The NLS and FWI approximation make wrong predictions for the water wave problem in case of small surface tension

In has been shown in [5] that the NLS approximation makes wrong predictions for the water wave problem in case of small surface tension. We explain that the ideas used in [5] allow to show a similar result for the FWI approximation, too. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Structure Elucidation and Biological Screening of Bis(4-{[(E)-(2-Hydroxybenzylidene)amino]methyl}-cyclohexane-carboxylato-O)-triaqua-cadmium

Using a bidentate ligand, a Schiff base 4-({[(Z)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methyldene]amino}methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, complex I(ML2, where M = Cd(Ⅱ)) was synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group C2/c, M_r = 685.04, 0.34 mm × 0.26 mm × 0.14 mm, a = 54.050(3), b = 6.1220(3), c = 9.5081(5) ?, β = 90.229(2)°, Z = 4, C_(30) H_(40) CdN_2 O_9 and V = 3146.2(3) ?~3. Complex I was screened for its bactericidal activity against four bacterial strains Chromohalobactersalexigens, Chromohalobacterisraelensis, Halomonashalofila and Halomonassalina and fungicidal activity against Aspergillusnigerand Aspergillusflavus. Antimicrobial activity results showed that the synthesized complex displayed good anti-fungal activity against two fungal strains. It was found to be inactive against four different bacterial strains analyzed and was negative for bactericidal effect.     

Detailed investigation of optimized alkali catalyzed transesterification of Jatropha oil for biodiesel production

The non-edible oils are believed to be one of the major feedstock for the production of biodiesel in future.In the present study,we investigated the production of Jatropha oil methyl esters(JOMEs) via alkali-catalyzed transesterification route.The biophysical characteristics of Jatropha oil were found within the optimal range in accordance with ASTM standards as a substitute diesel fuel.The chemical composition and production yield of as-synthesized biodiesel were confirmed by various analytical techniques such as FT-IR,1H NMR,13 C NMR and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.A high percentage conversion,～96.09%,of fatty acids into esters was achieved under optimized transesterification conditions with 6 :1 oil to methanol ratio and 0.9 wt% Na OH for 50 min at ～60°C.Moreover,twelve fatty acids methyl esters(FAME) were quantified in the GC/MS analysis and it was interesting to note that the mass fragmentation pattern of saturated,monounsaturated and diunsaturated FAME was comparable with the literature reported values.     

3-Methyl-2-(phenylsulfonamido)butanoic Acid and Its Metal Complexes: Synthesis,Crystal Structure,Antimicrobial, and Enzyme Inhibition Activity

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - In this study sulfonamide ligand, 3-methyl-2-(phenylsulfonamido)butanoic acid, has been synthesized and introduced in complexation with metals Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni,...     

An Unusual Diorganotin Bis-carboxylate Structure: catena-{(μ2-2-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzoato-O,O′)dibutyltin(IV)}

Abstract  

The structure of n-Bu₂Sn(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzoato)₂ (1) presents a rare structural motif for compounds with the general formula R ₂Sn(O₂CR′)₂ which almost exclusively adopt skew-trapezoidal bipyramidal geometries. By contrast, the structure of (1) is polymeric with the polymer backbone comprising eight-membered {SnOCO}₂ rings linked at the pivotal tin atoms. The coordination geometry is octahedral trans-C₂O₄. The relationship between structural motifs for R ₂Sn(O₂CR′)₂ is discussed. Compound (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 5.0114(2) ?, b = 13.7120(5) ?, c = 19.5956(7) ?, β = 91.385(2)o, and Z = 2.     

The Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Tert‐butyl Ether Under Pd/ZnO and Visible Light Irradiation

Methyl tert‐butyl ether is a commonly used fuel oxygenate that is present in gasoline. It was introduced to eliminate the use of leaded gasoline and to improve the octane quality because it aids in the complete combustion of fuel by supplying oxygen during the combustion process. Over the past decade, the use of MTBE has increased tremendously worldwide. For obvious reasons relating to accidental spillage, MTBE started to appear as an environmental and human health threat because of its nonbiodegradable nature and carcinogenic potential, respectively. In this work, MTBE was degraded with the help of an advanced oxidation process through the use of zinc oxide as a photocatalyst in the presence of visible light. A mixture of 200 mg of zinc oxide in 350 mL of 50 ppm MTBE aqueous solution was irradiated with visible light for a given time. The complete degradation of MTBE was recorded, and approximately 99% photocatalytic degradation of 100 ppm MTBE solution was observed. Additionally, the photoactivity of 1% Pd‐doped ZnO was tested under similar conditions to understand the effect of Pd doping on ZnO. Our results obtained under visible light irradiation are very promising, and they could be further explored for the degradation of several nondegradable environmental pollutants.     

Kinetics for the Removal of Paraquat Dichloride from Aqueous Solution by Activated Date (Phoenix dactylifera) Stone Carbon

For the adsorption of Paraquat dichloride (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridyl dichloride) from synthetic aqueous solutions, batch experiments were carried out to study the kinetics of Paraquat dichloride onto calcium oxide activated date (Phoenix dactylifera) stone carbon powder (particle size dia. about 0.85 mm). Studies were conducted at various initial concentrations of 75 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 125 mg/L of Paraquat dichloride with 8.0 g/L of adsorbent dose. The equilibrium time was found to be 140 minutes. Maximum removal was observed at pH 9.0. The regression analysis for the experimental data showed that the removal kinetic profiles followed a pseudo-second order kinetic models for all initial concentrations, pH, temperature, and salinity of sorbate. The experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameters, such as standard change in Gibbs free energy, standard change in enthalpy, and standard change in entropy, were evaluated, indicating that the overall adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous in nature.