Marangoni效应与降膜传递过程

M arangon i效应在降膜传热、传质过程中广泛存在,并对这些过程有着显著影响。人们对M arangon i效应进行过大量的理论和实验研究。初步总结了近年来关于M arangon i效应的研究工作,并对其中的热点问题进行分析,进而展望了未来关于M arangon i效应的研究趋势。     

离子液体催化酯化反应的研究进展

综述了近年来离子液体作为一种绿色催化剂在酯化反应中的应用研究进展,指出了目前离子液体催化酯化中存在的问题,并给出了解决这些问题的方法和建议。     

节能型新结构塔板的研究与开发(Ⅱ)母子菱形浮阀塔板的研发

在非平衡热力学节能分析的基础上,构思设计了一种节能型新结构塔板--母子菱形浮阀塔板.通过在直径为1 000 mm的中试装置上的流体力学试验和氧解析试验表明,与F1型浮阀、筛板、导向浮阀等其他塔板相比,新结构的母子菱形浮阀塔板在通量、效率和节能等多方面具有明显的优势.     

多元渗透维里方程通式的表达：双水相系统的液液平衡计算

提出了基于三元系修正Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ模型的多元渗透维里方程通式，并应用于双水相系统液液平衡性质的关联和预测，用汽液平衡数据关联模型参数，预测了聚乙二醇／硫酸镁双水相系统的液液平衡；用汽液平衡数据和尽可能少的液液平衡数据关联模型参数。同时预测了焦点或不含电解质的ＰＥＧ／葡萄糖双水相系统的液液平衡和ＫＣｌ电解质在ＰＥＧ／ＤＥＸ系统中的分配系数。计算结果表明，模型有较好的预测功能。     

咪唑类离子液体混合物用于二氧化硫高效吸收

开发易制备、价格便宜、面向SO₂气体高效分离的离子液体(ILs),是当前ILs从实验探索迈向工业应用的难点与重大挑战。合成了不同摩尔比(3∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶2和1∶3)的1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Emim][Cl])和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑乙酸盐([Emim][OAc])的离子液体混合物[Emim][Cl]x[OAc]1-x,在测定其密度、黏度、热稳定性等基本物性数据的基础上,研究了[Emim][Cl]x[OAc]1-x混合物在不同温度和SO₂分压下的SO₂吸收能力。结果表明,[Emim][Cl]x[OAc]1-x能够有效地捕获SO₂。[Emim][Cl]与[Emim][OAc]之间存在协同促进作用,有利于实现SO₂高效吸收。[Emim][Cl]0.33[OAc]0.66混合液在1.0和0.2 atm(1 atm=101325 Pa)下捕获SO₂量分别为(1.34±0.08)和(0.74±0.05) g/g,与现有结果相比,混合物在SO     

醋酸丁酯催化反应精馏技术进展

一、引言醋酸正丁酯产品是一种基本化工原料,作为重要的有机溶剂广泛应用于各行业。目前国内生产醋酸丁酯基本都采用以醋酸及丁醇为原料、浓硫酸或     

MDEA-二元羧酸离子液体溶液吸收/解吸SO2性能

设计合成了三类N-甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）-二元羧酸离子液体水溶液,研究了它们的物理性质和SO₂吸收容量。结果表明：MDEA/有机酸的摩尔比及阴离子种类是影响吸收容量的主要原因。碱酸摩尔比越高,离子液体吸收能力越强,解吸能力越差且解吸时间也越长。此外,不同阴离子的离子液体溶液吸收SO₂的容量有如下关系：MDEA-丁二酸>MDEA-戊二酸>MDEA-苹果酸。对于MDEA-戊二酸和MDEA-苹果酸离子液体溶液,最具工业化应用前景的碱酸摩尔比分别为1.2：1和1.4：1。     

利用石英晶体微量天平测定紫杉醇在二氧化碳中的溶解度

A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is used to determine the phase equilibrium of paclitaxel-carbon dioxide system in the pressure range of 0-11 MPa and at temperatures of 35 °C,40 °C and 45 °C.The experimental results indicated that gaseous CO2 could be absorbed poorly into paclitaxel.The swelling of paclitaxel film in CO2 was observed before paclitaxel dissolved into supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) with the increase of pressure.It was found that ScCO2 was not a good solvent for paclitaxel.The mole fraction of paclitaxel in ScCO2 was in the range of (4.5×10-9)-(7.8×10-9) under all our experimental conditions.Therefore,a much higher pressure than the CO2 supercritical point and/or a cosolvent must be used in any processes wherever paclitaxel dissolution in ScCO2 is required.     

二氧化硫和二氧化碳在离子液体支撑液膜中的渗透率和选择性

Permeabilities and selectivities of gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen (N2) and methane (CH4) in six imidazolium-based ionic liquids ([emim][BF4], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], [hmim][BF4], [bmim][Tf2N] and [emim][CF3SO3]) supported on polyethersulfone microfiltration membranes are investigated in a single gas feed system using nitrogen as the environment and reference component at temperature from 25 to 45ºC and pressure of N2 from 100 to 400 kPa. It is found that SO2 has the highest permeability in the tested supported ionic liquid membranes, being an order of magnitude higher than that of CO2, and about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than those of N2 and CH4. The observed selectivity of SO2 over the two ordinary gas components is also striking. It is shown experimentally that the dissolution and transport of gas components in the supported ionic liq-uid membranes, as well as the nature of ionic liquids play important roles in the gas permeation. A nonlinear in-crease of permeation rate with temperature and operation pressure is also observed for all sample gases. By considering the factors that influence the permeabilities and selectivities of CO2 and SO2, it is expected to develop an optimal supported ionic liquid membrane technology for the isolation of acidic gases in the near future.