谐波减速器黏着磨损失效加速寿命模型研究

针对空间润滑谐波减速器黏着磨损失效的加速寿命试验方法问题,首先基于Johnson-Williamson的粗糙表面接触模型建立了混合润滑状态下的黏着磨损模型,模型表明磨损速率主要由粗糙表面微凸体接触承担的载荷比例决定.然后,对磨损部位进行考虑粗糙表面真实形貌与润滑剂流变特性的混合润滑数值分析表明,转速与载荷对微观界面接触与润滑分布状态的影响显著,温度的影响有限,因此传统提高转速并升高温度以保持油膜厚度一致的加速寿命试验方法已不适用.最后以增大转速、载荷并保持或增大混合润滑状态下微凸体接触承担的载荷为加速寿命试验准则,以微凸体承担载荷为加速应力建立了黏着磨损的加速寿命模型,并以不同工况的加速寿命试验与寿命分布统计对其准确性进行了验证.     

有机硅改性席夫碱聚氨酯型液晶固定相的制备、表征及色谱性能

以对苯二胺、3-氯丙醇和4-羟基苯甲醛为原料,合成对苯二(对苯丙氧基醇)亚胺液晶基元,再与对苯二异氰酸酯和1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)四甲基二硅氧烷反应,合成席夫碱型硅氧烷聚氨酯液晶聚合物。 通过红外光谱法、X射线衍射、热分析、偏光显微镜等技术手段对其结构和性能进行了表征。 结果表明,该物质为席夫碱有机硅聚氨酯液晶聚合物,属于近晶相液晶,液晶区间为103~150 ℃,热分解温度为300 ℃。 用席夫碱型硅氧烷聚氨酯液晶固定相制备填充色谱柱,考察固定液的相对极性及其对取代苯位置异构体的色谱分离性能。 合成的席夫碱型硅氧烷聚氨酯液晶聚合物的液晶温度范围为103~146 ℃,属于强极性固定液(P_x=79),各组分色谱峰的分离度为0.96~3.33。     

Turning the Tap: Conformational Control of Quantum Interference to Modulate Single‐Molecule Conductance

Together with the more intuitive and commonly recognized conductance mechanisms of charge‐hopping and tunneling, quantum‐interference (QI) phenomena have been identified as important factors affecting charge transport through molecules. Consequently, establishing simple and flexible molecular‐design strategies to understand, control, and exploit QI in molecular junctions poses an exciting challenge. Here we demonstrate that destructive quantum interference (DQI) in meta‐substituted phenylene ethylene‐type oligomers (m‐OPE) can be tuned by changing the position and conformation of methoxy (OMe) substituents at the central phenylene ring. These substituents play the role of molecular‐scale taps, which can be switched on or off to control the current flow through a molecule. Our experimental results conclusively verify recently postulated magic‐ratio and orbital‐product rules, and highlight a novel chemical design strategy for tuning and gating DQI features to create single‐molecule devices with desirable electronic functions.     

Stabilizing the Oxygen Lattice and Reversible Oxygen Redox Chemistry through Structural Dimensionality in Lithium‐Rich Cathode Oxides

Lattice‐oxygen redox (l‐OR) has become an essential companion to the traditional transition‐metal (TM) redox charge compensation to achieve high capacity in Li‐rich cathode oxides. However, the understanding of l‐OR chemistry remains elusive, and a critical question is the structural effect on the stability of l‐OR reactions. Herein, the coupling between l‐OR and structure dimensionality is studied. We reveal that the evolution of the oxygen‐lattice structure upon l‐OR in Li‐rich TM oxides which have a three‐dimensional (3D)‐disordered cation framework is relatively stable, which is in direct contrast to the clearly distorted oxygen‐lattice framework in Li‐rich oxides which have a two‐dimensional (2D)/3D‐ordered cation structure. Our results highlight the role of structure dimensionality in stabilizing the oxygen lattice in reversible l‐OR, which broadens the horizon for designing high‐energy‐density Li‐rich cathode oxides with stable l‐OR chemistry.     

ZnO nanoparticles anchored on nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene sheets for lithium-ion batteries applications

Herein, we demonstrate a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis route to anchor ZnO nanoparticles on nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene sheets. The detailed material and electrochemical characterization have been carried out to demonstrate the potential of novel ZnO/NSG nanocomposite in Li-ion battery (LIBs) applications. The structure and morphology of nanocomposite were assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The as-synthesized ZnO/NSG nanocomposite has been studied as anode material in LIBs and delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 1723 mAh g^?1, at the current density of 200 mA g^?1. After 100 cycles, the ZnO/NSG nanocomposites demonstrated a high reversible capacity of 720 mAh g^?1 and coulombic efficiency of 99.8%, which can be attributed to the porous three-dimensional network, constructed by ZnO nanoparticles and nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene. Moreover, the designed nanocomposite has shown excellent rate capability and lower charge transfer resistance. These results are promising and encourage further research in the area of ZnO-based anodes for next-generation LIBs.     

Simultaneous determination of multiveterinary drug residues in pork meat by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry combined with solid phase extraction

An LC‐MS/MS method developed for simultaneous analysis of 54 veterinary drug residues of six families in pork meat samples, including sulfanilamide, nitroimidazoles, quinolones, macrolide antibiotics, lincosamides, and praziquantel. The pork meat sample was prepared by extraction with ACN, and clean‐up on a C₁₈ SPE cartridge. The sample was separated on a C₈ column and eluted with ACN, methanol, and formic acid. The MS/MS detector is operated in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, acquiring two specific precursor‐product ion transitions per target compound. The method showed excellent linearity (R² ≥ 0.99) and high precision (relative SD, RSD ≤ 19.8%) for all compounds. The method quantification limits of 54 veterinary drug residues were in the range of 0.3–3.0 μg/kg. Recoveries for most analytes based on matrix‐matched calibration in matrices were 20.9–121.0%. This method has been successfully applied for analysis of more than 100 pork meat samples from the local market; five of the 54 drugs were detected.     

Effect of Coordination on the Glucose‐Responsiveness of PEG‐b‐(PAA‐co‐PAAPBA) Micelles

Poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(acrylic acid) (PEG‐PAA) is modified by 3‐aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) with different modification degrees, such as PEG₁₁₄‐b‐(PAA_0.37‐co‐PAAPBA_0.63)₁₇₀, PEG₁₁₄‐b‐(PAA_0.23‐co‐PAAPBA_0.77)₁₇₀ and PEG₁₁₄‐b‐(PAA_0.02‐co‐PAAPBA_0.98)₁₇₀. Micelles self‐assembled from these three copolymers possess glucose‐responsiveness at varying pH values. Micelles self‐assembled from PEG₁₁₄‐b‐(PAA_0.37‐co‐PAAPBA_0.63)₁₇₀ have glucose‐responsiveness at the physiological pH (7.4), endowing them with potential applications in the treatment of diabetes. ¹¹B magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (¹¹B MAS NMR) analysis indicates that interactions between PAAPBA segments and PAA segments induce boron changes from the trigonal planar form to the tetrahedral form, resulting in glucose‐responsiveness of PEG₁₁₄‐b‐(PAA_0.37‐co‐PAAPBA_0.63)₁₇₀ micelles at pH 7.4.

     

Sensitive electrochemical monitoring of nucleic acids coupling DNA nanostructures with hybridization chain reaction

Methods based on metal nanotags have been developed for metallobioassay of nucleic acids, but most involve complicated labeling or stripping procedures and are unsuitable for routine use. Herein, we report the proof-of-concept of a novel and label-free metallobioassay for ultrasensitive electronic determination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related gene fragments at an ultralow concentration based on target-triggered long-range self-assembled DNA nanostructures and DNA-based hybridization chain reaction (HCR). The signal is amplified by silver nanotags on the DNA duplex. The assay mainly consists of capture probe, detection probe, and two different DNA hairpins. In the presence of target DNA, the capture probe immobilized on the sensor sandwiches target DNA with the 3′ end of detection probe. Another exposed part of detection probe at the 5′ end opens two alternating DNA hairpins in turn, and propagates a chain reaction of hybridization events to form a nicked double-helix. Finally, numerous silver nanotags are immobilized onto the long-range DNA nanostructures, each of which produces a strong electronic signal within the applied potentials. Under optimal conditions, the target-triggered long-range DNA nanostructures present good electrochemical behaviors for the detection of HIV DNA at a concentration as low as 0.5 fM. Importantly, the outstanding sensitivity can make this approach a promising scheme for development of next-generation DNA sensors without the need of enzyme labeling or fluorophore labeling.     

关于超越系数的Riccati方程亚纯解的增长性

该文讨论了Riccati方程亚纳解的增长性问题，证明了我们曾给出的解的高阶增长级的上界稍加修改后即为一种最佳上界