Sapropel-Based Carbon Mineral Materials as Catalyst Supports for Transformation of Large Organic Molecules

The research data on the preparation of nickel catalysts obtained from modified carbon mineral materials based on sapropel are given. The nature of these materials and their modification method were shown to have effect on the textural and acid–base properties of the support, as well as on the properties of prepared catalysts in model hydrotransformations of 1-methylnaphthalene and dibenzothiophene. The highest increase in the catalytic activity was found to occur after acid pretreatment of sapropel-based carbon mineral materials due to the formation of acid sites on the support surface and finely dispersed particles of supported nickel.     

Reactions of 2-arylhydrazonoacetamidoximes with orthoesters

The reactions of 2-arylhydrazono-2-carbamoylacetamidoximes with orthoesters afford either 3-arylhydrazono-1,2,4-oxadiazoles or 1,2,3-triazoles, depending on the reactant structure.     

Mobility and structure of human serum albumin powders in water-acetonitrile mixtures by1H NMR relaxation and FTIR spectroscopy

The effect of acetonitrile on protein dynamics was investigated for solid human serum albumin samples at various hydration levels. Temperature dependences of¹H nonselective nuclear magnetic resonanceT ₁ andT ₂ relaxation times at 27 MHz have been measured and data were interpreted in terms of three kinds of internal motions in the protein. Microdynamic parameters of the motions were obtained within a “model-free” approach. It was found that acetonitrile hardly affects the fast motions but noticeably influences the slow motion of side chain groups, shortening the correlation time and increasing the amplitude of the motion. The acetonitrile effect on dynamics is likely based on the appearance of additional free volume as a result of the formation of rigid helical parts in the protein structure. Water, plasticizing the protein structure, promotes the action of organic solvent. A definite part of side chain groups, slowly moving in the same frequency window as the rest of protein side chain groups, performs less constrained “liquidlike” motion. The relative population of these highly movable protons is closely correlated with the increment of the helical structure induced by water and acetonitrile.     

Synthesis and biological activities of novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives

A series of novel 2-amino-1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS or elemental analysis. Biological activities of all title compounds including fungicidal activity and antivirus activity were evaluated systematically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good fungicidal activity at 50 μg/mL, compounds 4b and 4i exhibited over 50% activity against six fungi tested. Most compounds showed good activity against TMV with different models in vivo at 100 μg/mL. Compounds 4c and 4e stood out with high effects against TMV in vivo in all models tested, including protective, inactivative, curative, and inductive activities. These data demonstrate a new strategy for fungi and virus control.     

Hydroisomerization of benzene-containing gasoline fractions on a Pt/SO<Stack><Subscript>4</Subscript><Superscript>2−</Superscript></Stack>-ZrO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> catalyst: III. The hydrogenating properties of the catalyst

The properties and state of platinum in Pt/SO₄²⁻-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃ catalysts with various alumina contents have been investigated in benzene hydrogenation as a model reaction using IR spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, and H₂ chemisorption. As the Al₂O₃ content is raised, the hydrogenating activity of the catalyst increases, which is due to the increasing proportion of metallic platinum on the surface.     

Internal dynamics and hydration of solid proteins by1H NMR relaxation and FTIR spectroscopy

Temperature dependences of¹H nonselective nuclear magnetic resonanceT ₁ andT ₂ relaxation times measured at 27 MHz have been studied on solid human serum albumin (HSA) samples at various hydrations. The data were interpreted in terms of three kinds of internal motions in a protein and microdynamic parameters of the motions were obtained by a “model-free” approach. Two fast motions with correlation times lying in the range of tens to hundreds picoseconds were shown to be essentially insensitive to hydration. Unlike lysozyme and bovine albumin, HSA reveals relaxation transition due to slow motion in the room temperature range thus allowing one to obtain microdynamic parameters more precisely. Hydration leads to a shortening of the correlation time from hundreds to tens nanoseconds and to a less restricted movement. The comparison of the hydration dependence of relaxation parameters with infrared spectra of HSA side chain groups clearly shows that methyl protons are evidently involved in a slow motion, following the saturation of the protein globule surface by water. The same dependence correlating with solvent accessible surface areas was shown to exist for some other proteins. In addition to the main set of protons performing a solidlike movement, a small amount of much more mobile protons is also present with its proportion rising steeply with hydration and temperature. The origin of these protons is discussed.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Biological Activity of N-tert-butyl-N-(4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-yl-N’-(4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-formyl-N’-3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl-diacylhydrazine

The title compound N-tert-butyl-N-(4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-yl-N'-(4-me-thyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-formyl-N'-3,5-dichloropyrid-2-yl-diacylhydrazines (C18H17Cl2N7O3S2, Mr = 514.41) has been synthesized by the reaction of N-tert-butyl-N'-3,6-dichloropyridine-2-formyl hydrazine with 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carbonyl chloride and triethylamine, and its structure was characterized by 1H NMR, HR MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal of the title compound belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 27.726(8), b = 11.045(3), c = 14.507(4), β = 96.758(4)°, Z = 8, V = 4412(2) 3, Dc = 1.549 g/cm3, μ = 0.521 mm-1, F(000) = 2112, R = 0.0405 and wR = 0.1153. X-ray analysis indicates that all rings are non-planar in this molecule. The bioassay results indicate that both the title compound and the positive control RH-5992 have weak fungicide activities, while the title compound has good insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella L. and no insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens.     

Modifying the functional cover of the γ-Al2O3 surface using organic salts of aluminum

A method is suggested for modifying the surface properties of alumina without changing its chemical composition. The sorption of aluminum complexes with organic acid ligands on the γ-Al₂O₃ surface is reported. The thermal decomposition of the adsorbed oxalate complexes yields supported aluminum oxide compounds on the surface of the initial support. This modifies the functional cover of the γ-Al₂O₃ surface, altering the proportions of different types of surface hydroxyl groups, reducing their total number, and lowering the concentration of weak Lewis acid sites.