Label-free in vivo flow cytometry in zebrafish using two-photon autofluorescence imaging

We demonstrate a label-free in vivo flow cytometry in zebrafish blood vessels based on two-photon excited autofluorescence imaging. The major discovery in this work is the strong autofluorescence emission from the plasma in zebrafish blood. The plasma autofluorescence provides excellent contrast for visualizing blood vessels and counting blood cells. In addition, the cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide autofluorescence enables in vivo imaging and counting of white blood cells (neutrophils).     

Fluorocarbon-bonded magnetic mesoporous microspheres for the analysis of perfluorinated compounds in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry

We report herein an extraction method for the analysis of perfluorinated compounds in human serum based on magnetic core–mesoporous shell microspheres with decyl-perfluorinated interior pore-walls (Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂-F₁₇). Thanks to the unique properties of the Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂-F₁₇ microspheres, macromolecules like proteins could be easily excluded from the mesoporous channels due to size exclusion effect, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in protein-rich biosamples such as serum could thus be directly extracted with the fluorocarbon modified on the channel wall without any other pretreatment procedure. The PFCs adsorbed Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂-F₁₇ microspheres could then be simply and rapidly isolated by using a magnet, followed by being identified and quantified by LC–MS/MS (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry). Five perfluorinatedcarboxylic acids (C6, C8–C11) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were selected as model analytes. In order to achieve the best extraction efficiency, some important factors including the amount of Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂-F₁₇ microspheres added, adsorption time, type of elution solvent, eluting solvent volume and elution time were investigated. The ranges of the LOD were 0.02–0.05 ng mL⁻¹ for the six PFCs. The recovery of the optimized method varies from 83.13% to 92.42% for human serum samples.     

High‐Efficiency Encapsulation of Pt Nanoparticles into the Channel of Carbon Nanotubes as an Enhanced Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation

Pt‐based nanostructures serving as anode catalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) have been widely studied for many years. Nevertheless, challenging issues such as poor reaction kinetics and the short‐term stability of the MOR are the main drawbacks of such catalysts and limit their applications. Herein, we have developed a facile approach to encapsulate Pt nanoparticles (NPs) inside the nanochannels of porous carbon nanotubes (CNTs; Pt‐in‐CNTs) as a new enhanced electrocatalytic material. The as‐prepared CNTs offer simultaneously ordered diffusion channels for ions and a confinement effect for the NPs, which both facilitate the promotion of catalytic kinetics and avoid the Ostwald ripening of Pt NPs, thus leading to high activity and durable cycle life as an anode catalyst for MOR. This work provides a new approach for enhancing the stability and activity by optimizing the structure of the catalyst, and the Pt‐in‐CNTs represent the most durable catalysts ever reported for MOR.     

太阳能驱动Ni-N掺杂多孔碳高效电催化还原CO2为CO

利用可再生能源将二氧化碳(CO2)电催化还原为有价值的化学品和燃料,不仅可缓解温室效应,而且可实现碳资源的循环利用。以蛋白胨与盐形成的凝胶为原料,经高温热解后制备了用于电还原CO2的Ni-N掺杂碳多孔催化剂。该催化剂表现出优异的电催化还原CO2为CO的性能,在电压为-0.66 V(vs.RHE)下,CO的法拉第效率为92.0%,过电位为550 mV,还原电流密度为2.5 mA·cm-2。该催化剂优异的CO2的电催化活性归因于其存在的Ni-N活性位点和高度多孔的结构。此外,利用太阳能电池产生的电能,该催化剂可持续进行CO2电催化还原为CO,为CO2的资源化利用提供了有价值的参考。     

The anticancer drug cisplatin can cross-link the interdomain zinc site on human albumin

Cisplatin, cis-[Pt(Cl(2)(NH(3))(2)], can crosslink residues His67 of domain I and His247 of domain II in human albumin, occupying the major binding site for the essential metal zinc on the protein.     

Two-photon excited hemoglobin fluorescence provides contrast mechanism for label-free imaging of microvasculature in vivo

Direct visualization of microvasculature provides significant insights in microcirculation and critically impacts the diagnosis and treatment of microcirculatory diseases. Recently, we discovered that the high-energy Soret fluorescence of hemoglobin peaked at 438?nm with an extremely short lifetime becomes strongly visible under two-photon excitation. Based on the distinct spectral and temporal characteristics of hemoglobin fluorescence, we demonstrated that two-photon fluorescence microscopy could become a powerful tool for label-free in vivo imaging of microvasculature in tissue.     

Electron inducing soft errors in 28 nm system-on-Chip

ABSTRACT

The 28?nm system-on-chip (SoC) was irradiated by 12?MeV electron at the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) for the first time. Soft errors in the on-chip memory (OCM), D-Cache, Register and BRAM blocks were investigated. The obtained device cross sections are almost in the range of 10^?13 cm² to 10^?11 cm² for the blocks. The results demonstrate that electron fluence per pulse and the corresponding prompt dose rates have no influence on the soft errors in 28?nm SoC. The discrepancy was analyzed between proton and electron inducing soft errors in D-Cache and BRAM blocks, too. The secondary electron is considered as the dominant reason for soft errors caused by 12?MeV electron in 28?nm SoC.     

Rational Construction of 2D Fe3O4@Carbon Core–Shell Nanosheets as Advanced Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Half/Full Cells

Transition metal oxides have vastly limited practical application as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their rapid capacity decay. Here, a versatile strategy to mitigate the volume expansion and low conductivity of Fe₃O₄ by coating a thin carbon layer on the surface of Fe₃O₄ nanosheets (NSs) was employed. Owing to the 2D core–shell structure, the Fe₃O₄@C NSs exhibit significantly improved rate performance and cycle capability compared with bare Fe₃O₄ NSs. After 200 cycles, the discharge capacity at 0.5 A g⁻¹ was 963 mA h g⁻¹ (93 % retained). Moreover, the reaction mechanism of lithium storage was studied in detail by ex situ XRD and HRTEM. When coupled with a commercial LiFePO₄ cathode, the resulting full cell retains a capacity of 133 mA h g⁻¹ after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹, which demonstrates its superior energy storage performance. This work provides guidance for constructing 2D metal oxide/carbon composites with high performance and low cost for the field of energy storage.     

Projective synchronization of a class of complex network based on high-order sliding mode control

Projective synchronization of a class of complex networks is investigated using second-order sliding mode control. The sliding surface and the control input are designed based on stability theory. The Burgers system with spatiotemporal chaotic behavior in the physics domain is taken as nodes to constitute the complex network, and the Fisher–Kolmogorov system is taken as the tracking target. The artificial simulation results show that the synchronization technique is effective.     

Estimation of local scale exponents for heartbeat time series based on DFA

The paper mainly introduces a method combining detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) with moving fitting window to analyze the heartbeat time series in different pathologic states. Compared to traditional approaches, the estimation of the local scale exponent method shows more details of scale properties and provides a reliable analysis. We also quantify the effects of outliers, subseries length and gender on scale spectrum α(s). Comparing the results of the healthy subjects, patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), and patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) indicate clearly that at small scales, the exponents show great volatility and they all have their own scale pattern. In addition, the length of the series should be relatively longer to avoid properties losing. For the effect of gender, contrary to healthy results, the scale exponents of CHF male subjects are continuously greater than female. The spectrum of DFA scale exponents provides a new way to measure the heartbeat series and distinguishes healthy and pathologic groups.