physics of the problem using machine learning methods (here fuzzy learning) can lead to competent mask design. This technique is described in this letter.     

Effects of contact shape on biological wet adhesion

Wet adhesion is widely adopted in biological adhesion systems in nature. Wet adhesion is studied in this paper with the focus on the effect of different contact shapes (flat, concave, convex, and ring-like) on the adhesion force. The evolution of the liquid bridge between a fiber tip and substrate during the detaching process shows two transition points. The first transition from the radius-controlled to the contact-angle controlled process is critical to influence the strength and robustness of adhesion. We show that a concave shape is more effective than a flat one, while a convex shape has no advantage. A ring-like contact shape has advantages in a hydrophobic environment and on a rough surface.     

面向企业信息化实现管理现代化

为适应社会信息化技术的发展，必须积极推行企业信息化，企业信息化引发管理革命，从而丰富了企业管理现代化的内容。本文论述了上述三方面的内部及演化关系，指出只有面向企业信息化，才能充分实现企业管理现代化。     

Effect of Y2O3, CeO2 on Sintering Properties of Si3N4 Ceramics

The effect of rare earth oxides Y203 or Ce02 on sintering properties of Si3N4 ceramics was studied and the mechanism of assisting action during sintering was analyzed. The results in dicate that the best sintering properties appear in Si3N4 ceramics with 5% Y203 or 8% CeO2. Secondary crystallites are formed at grain boundaries after heat treatment,which decreases the amount of glass phase and contributes to the improvement of high-temperature mechanical properties of silicon nitride.     

Experience in testing the Motif interface

The testing and quality assurance of the Motif 1.0 graphical user-interface software are described. The testing goals, which fell into three general categories (code coverage, defect-density, and defect-arrival rate), and a deliverable formal test suite are examined. The three phases of the testing process-evaluation, test development, and regression testing-and the tools used in testing are discussed     

Ozonation of CI Reactive Black 5 using rotating packed bed and stirred tank reactor

This study investigates the ozonation of CI Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by using the rotating packed bed (RPB) and completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) as ozone contactors. The RPB, which provides high gravitational force by adjusting the rotational speed, was employed as a novel ozone contactor. The same ozone dosage was separately introduced into either the RPB or the CSTR for the investigation, while the experimental solution was continuously circulated within the apparatus consisting of the RPB and CSTR. The decolorization and mineralization efficiencies of RB5 in the course of ozonation are compared for these two methods. Moreover, the dissolved and off‐gas ozone concentrations were simultaneously monitored for the further analysis. As a result, the ozone mass transfer rate per unit volume of the RPB was significantly higher because of its higher mass transfer coefficient and gas–liquid concentration driving force. Furthermore, ozonation kinetics was found to be independent of the gravitational magnitude of an ozone gas–liquid contactor. Therefore, the results suggest employing RPBs as ozone‐contacting devices with the advantage of volume reduction. The experimental results, which can be used for further modeling of the ozonation process in the RPB, also show the requirement of correct design for the RPB. Consequently, the present study is useful for the understanding of practical application of RPBs. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Crystal growth of selected II–VI semiconducting alloys by directional solidification: Part I Ground-based experiments

A series of Hg_0.84Zn_0.16 Te crystal ingots have been grown from pseudobinary melts by the Bridgmam–Stockbarger type directional solidification using a Marshall Space Flight Center/Space Science Laboratory heat-pipe furnace and the ground control experiment laboratory furnace of the crystal growth furnace which was flown on the first United States Microgravity Mission. A number of translation rates and a series of hot- and cold-zone temperatures were employed to assess the influence of growth parameters on the crystal properties for the purpose of optimizing the in-flight growth conditions. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Study and design of step-index channel waveguide bends withlarge-angle and low-loss characteristics

By using micro-prisms, improved three-dimensional (3-D) bends of the embedded and buried waveguides of step-index profile are proposed. A simple phase compensation rule for the optimal design of the micro-prism is also presented. Through the simulation of 3-D semivectorial finite-difference beam propagation method, the transmission characteristics of the improved bends are shown to have been enhanced dramatically as compared with those of the conventional ones. Even for a bend angle of as large as 10°, the normalized transmitted power can still be greater than 95%. These results of 3-D bends are then compared with those of the two-dimensional (2-D) ones which are simplified from 3-D structures by the effective index method, and physical explanation of the discrepancy between the 3-D and 2-D results is introduced. The influences of waveguide structures and prism parameters on the transmission characteristics are discussed in detail. Some criteria for the design of large-angle low-loss 3-D improved bends are also accessed     

我国清洁代用燃料汽车发展状况

随着汽车数量的迅速增加，汽车排放的有害废气也急剧增加，人们的健康受到威胁，解决这一问题的最好办法是发展清洁代用燃料汽车。介绍了天然气汽车和液化石油气汽车的主要优点，分析了目前我国清洁代用燃料汽车的发展现状，阐述了近期适宜发展我国清洁代用燃料汽车的机遇和面临的困难。最后就提高人们的环保意识、修改和完善汽车尾气污染控制法及排放标准、清洁代用燃料汽车的有关标准和安全措施。对发展这种汽车应给予优惠政策以及零部件生产和车辆改装企业的管理等方面，提出了建议。