Design of the Fudao Forest Walkway in Fuzhou

While rapid spread of urbanization brings dramatical economic growth to major cities worldwide, they are relentlessly eating up green spaces and farmlands essential to the ecosystem and environmental health, risking the common benefits for all lives with inbalanced development and putting a burden on contemporary Landscape Architecture to coordinate ecology and aesthetic with economy. By integrating design aesthetic and engineering efficiency, Fudao, a first-of-its-kind elevated steel walkway system in Fuzhou, China, addresses this challenge successfully by opening up a once desolated mountain area to the public with a minimum environmental disturbance achieved by an innovative design approach, which gains international attention.     

VERTICAL VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN STEADY NON-UNIFORM AND UNSTEADY OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW

Based on the continuity equation, the distribution of vertical velocity in equilibrium steady non-uniform and unsteady open-channel flows were deduced theoretically. Then a recently developed Acoustic Doppler Velocity Profiler (ADVP) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology was used to measure instantaneously the flow profiles. From these measurements, the vertical velocity and the other flow parameters were obtained. Additional data measured using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) at the Nanyang Technological University were also presented. The agreement between the theoretical distribution of vertical velocity and the measured data is reasonably good.     

Spray Evaporation of Different Liquids in a Drying Chamber——Effect on Flow,Heat and Mass Transfer Performances

Almost without exception literature data and modeling effort are understandably devoted to water as the sprayed liquid since it constitutes the most common liquid used in spray drying applications. In selected applications, however, the liquid making up the solution or suspension may not be water. The objective of this work is to examine the differences in flow patterns, thermal behavior and drying rates caused by different liquids having different thermo-physical properties spray into a spray dryer using a computational fluid dynamic model. Numerical experiments were carried out for water (base case), ethyl alcohol and isopropyi alcohol-the latter two as model non-aqueous liquids. The chamber geometry was cylinder type with a co-current axial pressure nozzle and also an axial central exit so that the configuration is two dimensional and axi-symmetric. It is shown that the liquid properties can have major influence on the thermal field, droplet trajectories, residence times and overall evaporation capaci     

Sliding Mode Control for T-S Fuzzy Systems

A sliding mode control scheme for a class of complex nonlinear systems with T-S fuzzy models is proposed in this paper. It is shown that, by using the concept of extreme matrices to determine the upper bound information of the interactions of the fuzzy subsystems, a simple, yet constructive sliding mode control scheme can be developed to guarantee the asymptotic stability and robustness of the closed-loop system. Simulation results are presented in support of the proposed scheme.     

A Hybrid Structure of Fuzzy Neural Networks Generation via Q-Learning

In this paper, a hybrid approach termed Biased Dynamic Self-Generated Fuzzy Q-Learning (BDSGFQL) for automatically generating Fuzzy Neural Networks (FNNs) is proposed. In the proposed method, an FNN is generated via the Q-learning and the embedded human expert knowledge. The human expert knowledge is embedded as a bias of the system according to the condence level of the knowledge. The novel BDSGFQL methodology can also automatically create, delete and adjust fuzzy rules according to the evaluations of the entire system as well as the individual fuzzy rules. The salient characteristics of the BDSGFQL approach are: 1) Capable of embedding expert knowledge according to the condence level; 2) Capable of structure self-identication and automatic parameter estimation and modication; 3) FNNs can be quickly generated without supervised learning; 4) Fuzzy rules can be created, adjusted and deleted dynamically; 5) Membership functions of an FNN can be dynamically adjusted according to the evaluation of reinforcement learning. Simulation studies of a wall-following task by a mobile robot demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.     

国际成品油运输现状及我国成品油出口运输探讨

介绍了国际成品油运输市场的主要船型、船东、航线,分析了国际成品油运输市场对中国进出口的影响,提出了优化物流系统,降低成品油出口成本的建议。