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71.
Takahiro Kawashima Tsuyoshi Kimura Takayuki Shibata Akio Kishida Takashi Mineta Eiji Makino 《Microelectronic Engineering》2010,87(5-8):704-707
In order to realize cellular network analysis on a chip-based system, our group has been developing a patterned cell culture microdevice with pillars in an array for tapping cells into space surrounded by the pillars. The pillar structures has advantages to trap both adhesive and non-adhesive cells and to precisely control positions of cells and distances between cells for understanding effects of various cell patterns on functions of a cellular network such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and network formation. In this paper, HeLa cell cultivation with the patterned cell culture microdevice having a pillar array fabricated by dry film of thick negative photoresist SU-8 on a glass substrate was executed as a feasibility study on a cellular network analysis. The results revealed that the device performance was found to be enough to culture HeLa cells for more than 48 h. In addition, relative extensibility of blocks of multiple cells compared with single cells tapped on the device was observed. Thus, the patterned cell culture microdevice proposed here could be applicable to analysis of cellular functions. 相似文献
72.
Kholid Akhmad Hiroaki Okamoto Akio Kitamura Hiromu Matsuda Fumio Yamamoto Yoshihiro Hamakawa 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》1997,47(1-4)
The experiments investigated phenomena related to direct contact between the DC output of a PV array and the AC power from the utility grid. The results show that the DC power flows through the distribution transformers (DC-injection) saturating their magnetic circuits. The saturation of magnetic circuits makes peak currents, incorporating a large portion of even harmonics, flow through the high-voltage side of the distribution transformer, adding the level of harmonic distortion of its exciting current. With the increase of injecting DC-current to the utility grid, peak currents at the primary side of distribution transformer increases the most, and even among the same effective (rms) values, the increase of primary side current is larger than that of the secondary side current. 相似文献
73.
Shigemitsu Hatanaka Eisuke Sakamoto Naoki Mishima Akio Muramatsu 《Materials and Structures》2008,41(7):1235-1249
The strength and hardness of concrete slab surface is considered significantly affected by bleeding of concrete. It has been
reported that dewatering by vacuum processing is quite effective to obtain high density of concrete. The method, however,
has not been successfully used for the concrete work in the field of building construction, compared with that of civil engineering
works in Japan. In the present study, firstly the state of the art concerning vacuum dewatering method is reviewed and the
newly improved vacuum dewatering method is introduced. Then the effect of the proposed method on concrete properties of slab
is examined by a series of experiments in order to find more reasonable and effective way in the application of the proposed
method. 相似文献
74.
CdS/CuInSe2 (CIS) heterojunctions were investigated by XPS analysis. An In-excess layer which may form an ordered vacancy compound (OVC) was present at the as-deposited CIS surface and it remained after chemical bath deposition of a CdS layer. The In-excess layer was removed by preferential etching with NH3 aqueous solution. This result implies that the surface of the as-deposited CIS film was converted from the OVC with n-type conductivity into the CIS with p-type by NH3 treatment. The conduction band offsets at the CdS/p-CIS and CdS/n-OVC were determined to be 1.0 and 0.3 eV, respectively. The CIS solar cells fabricated with n-OVC surface layer exhibited higher cell efficiencies than those fabricated with p-CIS surface layer. 相似文献
75.
Fatigue crack initiation and growth characteristics under mixed mode loading have been investigated on aluminum alloys 2017-T3 and 7075-T6, using a newly developed apparatus for mixed mode loading tests. In 2017-T3, the fatigue crack initiation and growth characteristics from a precrack under mixed mode loading are divided into three regions—shear mode growth, tensile mode growth and no growth—on the ΔKI-ΔKII plane. The shear mode growth is observed in the region expressed approximately by ΔKII > 3MPa√m and ΔKII/ΔKI > 1.6. In 7075-T6, the condition of shear mode crack initiation is expressed by ΔKII > 8 MPa√m and ΔKII/ΔKI > 1.6, and continuous crack growth in shear mode is observed only in the case of ΔKI/ΔKII, 0. The threshold condition of fatigue crack growth in tensile mode is described by the maximum tensile stress criterion, which is given by Δσθmax √2πr 1.6MPa√m, in both aluminum alloys. The direction of shear mode crack growth approaches the plane in which KI decreases and KII increases towards the maximum with crack growth. da/dN-ΔKII relations of the curved cracks growing in shear mode under mixed mode loading agree well with the da/dN-ΔKII relation of a straight crack under pure mode II loading. 相似文献
76.
Yuko Hamabe Ryoko Matsuura Akinori Jyo Masao Tamada Akio Katakai 《Reactive and Functional Polymers》2009,69(1):1-8
Bifunctional fibers containing phosphonate and sulfonate were derived from chloromethylstyrene grafted polyolefin fibers (PPPE-g-CMS) by phosphorylation and subsequent sulfonation reactions. It was clarified that phosphorylation of PPPE-g-CMS by Arbusov reaction is more suitable than one by the reaction with PCl3 in the presence of AlCl3, because the latter damaged fibers and gave phosphinate groups in addition to phosphonate ones. Then, bifunctional fibers containing phosphonate and sulfonate groups were prepared by sulfonation of monofunctional phosphonate fibers obtained via Arbusov reaction with chlorosulfonic acid. The metal ion selectivity of the bifunctional fibers was governed by both phosphonate and sulfonate groups. In addition, bifunctional fibers gave much more excellent kinetic performances in column-mode uptake of Cu(II) than the monofunctional phosphonate fibers and resin. 相似文献
77.
Masayuki Mizumoto Takeshi Ohgai Akio Kagawa 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(9):4264-4267
The SiCP/Al–4 mass%Cu alloy composites fabricated by a low-pressure infiltration process (LPI process) were remelted and separated by nozzle filtering method. In the separation process, the PRMMC specimen was placed in a container with a small nozzle at the bottom. The molten PRMMC was forced to flow out through the nozzle by applying a certain pressure of Ar gas. Most of the molten matrix alloy flowed out through the nozzle and the remainder in the container consisted of SiC particles and a part of the matrix alloy. The particle volume fraction of the remainder was higher than that of the original PRMMC and the remainder would work as a filter to separate SiC particles from the matrix alloy melt. When nozzle tip angle was ranged from 60° to 120°, about 80% of matrix alloy in the PRMMC was separated and few SiC particles were observed in the separated matrix alloy. The surface of recovered SiC particles became slightly roughened due to the reaction with the molten matrix during the separation process. However, this is not expected to affect their reuse. 相似文献
78.
Hajime Haneda Isao Sakaguchi Akio Watanabe Takamasa Ishigaki Junzo Tanaka 《Journal of Electroceramics》1999,4(1):41-48
18O diffusion coefficients were measured in zinc oxide ceramics using a secondary ion mass spectrometer. The results are interpreted as indicating extrinsic behavior. The values of the lattice diffusion coefficients with higher valence dopants compared with zinc ions are greater than lower valence dopant such as lithium ions. Using the data at deeper depth, the grain boundary diffusivity of oxide ions was also evaluated. Although the lattice diffusion coefficients varied by two orders of magnitude, the products of grain boundary width and grain boundary diffusion coefficient were less sensitive to the type of dopants. 相似文献
79.
Summary The binding of fibrinogen with heparin and dextran sulfates, and of antithrombin III with heparin and dextran sulfate were investigated by sedimentation velocity method. From the measurement of fibrinogen-acidic polysaccharide systems, it was confirmed that heparin and low molecular weight dextran sulfate(DSC) forms soluble complexes with fibrinogen, though the amount bound of the latter was rather small compared with high molecular weight dextran sulfate(DSD). Antithrombin III was also found to be bound by heparin and DSC. The numbers of heparin molecules bound to one molecule of fibrinogen and antithrombin III were estimated to be 4.2 and 0.3, respectively. 相似文献
80.
Yuji Shimada Akio Sugihara Yumi Minamigawa Kenichi Higashiyama Kengo Akimoto Shigeaki Fujikawa Sadao Komemushi Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(9):1213-1217
An attempt was made to enrich arachidonic acid (AA) from Mortierella single-cell oil, which had an AA content of 25%. The first step involved the hydrolysis of the oil with Pseudomonas sp. lipase. A mixture of 2.5 g oil, 2.5 g water, and 4000 units (U) Pseudomonas lipase was incubated at 40°C for 40 h with stirring at 500 rpm. The hydrolysis was 90% complete after 40 h, and the resulting
free fatty acids (FFA) were extracted with n-hexane (AA content, 25%; recovery of AA, 91%). The second step involved the selective esterification of the fatty acids with
lauryl alcohol and Candida rugosa lipase. A mixture of 3.5 g fatty acids/lauryl alcohol (1:1, mol/mol), 1.5 g water, and 1000 U Candida lipase was incubated at 30°C for 16 h with stirring at 500 rpm. Under these conditions, 55% of the fatty acids were esterified,
and the AA content in the FFA fraction was raised to 51% with a 92% yield. The long-chain saturated fatty acids in the FFA
fraction were eliminated as urea adducts. This procedure raised the AA content to 63%. To further elevate the AA content,
the fatty acids were esterified again in the same manner with Candida lipase. The repeated esterification raised the AA content to 75% with a recovery of 71% of its initial content. 相似文献