面板堆石坝应力变形特性有限元分析

为研究面板堆石坝的应力变形特性,采用Mohr-Coulomb强度准则,利用ABAQUS建立有限元模型,分别从坝体位移、坝体应力、面板应力3方面进行分析研究,得出在运行期内相关荷载作用下坝体的应力变形特性,为大坝的实际运行提供理论依据。     

具有谐波减速器的柔性关节参数辨识

为了辨识具有谐波减速器的柔性关节模型的关键参数,设计了一套基于多传感器融合的离线辨识方法,根据电机的位置传感器、电流传感器和关节力矩传感器的实验数据完成柔性关节模型关键参数的辨识.首先,建立采用谐波减速器柔轮输出的柔性关节模型;然后,使用正反转加载力矩的方法辨识出电机的力矩系数;并在空载的情况下,由关节力矩和电机输出力矩分别辨识出关节端和电机端的摩擦力;最后,采用敲击法初步辨识出关节的刚度和阻尼后,在关节位置受限条件下,逐渐增加电机输出力矩,得到柔性关节刚度和关节力矩的非线性关系.多次实验的结果显示,辨识出的参数具有较高的重复性,验证了该方法的有效性.     

影响消毒剂百菌灭有效成分的因素分析

探讨外部环境条件对消毒剂百菌灭产品有效成分的影响因素,测定产品在不同条件下有效成分的含量变化,实验结果表明,加入5滴肥皂水、10%血清、自来水稀释、含20%填料包装瓶,百菌灭样品活性降解率分别为51.7%、93.6%、23.86%、60.47%,而对比组其活性降解率分别为0.66%、0.66%、1.32%、48.58%,分析了阴离子化合物、有机物、水质、塑料瓶包装等因素造成百菌灭活性物含量降低的原因,提出优化生产条件和改进贮藏方法。     

离子膜片碱装置的国产化改造

介绍了对离子膜片碱装置部分设备如F-1A片碱机转鼓、降膜浓缩器、碱液预热器等国产化改造的过程及运行效果。     

Dynamic surface control-backstepping based impedance control for 5-DOF flexible joint robots

A new impedance controller based on the dynamic surface control-backstepping technique to actualize the anticipant dynamic relationship between the motion of end-effector and the external torques was presented. Comparing with the traditional backstepping method that has “explosion of terms” problem, the new proposed control system is a combination of the dynamic surface control technique and the backstepping. The dynamic surface control (DSC) technique can resolve the “explosion of terms” problem that is caused by differential coefficient calculation in the model, and the problem can bring a complexity that will cause the backstepping method hardly to be applied to the practical application, especially to the multi-joint robot. Finally, the validity of the method was proved in the laboratory environment that was set up on the 5-DOF (degree of freedom) flexible joint robot. Tracking errors of DSC-backstepping impedance control that were 2.0 and 1.5 mm are better than those of backstepping impedance control which were 3.5 and 2.5 mm in directions X, Y in free space, respectively. And the anticipant Cartesian impedance behavior and compliant behavior were achieved successfully as depicted theoretically.     

DLR/HIT多指机器人灵巧手的研究

基于机电一体化设计理念和集成化、模块化设计方法研制了DLR/HIT灵巧手,DLR/HIT灵巧手具有4个相同结构的模块化手指,共具有13个自由度,具有拟人手形的外观.采用商品化的直流无刷电机实现了手指的驱动;手指具有位置、力/力矩及温度等多种感知能力;基于DSP/FPGA等实现了手指的通讯和实时控制;高度集成,将所有部件均集成在手指和手掌内.DLR/HIT手具有很好的可靠性、可操作性和精细操作能力.     

分层码率控制策略在机器人遥操作中的应用

为实现卫星自维护遥操作系统中稳定可靠的视频反馈目标,提出一种基于分层码率控制的视频传输策略.利用实时探测到的带宽选择不同码率的视频流分层,使得视频传输对于不同的网络带宽具有自适应性.试验结果表明,该策略能够在波动带宽下给予遥操作者稳定流畅的视频反馈,有效地提高了遥操作系统的视觉临场感性能.     

基于虚拟弹簧的欠驱动手指的动力学建模和控制

采用虚拟弹簧对2关节欠驱动手指进行了动力学建模。并使用该方法建立实际的3关节欠驱动手指的动力学模型,通过动态控制实验验证了动力学模型的正确性。该方法不仅避免了求解微分几何方程,并且直接派生出可解耦的动力学模型。可直接进行逆动力学分析、仿真和实时控制。同时,建立了基于动力学模型的速度观测器,用于轨迹跟踪,弥补了欠驱动手没有速度传感器的缺点,补偿了欠驱动环节造成的不确定因素。与PID或计算力矩法相比较,其轨迹跟踪误差更小,动态控制效果更好。     

混合励磁磁通切换电机电磁特性分析与实验验证

混合励磁磁通切换电机通过调节励磁电流进而可以调节气隙磁场的大小,因此在电动汽车等工业控制领域有着较为广泛的应用前景。本文首先介绍12/10极HEFSM的拓扑结构,介绍了磁通切换和混合励磁的工作原理,接着利用Ansys/Maxwell软件建立电机的有限元仿真模型,对电机的磁场分布、磁链、反电势和转矩等电磁特性进行了仿真分析,研究了过饱和效应对HEFSM电磁特性的影响。结果表明:励磁电流在一定范围内对电机的电磁特性有明显的调节作用。并对电机不同工况下反电势进行测量,与有限元仿真结果进行比较,证明了电机有限元模型的正确性。     

Effects of different tempers on precipitation hardening of 6000 series aluminium alloys

By means of Vickers hardness,mechanical property and formability tests,the effects of different tempers on precipitation hardening of 6000 series aluminium alloys for automotive body sheets were investigated.The results indicate that the short-time pre-aging at 170℃makes for subsequent artificial aging precipitation hardening.With the increase of pre-aging time,the artificial aging hardenability increases.The aging hardening rate reaches the maximum when pre-aging time is up to 10 min,and then it decreases.The short-time pre-aging at 170℃benefits sheets to obtain lower strength under delivery condition and consequently to improve stamping formability of automotive body sheets.The effects of different tempers on precipitation hardening are much more obvious than those of the alloying elements.It is a good treatment schedule to perform pre-aging for 5 min at 170℃right after solution treatment.