Effects of temperature on UV-B-induced DNA damage and photorepair in Arabidopsis thaliana

DNA damage in the form of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers(CPDs) and (6-4) photopreducts(6-4PPs) induced by UV-B radiation in Arabidopsis thaliana at different temperatures was investigated using ELISA with specific monoclonal antibodies. CPDs and 6-4PPs increased during 3 h UV-B exposure, but further exposure led to decreases. Contrary to the commonly accepted view that DNA damage induced by UV-B radiation is temperature-independent because of its photochemical nature, we found UV-B-induction of CPDs and 6-4PPs in Arabidopsis to be slower at a low than at a high temperature. Photorepair of CPDs at 24℃ was much faster than that at 0℃ and 12℃,with 50% CPDs removal during 1 h exposure to white light. Photorepair of 6-4PPs at 12℃ was very slow as compared with that at 24℃,and almost no removal of 6-4PPs was detected after 4 h exposure to white light at 0℃. There was evidence to suggest that temperaturedependent DNA damage and photorepair could have important ecological implications.     

Biomass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:New horizons for industry decarbonisation

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission target. The implementation of renewables should provide major opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply system. Renewable fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector, particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are required. In addition, it helps reducing the ca...     

Enhancement of the CO2 adsorption and hydrogenation to CH4 capacity of Ru–Na–Ca/γ–Al2O3 dual function material by controlling the Ru calcination atmosphere

Integrated CO₂capture and utilization (ICCU) technology requires dual functional materials(DFMs) to carry out the process in a single reaction system.The influence of the calcination atmosphere on efficiency of 4%Ru-8%Na₂CO₃-8%CaO/γ-Al₂O₃DFM is studied.The adsorbent precursors are first co-impregnated onto alumina and calcined in air.Then,Ru precursor is impregnated and four aliquotes are subjected to different calcination protocols:static a...     

水浴消解－原子荧光法同时测定污水处理厂污泥中的汞和砷

本文主要介绍了应用双道原子荧光光谱法,采用水浴消解法同时测定污水处理厂污泥中汞和砷的原理和过程。结果表明,该方法具有操作简单、快速省事、灵敏度高、准确度好、节省试剂等优点,是较好的测定方法。     

乌鲁木齐城市群城市间大气污染相互影响分析

利用乌鲁木齐城市群2010—2015年空气质量日报,引入时间序列的VAR模型对城市间的大气污染相互影响关系及贡献进行研究。结果表明:乌鲁木齐城市群5市存在影响效应,乌鲁木齐受外源影响为主,昌吉、阜康受内源影响为主,五家渠、石河子受内外源共同影响;乌鲁木齐城市群城市间大气污染相互影响存在明显的滞后效应,前3期的影响最大,第10期以后响应值趋于0。     

Removal of antibiotics in a parallel-plate thin-film-photocatalytic reactor: Process modeling and evolution of transformation by-products and toxicity

Photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole(SMX) antibiotic has been studied under recycling batch and homogeneous flow conditions in a thin-film coated immobilized system namely parallel-plate(PPL) reactor. Experimentally designed, statistically evaluated with a factorial design(FD) approach with intent to provide a mathematical model takes into account the parameters influencing process performance. Initial antibiotic concentration, UV energy level, irradiated surface area, water matrix(ultrapure and secondary treated wastewater) and time, were defined as model parameters. A full of 2~5 experimental design was consisted of 32 random experiments. PPL reactor test experiments were carried out in order to set boundary levels for hydraulic, volumetric and defined defined process parameters. TTIP based thin-film with polyethylene glycol + TiO_2 additives were fabricated according to pre-described methodology. Antibiotic degradation was monitored by High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis while the degradation products were specified by LC–TOF-MS analysis. Acute toxicity of untreated and treated SMX solutions was tested by standard Daphnia magna method. Based on the obtained mathematical model, the response of the immobilized PC system is described with a polynomial equation. The statistically significant positive effects are initial SMX concentration,process time and the combined effect of both, while combined effect of water matrix and irradiated surface area displays an adverse effect on the rate of antibiotic degradation by photocatalytic oxidation. Process efficiency and the validity of the acquired mathematical model was also verified for levofloxacin and cefaclor antibiotics. Immobilized PC degradation in PPL reactor configuration was found capable of providing reduced effluent toxicity by simultaneous degradation of SMX parent compound and TBPs.     

Adsorption of Disperse Blue SBL dye by synthesized poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite

The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the adsorption in batch mode of a disperse dye (Disperse Blue SBL) by poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite synthesized by coprecipitation between Ca(NO_3)_2 and (NH_4)_2HPO4 reagents in aqueous solution at room temperature. The adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the factors that influence the dye uptake by the adsorbent, such as the contact time under agitation, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, solution temperature, and pH. The e...     

艾比湖干涸湖底化学组成及盐尘的风运堆积

选择亚洲中部典型干涸尾闾湖——艾比湖干涸湖底及其下风向约200km的范围为研究区,并把研究区分为干涸湖底风蚀区和盐尘扩散堆积区两个子区.通过对两子区连续多年野外实地观测、采样分析、定点试验等手段,研究了干涸湖底表层沉积物的化学组成、湖底风蚀动态和盐尘的扩散堆积规律.结果表明,艾比湖干涸湖底不同地表形态(结晶盐壳、盐-淤泥-黏土壳、风蚀堆积壳)间可溶性盐含量差异显著,盐类混合物中以硫酸盐和氯化物为主,二者基本占全部可溶性盐的90%,碳酸盐含量甚微.春秋两季是湖底风蚀和盐碱尘暴的高发期,盐分堆积动态与风期变化一致,春、秋两季大风期,降尘中盐通量最高;冬、夏两季降尘中盐通量较低.干涸湖底下风向盐尘的堆积强度以精河为中心分别向西北和东北方向递减,盐尘在风运过程中表现出显著的分异规律,硫酸盐比氯化物具有更远距离的迁移能力.     

Distribution of mercury in di erent environmental compartments in the aquatic ecosystem of the coastal zone of the Southern Baltic Sea

The aim of this study was to characterize mercury (Hg) contamination in the coastal waters of the Southern Baltic Sea, and to investigate transformations of Hg in the initial links of the marine food chain. Concentrations of Hg in water, particulate matter, plankton and macrophytes at various stations in the coastal zone (a bay with restricted water exchange, near an industrial city, river mouths, and the open sea) were measured in 2006–2008. Hg concentrations observed in the Southern Baltic varied greatly, showing the highest average values in all environmental compartments near the river mouths. In shallow, sheltered parts of the gulf, where water exchange is restricted, Hg concentrations in the water and in macrophytes were elevated relative to those in the coastal zone of the deeper part of the bay and in the open Baltic. Distance to the river mouth, terrestrial runo , and quantity and quality of organic matter were more important than seasonal variations in controlling Hg and HgSPM concentrations in water samples. Mercury concentrations in the surface microlayer at the air/sea interface were over 10 times higher than those in the bulk surface water. Concentrations of Hg in macrophytes in the winter were significantly higher than those in the warm seasons (spring, summer, autumn). This was probably the combined e ect of higher availability of Hg in porewaters and leaf growth inhibition.