Increasing trend of primary NO2 exhaust emission fraction in Hong Kong

Despite the successful reduction in roadside NO( x ) levels, no such decrease has been detected in roadside NO(2) concentration in Hong Kong. One underlying cause could be the rising primary NO(2) fraction of the total emission of NO( x ). Primary NO(2) can be particularly detrimental to Hong Kong because a large fraction of the population are exposed to the traffic-related primary pollutants in the street canyons formed by congested high-rise buildings. In this study, hourly mean concentration data for roadside nitrogen oxides (NO( x )), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), and background ozone (O(3)) were used to estimate the mean primary NO(2) fraction from vehicle exhausts in Hong Kong. An overall increasing trend was observed for the primary NO(2) fraction (f-NO(2)) values in all the three roadside air monitoring sites. The primary NO(2) as a fraction of total NO( x ) (f-NO(2)) increased approximately from 2% in 1998 to 13% in 2008 in Hong Kong. The two particular periods of rising f-NO(2) coincided with the two implementation periods of the diesel retrofit programs for the light-duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles. Future vehicle emission control strategies should target not only total NO( x ) but also primary NO(2). Health benefit or disease burden estimates should be taken into account and updated in the process of policy planning and evaluation.     

冲厕污水生物处理技术研究

主要研究了复合生物技术对冲厕污水有机污染物和NH4+-N的去除效果。结果表明,在进水COD和NH4+-N负荷分别为1.2~1.4 kg COD/(m3.d)和0.10~0.11 kg NH4+-N/(m3.d)时,出水COD和NH4+-N稳定维持在15 mg/L和5 mg/L,达到国家中水回用相关标准,满足了循环冲洗水水质要求,根本上实现了冲厕污水源头治理和资源化。     

MCMP制剂与生物膜法联合处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

采用单因素试验分析了多功能复合微生物制剂MCMP处理垃圾渗滤液的反应条件,结果表明：投加MCMP能促进渗滤液COD、NH3-N、TP的去除,在反应时间72 h,间歇曝气36h,接种量（VMCMP：V水）为1/8000,进水pH值8时处理效果较好,去除率分别达到37.56%、72.74%、51.56%。MCMP技术与生物膜法联合处理垃圾渗滤液的试验表明：同单纯使用MCMP菌处理渗滤液相比,以陶粒为填料的MCMP生物膜系统,对TP的去除效果有明显提高,去除率达到65.23%,对COD和NH3-N去除率影响不显著。     

陕西五曲湾滑坡发育特征和~(14)C测龄

在陕西省凤翔县五曲湾滑坡的滑带土中发现一段树根,表面被炭化,并且发生了强烈的剪切变形,分析认为此乃滑坡滑动所致。经过14C测龄,年龄为462±45年B.P,这一年龄与地质分析获取的认识基本吻合,与1556年"华县大地震"发生的年份非常接近,从而为研究五曲湾滑坡的触发机制提供了重要依据。最后提出,如果在滑带土中发现可用于定年的样品,采用14C法测定滑坡年龄,是对滑坡进行定年的有效途径。