Critical parameters of a micro-hotspot model of the laser-pulse initiation of the explosive decomposition of energetic materials

The work continues a series of studies of the micro-hotspot model a thermal explosion. The dependences of the critical energy fluence and the temperature of the reaction kernel in pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) on the radius of aluminum nanoparticles at half-maximum pulse durations of 10 to 150 ns are calculated. For each pulse duration, there is an optimal nanoparticle radius at which the critical energy fluence is minimal. The dependences of these parameters on the pulse duration are derived. It is shown that there is a universal relationship, independent of the pulse duration, between the normalized critical energy fluence and the nanoparticle radius.     

Synthesis,structure, and biologic activity of products of reactions between dinitrodichlorobenzofuroxane and aminopyrimidines in aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide

Reactions of 4,6-dinitro-5,7-dichlorobenzofuroxane with substituted pyrimidines in aqueous DMSO proceed through an intermediate formation of 5-hydroxy-4,6-dinitro-7-chlorobenzofuroxane owing to the hydrolysis of one of the chlorine atoms with the subsequent formation of pyrimidine salts exhibiting a high biologic action.     

A Procedure for Preparation of 2-Methylquinoline-4-carboxylic Acids

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry -     

Synthesis of bis(2-cyanoacrylates) from 2-cyanoacryloyl chloride and 2-butene- and 2-butyne-1,4-diols

The interaction of 2-cyanoacryloyl chloride with unsaturated 1,4-diols leads to bis(2-cyanoacrylates) with a double or triple C-C bond.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 779–780, April, 1995.     

Theory of retardation of magnetic domain walls in rhombic magnetic materials

We calculate the retardation of a magnetic soliton describing a magnetic domain wall by using the generalized phenomenological theory of relaxation. We show that in this theory, based on the real dynamical symmetry of magnetic materials, the dissipation function has a different structure for high and low wall velocities. Finally, we calculate the viscous force of the wall in the Walker model and show that certain features, not discussed in the literature, emerge even when the generalized theory is applied to this simple model. In particular, the dependence of the viscous friction force on the wall velocity may be highly nonlinear and regions of unstable motion may appear. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 111, 158–173 (January 1997)     

Reaction of α-cyanoacrylates with functionally substituted thiols,ethanedithiol, and hydrogen sulfide

Functionally substituted thiols, i.e., thioglycolic acid and cysteamine and cysteine hydrochlorides, facilely undergo addition at the double bond of -cyanoacrylates, forming the corresponding adducts in quantitative yields: RSCH₂CH(CN)COOR [R=CH₂COOH; CH₂CH₂NH₂·HCl; CH₂CH(COOH)NH₂·HCl]. Under similar conditions, the reaction with ethanedithiol gives the diadduct [CH₂SCH₂CH(CN)COOR]₂; the monoadduct HSCH₂CH₂SCH₂CH(CN)COOR is formed in a significantly lower yield. Hydrogen sulfide does not undergo addition to -cyanoacrylate in the absence of a catalyst; S[CH₂CH(CN)COOR]₂ is formed quantitatively in the presence of Et₃N. In the presence of triethylamine, this sulfide undergoes intramolecular cyclization (the Ziegler-Thorpe reaction) with formation of 4-amino-5-cyano-3,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)thiacyclohex-3-ene.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2816–2820, December, 1991.     

Dynamics of Domain Walls in Chiral Magnets

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - The motion of domain walls in chiral magnets with symmetry broken relative to spatial inversion is investigated theoretically. It was found...     

Low-temperature hydride reduction of (3<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>)-carvomentholactone

Low-temperature (–70°C) reduction of (3R)-carvomentholactone by diisobutylaluminum hydride in methylenechloride was studied.     

Synthesis,Structure, and Antimicrobial Activity of the Reaction Products of Chloronitro-Substituted Benzofurazanes and Benzofuroxanes with Morpholine

New amination reactions of morpholine with a series of chloronitro-substituted benzofurazanes and -furoxanes were studied. The reactions of morpholine with 5,7-dichloro-4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxane and 4-chloro-5-nitro- and 5-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazanes gave products of the aromatic nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine substituents in the nitrogenous heterocycles. The composition and structure of the products were established by chemical, physical, and physicochemical methods. The reaction of morpholine with 4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxane gave a stable Meisenheimer σ-complex, the structure of which was assessed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The synthesized compounds showed high antibacterial and antimycotic activities toward pathogenic human and animal microflora.