石墨烯研究进展

石墨烯是目前发现的唯一存在的二维自由态原子晶体,它是构筑零维富勒烯、一维碳纳米管、三维体相石墨等sp²杂化碳的基本结构单元,具有很多奇异的电子及机械性能。因而吸引了化学、材料等其它他领域科学家的高度关注。本文介绍了近几年石墨烯的研究进展,包括石墨烯的合成、去氧化、化学修饰及应用前景等方面的内容。     

Floquet instability of a large density ratio liquid-gas coaxial jet with periodic fluctuation

By numerical simulation of basic flow, this paper extends Floquet stability analysis of interracial flow with periodic fluctuation into large density ratio range. Stability of a liquid aluminum jet in a coaxial nitrogen stream with velocity fluctuation is investigated by Chebyshev collocation method and the Floquet theory. Parametric resonance of the jet and the influences of different physical parameters on the instability are discussed. The results show qualitative agreement with the available experimental data.     

反相离子对色谱中死体积变化特性的研究

高效液相色谱法中溶质在色谱柱上的保留行为通常由容量因子k′表示,k′值的确定须由色谱柱死体积V_0计算得到,所以V_0测定尤为重要。关于反相离子对色谱中死体积研究较少,Bidlingmeyer用甲醇作探剂测定反相离子对色     

双重Pickering乳液模板法制备无机-有机复合空心微球

以疏水性ZnO粒子和亲水性Fe_3O_4粒子稳定的W/O/W型双重Pickering乳液为模板,制备了具有空心结构的无机-有机复合微球.采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)仪及光学显微镜等对制备的无机粒子、乳液和复合材料进行了表征.结果表明,制备了ZnO和Fe_3O_42种无机粒子,油酸能够对Zn O进行有效的疏水改性,改性后的接触角为84.3°.制备的双重Pickering乳液稳定性好、粒径分布较宽(50～200μm),以该双重乳液为模板制备的无机-有机复合材料为空心球形结构,粒径范围为100～200μm.     

Electromagnetic dissociation of 3.7 A GeV^16O in nuclear emulsion

The electromagnetic dissociation (ED) of 3.7 A GeV {}^{16}O in nuclear emulsion is investigated with high statistics. It is found that the electromagnetically dissociated cross section increases with increasing beam energy, the charge distribution of projectile fragments is the same as the results at 60 and 200 A GeV, and the production probability of projectile fragments with charge 3≤Z≤5 is less than that of the other projectile fragments. These results can be well explained by use of Weizsacker and Williams method for calculating the ED contributions. The percentile abundance of various decay modes for ED at 3.7 A GeV is close to the result at 60 and 200 A GeV, but it is different from the result at 14.6 A GeV. The ED of 3.7 A GeV is mainly caused by the giant dipole and quadrupole resonance of E1 and E2, which can be qualitatively explained by the multiplicity distribution of projectile proton in ED. The multiplicity distribution of the α fragments in ED and nuclear events have different functional forms. This difference may be a consequence of the different reaction mechanism involved.     

反式肉桂酸和反式邻香豆酸的SERS光谱

首次记录了反式肉桂酸和反式邻香豆酸两种具有大π键电子结构的平面型分子在银膜上的SERS谱,讨论了它们在银膜表面上的吸附方式,并对这类分子在SERS现象中的模选择增强机制做了初步探讨。     

A New Approach to C60-Containing Polyphosphazenes by Polymerization of Phosphonitrile Chloride Trimer in the Presence of C60

A novel synthetic strategy was developed to prepare polyphosphazenes containing C60 moieties. Thus, the phosphonitrile chloride trimer underwent thermal ring-opening polymerization （ROP） in the presence of C60 molecules to yield the reactive macromolecular intermediate, C60-containing poly（dichlorophosphazene）. And then, the other groups could be linked to the phosphazene backbone by nucleophilic substitution reaction of the chlorine atoms in this intermediate to produce a series of C60-containing polyphosphazene. The polymer exhibits good solubility in common organic solvents and is thermally stable.     

高性能长链支化聚乙烯制备的研究进展

长链支化聚乙烯（LCB-PE）在聚乙烯链上含有长链的支化结构，因此具有优异的流变性能，从而改善了聚合物的加工性能，这是其它结构聚乙烯所不能比拟的。长链支化聚乙烯的制备方法有辐照法、茂金属共聚法和聚丁二烯加氢法等，本文综述了各种方法的基本原理和优缺点。辐照法制备LCB-PE的优点是比较简便，容易实现工业化生产，但也有制备的LCB-PE结构不明确，高能辐照对设备要求较高的缺点。茂金属共聚法制备的LCB-PE结构较明确，制备过程较易控制，但由于茂金属催化剂的专利问题而不易推广。聚丁二烯加氢法制备的LCB-PE其主链长度、支链长度和支链密度都可控，但过程较复杂，成本高，不易推广。     

酶联免疫法测定猪肉、猪肝和猪尿中盐酸克伦特罗

对4种国产及进口的酶联免疫法测试盒测定猪肉、猪肝及猪尿中克伦特罗残留量的性能及效果作了对比试验。试验时以上述3种样品为基体,加入1,2,3,5,10μg.kg-1(或μg.L-1)等5个浓度水平的克伦特罗标准溶液,然后用上述测试盒进行检测。从所得的结果可知,国内外的测试盒所得测定值间存在较大差异;猪尿样品的检测结果表明这些测试盒所采用的方法比较适合,但由猪肉及猪肝样品的检测结果可知,其中一些测试盒所采用的方法尚有改进的必要。     

Progress in AMS Measurement of 182Hf at CIAE

Accelerator mass spectrometry （AMS） is one of the most promising methods to detect minute amounts of 182Hf. However, the sensitivity of 5×10^-11 for ^182Hf/180Hf obtained previously by the AMS method at China Institute of Atomic Energy （CIAE） cannot meet the requirement of some applications. We present some new improvements of measurement method for AMS measurement of 182Hf at the CIAE HI？13 tandem accelerator system. As a result, a sensitivity of 1.0×10^-11 for 182Hf/180Hf is achieved.