抗菌的季鏻阳离子改性蒙脱土的制备及表征

采用离子交换法将不同含量的十六烷基三丁基季鳞阳离子交换到蒙脱土的层间得到改性蒙脱土,并对其结构和性能进行了表征.热重分析(TGA)结果表明改性蒙脱土中季鳞阳离子的热分解起始温度都大于220℃,具有良好的热稳定性.通过X-射线衍射法(XRD)分析发现改性蒙脱土的层间距随着季鳞阳离子含量的增加而增加.扫描电镜观察结果发现:钠基蒙脱土为片状结构,粒子之间相互缠绕在一起;而改性蒙脱土的表面则显示出不规则的形状.随着改性蒙脱土中季鳞阳离子含量的增加,其抗菌活性逐渐增强.季鳞阳离子含量为22.61%(质量分数)的QPC-MMT2样品,其对E.coli和S.aureus的最低抑菌浓度(MICs)分别为1000 mg·L-1和30 mg·L-1,显示出良好的抗菌效果.     

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of zinc and cerium co-doped a-zirconium phosphate

A series of zinc ions or/and cerium ions co-doped α-zirconium phosphate (Zn-Ce@ZrPs) were prepared. The novel Zn-Ce@ZrPs were characterized and the antibacterial activity on Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were tested. The results showed that zinc ions (Zn2+) or/and cerium ions (Ce3+) were combined with ZrP, and the Ce3+ was adsorbed on the surface of ZrP through hydrogen bonds, while Zn2+ intercalated into the interlayer of ZrP. Zn-Ce@ZrPs showed excellent synergistic antibacterial activity. When Zn2+/Ce3+ atomic ratio was 0.6, the Zn-Ce@ZrP3 showed the highest synergistic antibacterial efficiency, suggesting great potential application as antibacterial agents in microbial control.     

γ-射线辐照对聚丙烯纤维及非织造布性能的影响

研究了在室温下、空气中γ射线辐照对聚丙烯纤维及非织造布性能的影响。发现辐照对聚丙烯非织造布力学性能的影响很大,但在辐照剂量低于9 kGy 时,其力学性能下降不大;辐照聚丙烯纤维的FTIR 的结果表明有过氧化物形成;W AXD,DSC分析了辐照前后聚丙烯纤维晶体结构的变化     

聚丙烯纤维与4-乙烯基吡啶辐射接枝研究

采用~(60)Coν射线共辐照接枝法,研究了聚丙烯(PP)纤维与4-乙烯基吡啶(4-VP)在甲醇中的接枝共聚反应。讨论了剂量率、辐照时间、单体浓度、阻聚剂以及无机酸对接枝反应的影响。实验获得的接枝共聚物,其亲水性和染色性有明显的改善。     

银-铈/沸石型复合抗菌剂的结构及抗菌活性

将银离子和铈离子交换至沸石中得到新型复合抗菌剂，采用XRD、XPS和TEM方法分析了它的结构形态，并研究了其抗菌性能和耐光性能。对含银和铈的量分别为3．2wt％和1．9wt％的4^#样品的结构分析结果表明：离子交换反应对沸石的晶体结构没有明显影响，但使它的晶面距增加；热处理温度在700℃以下对复合抗菌剂的晶体结构没有影响；复合抗菌剂大小均匀，呈八面体结构；抗菌活性组分银和铈在样品中以离子态存在。抗菌活性的评价结果表明，复合抗菌剂中的银和铈表现出协同抗菌作用，4^#样品对E．coli和S．aereus的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为100mg·L^-1和300mg·L^-1。4^#复合抗菌剂还具有优良的光稳定性。     

Structure and antibacterial activity of new layered perovskite compounds

New layered perovskite compounds, AgxNa（2-x）La2Ti3O10（x=0.2, 0.3 and 0.5） were synthesized by an ion-exchange reaction of Na2La2Ti3O10 with AgNO3 solution and characterized by energy dispersive X-ray analysis（EDX）, X-ray diffractometly（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. The ion-exchange processes were optimized, and the antibacterial activity, light permanency and water-resistance were evaluated. Surprisedly, no significant changes in crystal structure of Na2La2Ti3O10 are found by the exchange of silver ions. The Ago.3Na1.7La2Ti3O10 particles conglomerate obviously with irregular shape and size. Ago.3Na1.7La2Ti3O10, possessing the minimum inhibitory concentrations（MICs） against Escherichia coli （E. coli）, Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） of 180 mg/L and 240 mg/L, has high antibacterial activity, good light permanency and water-resistance. The ionic state silver in AgxNa（2-x）La2Ti3O10 is the antibacterial active component.     

Preparation and characterization of antibacterial Zn<Superscript>2+</Superscript>-exchanged montmorillonites

Zn-montmorillonites(Zn-MMTs) as antibacterial compounds were prepared by an ion-exchange reaction. The reaction time, initial pH value and molar ratios of CEC influencing zinc content in Zn-MMTs were investigated, and Zn-MMTs were characterized by means of EDX, XRD, XPS, and SEM. The results of bacterial growth tests were confirmed by determination of the minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). The experimental results show that the zinc is confirmed as bivalent zinc state, the d ₀₀₁ basal spacing of Zn-MMTs is enlarged with the enhancement of the zinc content, and the particles of Zn-MMTs are formed with irregular shape. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of Zn-MMTs increases with increasing the zinc content, and Zn-MMT-3 containing 6.76 mass% of zinc exhibits optimum antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The intercalated zinc ions act as very effective antibacterial substances in the long term.     

Thermal stability and long-acting antibacterial activity of phosphonium montmorillonites

Na-montruorillonite (Na-MMT) was exchanged with three quaternary alkylphosphonium salts:decyl tributylphosphonium bromide (DTBPBr), dodecyl tributylphosphonium bromide (DDTBPBr) and hexadecyl tributylphosphonium bromide (HDTBPBr), to investigate the effects of phosphonium salts species and relative molecular mass on the characteristics, morphology, thermal stability and long-acting antibacterial property of phosphonium montmorillonites. The resulting modified montmorillonites were characterized by the FTIR, XRD, TEM, and TG/DTG techniques. And minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was used to investigate antibacterial activity. The results show that the phosphonium salts are intercalated into Na-MMT, and the basal spacing of P-MMTs is enlarged with the increase of phosphonium salt content or the growth of alkyl chain length. DDTBP-MMT-3 with 19.83% (mass fraction) of dodecyl tributylphosphonium salts, displays excellent thermal stability and long-acting antibacterial activity.