助熔剂NaCl－CdCl2对CdS∶Cu, In结晶状态作用规律研究

发现在确定的热处理温度和时间下，随炉料中助熔剂ＮａＣｌ－ＣｄＣｌ２总含量的增加，ＣｄＳ：Ｃｕ，Ｉｎ多晶的粒度分布变窄，数均粒径具有最大值，晶粒外型趋于规整且表面平滑。进而证明，多晶的结晶状态对其光电性能具有显著的影响。     

硝酸铕与二甲基甲酰胺配合物的研究

一、配合物合成及溶解性 配合物按文献[1]的方法合成,为微红色粉末,易溶于水、DMF、DMSO、乙醚、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、氯仿,不溶于甲苯、二甲苯、CCl_4。 二、分析方法及实验条件 分析方法和实验条件同文献[1];燃烧能的测定仪器、实验条件,量热计当量计算和热交换校正,燃烧焓的换算和生成热的计算同文献[2]。 结果与讨论 一、配合物的性质 1.组成分析 元素分析实验值(％):Eu27.26,C20.07,H3.76,N14.85;计算值(％):Eu27.27,C19.40,H3.80,N15.08。 2.熔点及X-射线粉末衍射分析 配合物熔点为102.0～102.5℃;配合物及硝酸铕水合物     

硝酸钕和钐的水合物在水中溶解热的测定

本文用补偿式数字量热计测定了六水、四水硝酸钕和六水、五水硝酸钐298.15K时在水中的溶解热,求得了它们的标准生成热、相应的标准脱水焓和晶格能。     

N-苯基-N′-(1,2,3-噻二唑-5-基) 脲生成反应的热化学性质研究

N-苯基-N′-(1,2,3-噻二唑-5-基)脲(Thidiazuron[1])是一种新型细胞分裂激素,可用于水果、蔬菜、棉花等多种经济作物,改善果实品质,提高座果率.有关物质的一般合成方法和熔点已有报道[2],但热化学性质尚未见报道.本文利用微热量计测定了Thidiazuron生成反应的焓变,通过计算得到了反应的一些热动力学参数.用热化学方法得到的结果对化合物的合成工艺及性质研究提供了可靠的科学依据[3～5].     

硝酸镝水合物热分解机理的研究

有关Dy(NO_3)_3·nH_2O(n=6、5、3.5、3)水合物的热分解,文献中只有少数报道,其中有的仅给出了图谱,没有提出热分解机理;有的虽提出了热分解机理,但结果不尽相同。目前有关低水合物的热分解机理研究尚无报道。为此,我们研究了Dy(NO_3)_3·nH_2O(n=6、5、3.5、3)的热分解过程,用Kissinger法计算了它们的脱水表现活化能和用DSC法测定了部分脱水过程的脱水焓。     

Thermochemistry on Coordination Behavior of Praseodymium Chloride Hydrate with Diethylammonium Diethyldithiocarbamate

The complex of praseodymium chloride lower hydrate with diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate (D-DDC) has been synthesized conveniently in absolute alcohol and dry N2 atmosphere. The title complex was identified as Et2NH2[Pr(S2CNEt2)4] by chemical and elemental analyses, the bonding characteristics of which were characterized by IR spectrum.The enthalpy of solution for praseodymium chloride hydrate and D-DDC in absolute alcohol at 298.15 K, and the enthalpy changes of liquid-phase reaction of formation for Et2NH2 [ Pr(S2CNEt2)4] at different temperatures were determined by miccocalorimetry. On the basis of experimental and calculated resuits, three thermodynamic parameters (the activation enthalpy, the activation entropy and the activation free energy),the rate constant and three kinetic parameters (the apparent activation energy, the pre-exponential constant and the reaction order) of liquid phase reaction of formation were obtained. The enthalpy change of the solid-phase title reaction at 298.15 K was calculated by a thermochemical cycle.     

Thermokinetic Study on the Complexation Reaction of the First-Row Transitional Metal Chlorides with Histidine

Introduction The first-row transitional metals of chromium, man-ganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and copper are essential trace elements to human body, which are connected with hundreds of metalloproteins and metalloenzymes, participating in ferment syntheses and playing an im-portant role in metabolism of nucleic acid, protein, carbohydrate and fat. L--histidine is one of the basic units of proteins and absorbed from food because of not being synthesized in human body. Therefore, it is of practic…     

Investigation of the Crystallization Kinetics of Zn(Met)(AcO)_2·H_2O in Mixed Solution of Water and Acetone by Microcalorimetry

Introduction The complexes of zinc salts with -amino acid as additive have a wide application in medicine, foodstuff and cosmetics.1-3 The synthesis methods of the com-plexes of zinc salts with -amino acid have been re-viewed.4 The solubility of Zn(AcO)2-Met-H2O system at 298.15 K has ever been investigated by the semi-micro-phase equilibrium method.5 The phase diagram is a simple one, in which the solid complex of Zn(AcO)2 and Met can not be obtained at 298.15 K. Zn(Met)2+ in solution w…     

重稀土水合硝酸盐热分解研究

由于重稀土分离困难而价格较贵,对它们的研究较少。虽有文献报道它们的热分解行为,但既不完全,结果也不尽相同。本工作用TG-DTG法系统研究了重稀土(H_O、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu和Y)水合硝酸盐的热分解行为。 参照轻、中稀土水合硝酸盐制备方法得到14种化合物(表1),其中Ln(NO_3)_3·3H_2O(Ln=Ho,Er,Tm)未见文献报道。14种样品经化学分析和IR光谱分析,证明符合各自的化学组成而不含碱式盐,熔点测定和X射线分析说明是分属不同物相的纯化合物。     

聚焦科学思维培养与提升的元素化学教学——碳单质与碳材料

针对当前元素化学教学中普遍存在的几个问题：内容琐碎、系统性差、需要理解和记忆的知识点与化学方程式多、教材内容结构单一等,结合学科发展和前沿成果重构教学内容,探索问题导向探究式课堂改变学生的被动消极状态,采用线上线下混合教学模式(汲取传统课堂教学与信息化网络教学的优势)促进课堂扩容和高效化,重点介绍新型碳单质富勒烯与石墨烯,引导学生分析建立结构、性质与用途之间的构效关系,运用课程思政、化学史、科研进展、Mlabs虚拟实验、创新拓展、视频和动画演绎等技巧将元素化学的课堂教学变得灵动且有活力,进一步培养与提升学生的科学思维。