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91.
This problem studies the effect of gravity and initial stress on the propagation of torsional surface waves in dry sandy medium. The mathematical analysis of the problem has been dealt with the Whittaker function. Assuming the expansion of the Whittaker function up to linear term, it is concluded that the gravity field will always allow torsional waves to propagate. The expansion of the Whittaker function up to quadratic terms shows that two such wave fronts may exist in the medium. Finally, it is concluded that the sandy medium without support of a gravity field cannot allow the propagation of torsional surface waves, where as the presence of a gravity field always supports the propagation of torsional surface waves regardless of whether the medium is elastic or dry sandy. 相似文献
92.
For system-on-chips (SoC) using deep submicron (DSM) technologies, interconnects are becoming critical determinants for performance, reliability and power. Buses and long interconnects being susceptible to crosstalk noise, may lead to functional and timing failures. Existing at-speed interconnect crosstalk test methods propose inserting dedicated interconnect self-test structures in the SoC to generate vectors which have high crosstalk defect coverage. However, these methods may have a prohibitively high area overhead. To reduce this overhead, existing logic BIST structures like LFSRs could be reused to deliver interconnect tests. But, as shown by our experiments, use of LFSR tests achieve poor crosstalk defect coverage. Additionally, it has been shown that the power consumed during testing can potentially become a significant concern.In this paper, we present Logic-Interconnect BIST (LI-BIST), a comprehensive self-test solution for both the logic of the cores and the SoC interconnects. LI-BIST reuses existing logic BIST structures but generates high-quality tests for interconnect crosstalk defects, while minimizing the area overhead and interconnect power consumption. The application of the LI-BIST methodology on example SoCs indicates that LI-BIST is a viable, low-cost, yet comprehensive solution for testing SoCs. 相似文献
93.
Sen S. Towsley D. Zhi-Li Zhang Dey J.K. 《Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on》2002,20(7):1345-1359
A set of applications such as Internet video broadcasts, corporate telecasts, and distance learning require the simultaneous streaming of video to a large population of viewers across the Internet. The high bandwidth requirements and the multi-timescale burstiness of compressed video make it a challenging problem to provision network resources for streaming multimedia. For such applications to become affordable and ubiquitous, it is necessary to develop scalable techniques to efficiently stream video to a large number of disparate clients across a heterogeneous Internet. In this paper, we propose to multicast smoothed video over an application-level overlay network of proxies, and to differentially cache the video at the intermediate nodes (proxies) in the distribution tree, in order to reduce the network bandwidth requirements of video dissemination. We formulate the multicast smoothing problem as an optimization problem, and develop an algorithm for computing the set of transmission schedules for the tree that minimize the peak rate and rate variability, given buffer constraints at different nodes in the tree. We also develop an algorithm to compute the minimum buffer allocation in the entire tree, such that feasible transmission to all the clients is possible, when the tree has heterogeneous rate constraints. We show through trace-driven simulations that substantial benefits are possible from multicast smoothing and differential caching, and that these gains can be realized even with modest proxy caches. 相似文献
94.
Chinmay K. Maiti L.K. Bera S.S. Dey D.K. Nayak N.B. Chakrabarti 《Solid-state electronics》1997,41(12):1863-1869
The growth of a high quality, step-graded lattice-relaxed SiGe buffer layer on a Si(100) substrate is investigated. p-MOSFETs were fabricated on strained-Si grown on top of the above layer. Carrier confinement at the type-II strained-Si/SiGe buffer interface is observed clearly from the device transconductance and C-V measurements. At high vertical field, compared to bulk silicon, the channel mobility of the strained-Si device with x=0.18 is found to be about 40% and 200% higher at 300 K and 77 K respectively. Measurements on transconductance enhancement are also reported. Data at 77 K provide evidence of two channels and a large enhancement of mobility at high transverse field. 相似文献
95.
Somnath Middya Animesh Layek Arka Dey Partha Pratim Ray 《材料科学技术学报》2014,30(8):770-775
In this paper,we have reported the synthesis of FeS2 of higher band gap energy(2.75 eV) by using capping reagent and its successive application in organic-inorganic based hybrid solar cells.Hydrothermal route was adopted for preparing iron pyrite(FeS2) nanoparticles with capping reagent PEG-400.The quality of synthesized FeS2 material was confirmed by X-ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared,thermogravimetric analyzer,and Raman study.The optical band gap energy and electro-chemical band gap energy of the synthesized FeS2 were investigated by UV-vis spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry.Finally band gap engineered FeS2 has been successfully used in conjunction with conjugated polymer MEHPPV for harvesting solar energy.The energy conversion efficiency was obtained as 0.064%with a fill-factor of 0.52. 相似文献
96.
97.
Hitesh Mistry Ganapathi-subbu Subhrajit Dey Peeush Bishnoi Jose Luis Castillo 《Applied Thermal Engineering》2006,26(17-18):2448-2456
Prediction of transient natural convection heat transfer in vented enclosures has multiple applications such as understanding of cooking environment in ovens and heat sink performance in electronic packaging industry. The thermal field within an oven has significant impact on quality of cooked food and reliable predictions are important for robust design and performance evaluation of an oven. The CFD modeling of electric oven involves three-dimensional, unsteady, natural convective flow-thermal field coupled with radiative heat transfer. However, numerical solution of natural convection in enclosures with openings at top and bottom (ovens) can often lead to non-physical solutions such as reverse flow at the top vent, partly a function of initialization and sometimes dependent on boundary conditions. In this paper, development of a physics based robust CFD methodology is discussed. This model has been developed with rigorous experimental support and transient validation of this model with experiments show less than 3% discrepancy for a bake cycle. There is greater challenge in simulating a broil cycle, where the fluid inside the cavity is stably stratified and is also highlighted. A comparative analyses of bake and broil cycle thermal fields inside the oven are also presented. 相似文献
98.
P. Bhadra M.K. Mitra G.C. Das R. Dey S. Mukherjee 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2011,31(5):929-937
ZnO nanorods of around 80 nm length and 30–60 nm diameter, encapsulated in chitosan were synthesized through co-precipitation technique and was characterized by XRD, UV–VIS, SEM, HRTEM, AFM and FTIR. The aim of the study was to investigate the attachment of chitosan capped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) with Escherichia coli bacterial outermost cell membrane and their mode of action against these bacteria. The detailed characterization studies were carried out to develop insight into the process of influence of these nanostructures on bacterial cells. Antibiotic characteristics of chitosan capped ZnO nanoparticles have been compared with Amoxicillin by zone of inhibition through cup plate method. 相似文献
99.
Kalpana R. Dey Tapas Debnath Claus H. Rüscher Margareta Sundberg Altaf Hussain 《Journal of Materials Science》2011,46(5):1388-1395
Samples of nominal compositions, Cs0.25Nb
y
W1−y
O3 and Cs0.3Nb
y
W1−y
O3 with 0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.25 and 0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3 were synthesized using appropriate amounts of Cs2WO4, WO3 and WO2 in evacuated and closed silica glass tubes at 800 °C. The polycrystalline products contain hexagonal shaped crystals of up
to 15 μm diameter as long as y ≤ 0.15. X-ray powder patterns of the samples reveal the formation of hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB-I) type phase with y < 0.1. A mixture of HTB-I and an analogous less reduced hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB-II) type phase is seen when y ≥ 0.1. HTB-II content increases with increasing y, revealing close similarity to bronzoid type phases when y = x. Results of SEM/EDX analysis also support a partial substitution of tungsten by niobium in the HTB-I type phase. Infrared
absorption and optical reflectivity data shows the effect of increasing amount of non-metallic phase for y > 0.1 and the effect of counterdoping by Nb5+/W5+ substitution in the metallic HTB-I type phase for y ≤ 0.1, respectively. Reinvestigations in the system Rb0.3Nb
y
W1−y
O3 (0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.175) show similar results with increasing content of HTB-II type phase related with y. 相似文献
100.
Field Trials of Low-cost Reactive Media for the Passive Treatment of Circum-neutral Metal Mine Drainage in Mid-Wales,UK 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. Warrender N. J. G. Pearce W. T. Perkins K. M. Florence A. R. Brown D. J. Sapsford R. J. Bowell M. Dey 《Mine Water and the Environment》2011,30(2):82-89
This paper addresses the ability of five low-cost reactive materials to remove Zn, Pb, and Cd from Fe-poor, circum-neutral
pH metal mine water in Mid-Wales, UK. Compost, fly ash, waste shell material, iron ochre, and a mixture of blast furnace slag
(BFS) and basic oxygen furnace slag (BOS) were used in a series of small-scale passive treatment cells to assess metal removal
from mine drainage initially containing, on average, 23.5 mg/L Zn, 0.5 mg/L Pb, and 0.05 mg/L Cd. Trial treatment cells contained
between 1.5 and 12 kg of reactive media, had a 15 min residence time, and treated a discharge of up to 1 L per minute. Fly
ash from a peat-fired power station was found to be the most effective material for metal removal, with concentrations reduced
to 0.02 mg/L Zn, 0.0069 mg/L Pb, and 0.0001 mg/L Cd from over 1,000 L of water (between 98.6 and 99.9% removal). The other
materials initially achieved high levels of metal removal (between 75 and 99.9% Zn, Pb, and Cd removed); however, all of the
materials were saturated with Zn after less than 200 L of water had been treated. Metal sorption ranged from 21.4 mg/g Zn
for the peat fly ash to 0.0015 mg/g Cd for the compost and BOS/BFS slag. The results of the pilot-scale field trials can be
scaled to demonstrate that a modest-sized fly ash treatment cell (2.6 × 2.6 × 1 m) in size would be sufficient to remove 90%
of the total metal load (Pb, Zn, and Cd) from this 10 L/min mine water discharge for a 1 year period. Importantly this research
demonstrates that passive treatment for metal mine drainage can comply with water quality directives but cannot be considered
a ‘walk-away’ solution; it requires modest (potentially annual) maintenance. 相似文献