引力波探测中的被动隔振系统

介绍了引力波探测实验中的被动隔振系统的基本原理和研究现状,讨论其性能及特点.低频被动隔振系统,如七级气体弹簧隔振系统,多级隔振堆,四级悬臂弹簧隔振系统以及三级弯曲弹簧隔振系统在10Hz以上,都具有好的隔振性能;倒摆、折叠摆、 X摆和锥摆等超低频水平隔振系统实现了几十秒的共振周期;建立在对称扭杆弹簧系统基础上,构思新颖的被动垂直隔振系统克服了传统被动垂直隔振系统无法解决的困难,实现了超低频被动垂直隔振.      

飞机撞击建(构)筑物研究进展

飞机撞击重要建(构)筑物会导致灾难性后果。本文从试验研究、理论分析、数值模拟等3个方面对飞机撞击建(构)筑物的国内外研究现状,相关研究难点、需要注意的问题和研究方向及趋势进行总结,包括:缩比试验的系统和验证,飞机撞击力模型,撞击所致局部破坏计算公式,飞机和建(构)筑物的精细化建模,撞击所致振动特性,撞击荷载和火荷载对结构的耦合毁伤效应,一般模型和精细化模型、解耦和耦合方法以及不同数值模拟程序计算结果的对比分析等方面,以期为后续研究提供参考。     

蒙特卡罗模拟四极阱中原子的参变激发

在中性原子的磁囚禁实验中,磁阱线圈的电流噪声会激发磁阱中的原子运动,势必对原子团的温度和寿命产生不可忽视的影响。对于非简谐阱,这种激发具有能量选择特性,它又取决于电流噪声的频谱分布。选择了实验中常用的四极阱为研究对象,用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法来模拟四极阱中原子运动的参变激发现象,得到了原子温度与原子数损失随激发频率的变化关系,并进一步计算了两个共振峰处原子温度随调制时间和调制深度的变化曲线。此外,还研究了弹性碰撞速率对参变激发过程中原子温度上升的影响。这些结果对四极阱参变激发的实验有较好的参考价值。     

用于地基望远镜的高分辨率倾斜镜设计

根据多镜面地基望远镜在近红外实现共相衍射极限成像的需求,提出了一种基于压电堆栈致动器的高分辨率倾斜镜设计方案。该方案以哑铃型柔性铰链和菱形位移缩小结构(RADS)作为倾斜镜的运动传递元件,压电堆栈致动器(PSA)作为动力元件,并使用电涡流传感器作为角度测量部件。介绍了高分辨倾斜镜的工作原理,并对哑铃型柔性铰链和菱形位移缩小结构进行设计。柔性铰链和位移缩小结构的关键结构参数均采用理论计算、实验和仿真进行优化。建立倾斜镜模型,利用理论计算和有限元仿真软件分别计算倾斜镜的倾斜角度和分辨率。实验结果表明：设计的倾斜镜角度分辨率达到0.017″,最大倾斜角度为14.6″,谐振频率为136.97 Hz,与有限元仿真结果相吻合,满足地基望远镜系统衍射极限成像的要求。     

液体薄层中的超声空化*

液体薄层中的超声空化,因其边界及所处空间的特殊性,而呈现出非常独特的空化结构和演化行为,在超声清洗、超声钎焊、表面处理、近场声悬浮、超声化学等领域都有所应用。该文梳理了近几年该课题组在液体薄层中的超声空化研究中的一些成果,力图揭示液体薄层内空泡、空化云、空化场的运动和分布规律,及其产生、发展和演化过程,以期对液体薄层中的超声空化行为有一个相对清晰和完整的认识。     

Synthesis and two-photon optical characterization of D-π-D type Schiff bases

The title compounds, several Schiff bases with D-π-D type have been successfully synthesized from reaction of 4-(N-dialkylamino) benzaldehyde and hydrazine or p-phenylenediamine in ethanol. These compounds were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, elemental analysis and electronspray mass spectrometry. One-photon fluorescence and two-photon fluorescence properties have been investigated. The two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section (σ) of these compounds was obtained by using the open-aperture Z-scan technique. Based on theoretical calculations and factual test, the influence that a series of substituted groups and the conjugated frame imposed on TPA cross section were systematically discussed.     

High performance of N,P co-doped metal-free carbon catalyst derived from ionic liquid for oxygen reduction reaction

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - One-pot strategy to fabricate N, P co-doping carbon was developed based on the functional ionic liquid (IL) as the N, P, and C precursors. The IL featuring...     

Aromatic amine‐terminated polysulfide oligomer: Synthesis and application in self‐healable polyurea

The dynamic chemistry of disulfide bonds has emerged as one of the most powerful tools used for the fabrication of organic compounds and self‐healing materials. In this article, a novel aromatic amine‐terminated polysulfide oligomer is first synthesized from thiol‐terminated polysulfide oligomer and bis(4‐aminophenyl) disulfide via disulfide metathesis mechanism. The resulting oligomer is confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR spectra and then successfully applied in constructing self‐healable polyurea material (A‐LP23‐I), which combines the advantages of higher strength of polyureas and excellent self‐healing ability of polysulfide‐based materials. After subjecting to a temperature of 75 °C for 48 h, both the tensile strength and ultimate elongation of A‐LP23‐I restore to more than 90% of the original values (3.32 MPa and 396%). This study demonstrates a novel strategy for synthesizing aromatic amine‐terminated oligomer. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1460–1466     

Planar AIEgens with Enhanced Solid-State Luminescence and ROS Generation for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Treatment

Planar luminogens have encountered difficulties in overcoming intrinsic aggregation-caused emission quenching by intermolecular π-π stacking interactions. Although excited-state double-bond reorganization (ESDBR) can guide us on designing planar aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens (AIEgens), its mechanism has yet been elucidated. Major challenges in the field include methods to efficiently restrict ESDBR and enhance AIE performance without using bulky substituents (e.g., tetraphenylethylene and triphenylamine). In this study, we rationally developed fluoro-substituent AIEgens with stronger intermolecular H-bonding interaction for restricted molecular motions and increased crystal density, leading to decreased nonradiative decay rate by one order of magnitude. The adjusted ESDBR properties also show a corresponding response to variation in viscosity. Furthermore, their aggregation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generations have been discovered. The application of such planar AIEgen in treating multidrug-resistant bacteria has been demonstrated in a mouse model. The relationship between ROS generation and distinct E/Z-configurational stacking behaviors have been further understood, providing a design principle for synthesizing planar AIEgen-based photosensitizers.     

Copper(I)-catalyzed synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted isoindolin-1-ones from enamides via cascade radical addition and cyclization

Copper(I) catalyzed radical benzylation and cyclization reaction of tertiary enamides was investigated and 3,3-disubstituted N-Alkyl isoindolin-1-ones were obtained in moderate to good yields. In this reaction, two new C–C bonds were formed in one step with high atom economy. Possible reaction pathway for the formation of the products was also discussed in this paper.