吸附-预沉淀MBR工艺处理生活污水及膜污染控制效果

膜污染是限制膜生物反应器（MBR）广泛应用的主要因素之一。针对MBR处理生活污水过程中存在的硝化效果不稳定与膜污染问题,提出了一种新型的MBR系统：通过吸附-预沉淀实现进水中碳氮的分离和单独处理,不仅提高了污染物去除效果,且能够有效控制膜污染。研究结果表明,吸附-预沉淀可以去除进水中约89.7%的有机物,系统出水COD、NH4+-N平均浓度为24 mg/L、0.78 mg/L,去除率分别为95.9%和98.1%。MBR中碳氮比的降低和硝化细菌比例的增加大大降低了MBR内MLSS、EPS和SMP含量,平均浓度分别为5 185 mg/L、41 mg/g MLSS和2.62 mg/g MLSS。在膜通量为4 L/（m2·h）条件下,TMP可稳定保持在20 kPa左右。通过吸附-预沉淀过程可有效控制MBR中的膜污染。     

Physiological and biochemical responses of rice seeds to phosphine exposure during germination

Rice seeds (Tianyou, 3618) were used to examine the physiological and biochemical responses to phosphine exposure during germination. A control (0 mg m⁻³) and four concentrations of phosphine (1.4 mg m⁻³, 4.2 mg m⁻³, 7.0 mg m⁻³ and 13.9 mg m⁻³) were used to treat the rice seeds. Each treatment was applied for 90 min once per day for five days. The germination rate (GR); germination potential (GP); germination index (GI); antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT); and lipid peroxidation measured through via malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined as indicators of the physiological and biochemical responses of the rice seeds to phosphine exposure. These indicators were determined once per day for five days. The results indicated that the GR, GP and GI of the rice seeds markedly decreased after phosphine exposure. The changes in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes due to the phosphine exposure were also significant. The exposure lowered the CAT and SOD activities and increased POD activity in the treated rice seeds compared with controls. The MDA content exhibited a slow increase trend with the increase of phosphine concentration. These results suggest that phosphine has inhibitory effects on seed germination. In addition, phosphine exposure caused oxidative stress in the seeds. The antioxidant enzymes could play a pivotal role against oxidative injury. Overall, the effect of phosphine on rice seeds is different from what has been reported previously for insects and mammals.     

对防治船舶污染管理工作中几个问题的思考和建议

对防治船舶污染管理中的防污检查、污染的监测、化验分析、应急反应体制、油污基金等７个方面进行了思考，并提出了相应的建议。     

污泥缺氧好氧消化的减量研究

实验主要进行缺氧好氧工艺在不同运行条件下消化效果的研究;在常温和中温下,与传统污泥好氧消化处理的效果对比,并进行pH等控制参数的统计规律分析,提出优化处理工艺条件,也为污泥缺氧好氧消化工艺的设计、运行管理和进一步研究提供可靠的理论依据。     

循环经济催生经济"和"论

生态危机,是自然资源的有限性与人的需求无限性之间的矛盾表现;是人的资本之“欲”与自然的生态之“理”的剧烈冲突;是自然对人的无知或贪欲膨胀的惩罚.     

"三软"特厚煤层高沼综放面瓦斯综合治理

通过对超化煤矿13011和21051两个了开采条件相似的综放丽瓦斯治理情况比较分析，得出瓦斯抽放是“三软”特厚煤层高沼综放工作而瓦斯综合治理的有效途径。     

医疗废物处置工艺改进及运行效果研究

随着医疗废物产生量快速增长,造成了大气、水体、土壤的严重污染。医疗废物无害化处理成为我们当前急需解决的迫切问题。通过对垃圾处置厂医疗废物高温蒸汽处置工艺的研究,在现有工艺仅可处理感染性和损伤性废物的基础上,进行技术改进,通过增加蒸汽骤冷环节,从而增加了对病理性废物处置类别,并能确保环保及卫生达标;同时提高了灭菌率,减容率。设备改进后,可有效地处理病例性废物,有效地减少对环境的污染。     

低温对MBBR、SBR深度处理废水出水水质的影响

比较了低温和常温下移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)与 SBR 深度处理低浓度废水的出水水质,研究了低温对反应器出水 COD、运行温度、DO、出水 pH、出水蛋白质质量浓度的影响.实验结果表明:相同曝气和环境温度条件下,MBBR 比 SBR 的运行温度高 0.5-1.5 ℃,受环境温度影响更小;与常温相比,低温反应器内 D...