全文获取类型
收费全文 | 255972篇 |
免费 | 16030篇 |
国内免费 | 8114篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 280116篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 770篇 |
2023年 | 2960篇 |
2022年 | 5489篇 |
2021年 | 7428篇 |
2020年 | 5633篇 |
2019年 | 4531篇 |
2018年 | 18918篇 |
2017年 | 18560篇 |
2016年 | 14664篇 |
2015年 | 7595篇 |
2014年 | 8900篇 |
2013年 | 10906篇 |
2012年 | 14577篇 |
2011年 | 21572篇 |
2010年 | 18759篇 |
2009年 | 15699篇 |
2008年 | 16746篇 |
2007年 | 16995篇 |
2006年 | 9623篇 |
2005年 | 9450篇 |
2004年 | 6695篇 |
2003年 | 5712篇 |
2002年 | 4650篇 |
2001年 | 3864篇 |
2000年 | 4012篇 |
1999年 | 4311篇 |
1998年 | 3619篇 |
1997年 | 3098篇 |
1996年 | 2880篇 |
1995年 | 2316篇 |
1994年 | 1871篇 |
1993年 | 1462篇 |
1992年 | 1175篇 |
1991年 | 874篇 |
1990年 | 696篇 |
1989年 | 576篇 |
1988年 | 472篇 |
1987年 | 336篇 |
1986年 | 238篇 |
1985年 | 204篇 |
1984年 | 122篇 |
1983年 | 93篇 |
1982年 | 101篇 |
1981年 | 67篇 |
1980年 | 56篇 |
1976年 | 49篇 |
1968年 | 49篇 |
1965年 | 51篇 |
1955年 | 63篇 |
1954年 | 68篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
A novel method for the fabrication of highly ordered nanopore arrays with very small diameter of 14 nm was demonstrated by
using low-temperature anodization. Two-step anodization was carried out at 25 V, sulfuric acid concentration of 0.3 M, and
electrolyte temperature of −15 °C. After anodization, a regular pore array with mean diameter of 14 nm and interpore distance
of 65 nm was formed. The pore diameter and regular arrangement were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fast
Fourier transformation (FFT), respectively. The present results strongly suggest that the diameter of pores in a highly ordered
alumina template can be reduced by lowering the anodization temperature. 相似文献
132.
In this work, the kinetics and mechanism of free-radical polymerisation of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) using potassium peroxydisulphate
(PDS) as water soluble initiator in the presence of synthesized 1, 4-Bis (tributyl methyl ammonium) benzene dichloride (TBMABDC)
as multi-site phase transfer catalyst (MPTC) was studied. The polymerisation reactions were carried out under inert and unstirred
conditions at constant temperature of 60 ± 1°C in cyclohexane/water biphase media. The role of concentrations of monomer,
initiator, catalyst and volume fraction of aqueous phase, solvent polarity and temperature on the rate of polymerisation (Rp)
was ascertained. The order with respect to monomer and initiator was found to be unity. The order with respect to catalyst
was found to be 0.51. The rate of polymerisation is independent of ionic strength and pH of the medium. However, an increase
in the polarity of solvent has slightly increased the Rp value. Based on the results obtained, a suitable kinetic scheme has
been proposed to account for the experimental observations and its significance discussed. 相似文献
133.
134.
The effect of pressure on combustion and heat transfer is analyzed. The research is based on the basic combustion and heat
transfer theorem. A correction for the heat calculation method for pressurized furnace is made on the basis of the normal
pressure case. The correction takes the effect of pressurizing into account. The results show that the correction is reasonable
and the method is applicable to combustion and heat transfer of the marine supercharged boiler. 相似文献
135.
Guo Haitao Qiao Weihong Ba Yan Li Zongshi Jin Kun Peng Qinji 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2006,24(1):51-60
The GC/MS and NMR analysis of the reaction products of naphthalene with 1-bromohexane were reported. The products obtained were suggested to have six isomers of linear hexylnaphthalene and the structure of each isomer was determined by GC/MS and NMR spectra. For the first time, the unique chemical shift data were obtained. The content of each isomer calculated by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra was consistent with that by GC/MS spectra, which confirmed the accuracy of NMR data. 相似文献
136.
Florian Matthes 《Informatik-Spektrum》2008,31(6):527-536
Zusammenfassung Anwendungslandschaften in Unternehmen sind langlebige hoch-komplexe Strukturen bestehend aus hunderten bis tausenden von miteinander
vernetzten betrieblichen Informationssystemen, die von Personen mit sehr unterschiedlichen Interessen und Erfahrungshintergrund
konzipiert, erstellt, modifiziert, betrieben, genutzt und finanziert werden. Die Softwarekartographie zielt darauf ab, die
Kommunikation zwischen diesen Personen durch zielgruppenspezifische verst?ndliche graphische Visualisierungen zu unterstützen,
die Gesch?fts- und Informatik-Aspekte gleicherma?en berücksichtigen, und die speziell für langfristige und strategische Management-Betrachtungen
geeignet sind.
In diesem Beitrag fassen wir zun?chst die in der betrieblichen Praxis wohlbekannten Probleme beim Management von Anwendungslandschaften
zusammen und diagnostizieren erhebliche Kommunikationsdefizite. Da Anwendungslandschaften als Systeme von Systemen mit Menschen
als integrale Systembestandteile zu verstehen sind, werden Karten als attraktiver L?sungsansatz identifiziert und die wesentlichen
Konzepte der Softwarekartographie anhand von Beispielen vorgestellt. Dabei werden Querbezüge zu anderen Fachgebieten der Informatik
und Wirtschaftsinformatik hergestellt, und die bisherige Nutzung der Forschungsergebnisse in der Praxis gezeigt. 相似文献
137.
镁钴铝类水滑石催化合成安息香甲醚 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用共沉淀法制备了镁钴铝类水滑石化合物(MgCoAl-HTLcs),并用 X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、NH_3程序升温脱附等方法对 MgCoAl-HTLcs 进行了表征,并以 MgCoAl-HTLcs 为催化剂催化苯甲醛与甲醇反应合成安息香甲醚,研究了n(Mg):n(Co):n(Al)、催化剂用量、原料配比、反应温度、反应时间对合成反应的影响。表征结果显示,MgCoAl-HTLcs 的晶相完整,表面主要为弱酸、弱碱性。催化合成安息香甲醚的适宜条件为:MgCoAl-HTLcs 催化剂用量0.10 g(约为原料总质量的0.23%),n(Mg):n(Co):n(Al)=0.4:1.6:1.0,V(苯甲醛):V(甲醇)=3:50,反应温度50℃,反应时间150 min。在此条件下,苯甲醛的平衡转化率达77.49%,安息香甲醚选择性接近100%。为洁净合成安息香甲醚开辟了一条新的途径。 相似文献
138.
Phenylbutazone was recrystallized from its solutions by using a supercritical fluid antisolvent process. It was dissolved
in acetone and supercritical carbon dioxide was injected into the solution, thereby inducing supersaturation and particle
formation. Variation in the physical properties of the recrystallized phenylbutazone was investigated as a function of the
crystallizing temperature and the carbon dioxide injection rate. The recrystallized particles showed cleaner surfaces and
more ordered morphology compared to the particles obtained by other methods such as solvent evaporation. X-ray diffraction
patterns indicated that the crystallinity of the particles had been modified upon the recrystallization. Differential scanning
calorimetry measurement revealed that the crystallizing temperature influenced the thermal stability of the resulting crystals.
Larger crystals were produced when the carbon dioxide injection rate was reduced. 相似文献
139.
随着近几年我国房地产事业蓬勃发展,因此研究和探讨工程概预算的技术数据是项目管理工作中的重要信息,也是房地产加强工程造价有效控制的重要途径,本文结合工作实际,就如何积累工程造价经验数据,谈一点个人的体会。 相似文献
140.
Natural rubber (NR) can be degraded depending on various factors such as heat, mechanical force, chemical reaction, and light.
Light is a very interesting factor because it can cause the NR to degrade under low temperature and pressure. The photo-degradation
of NR films was carried out to investigate the effects of the light and the temperature on the reduction of the weight-average
molecular weight (Mw) and the double bonds in the NR films. The NR films, with and without catalysts, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), were exposed to light from a mercury light bulb at 7,000 and 36,000 lux, and at the temperature of 25 °C and 80 °C for
192 hrs. After exposure, the Mw of the NR films was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Changes in the Mw were
used to construct a kinetic model for the process, (1/Mw)=(1/Mw0)+(kt/2M0) where k is the rate constant, and M0 is the Mw of the monomer unit. The linear relationship between 1/Mw and time suggested pseudo first-order processes with
random scission. The Mw distribution information from the GPC was used to calculate the number of double bonds in the NR films.
The trend of the double bonds reduction curves was quite similar to the result obtained from the calculation from the FTIR
spectra. This indicated that this calculation method might possibly be another alternative way to obtain the number of double
bonds in the NR. 相似文献