Resistance training reduces pain indices and improves quality of life and body strength in women with migraine disorders

Sport Sciences for Health - The benefits of resistance training (RT) for migraineurs appears to be lacking although beneficial of aerobic training have been shown in previous studies. The aim of...     

Patterns of Family,School, and Community Promotive Factors and Health Disparities Among Youth: Implications for Prevention Science

Prevention Science - Increasing knowledge of factors that promote health among youth from diverse backgrounds is an important step towards addressing health disparities. Although many promotive...     

Multisulfonate hyperbranched polyglycerol functionalized graphene oxide as an efficient reusable catalyst for green synthesis of benzo[a]pyrano-[2,3-c]phenazines under solvent-free conditions

A novel acid catalyst was prepared based on growing hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) on the surface of graphene oxide. Then, the hydroxyl groups of HPG on graphene oxide were functionalized by sulfonate groups to form an acid catalyst. The catalyst displayed a good loading level of acidic groups on the surface because of coating graphene oxide with HPG. This new catalyst is demonstrated to be highly effective in the preparation of benzo[a]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazine dyes.

A novel acid catalyst was prepared based on growing hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) on the surface of graphene oxide. Then, the hydroxyl groups of HPG on graphene oxide were functionalized by sulfonate groups to form an acid catalyst.     

Tir Triggers Expression of CXCL1 in Enterocytes and Neutrophil Recruitment during Citrobacter rodentium Infection

The hallmarks of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection are formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions on mucosal surfaces and actin-rich pedestals on cultured cells, both of which are dependent on the type III secretion system effector Tir. Following translocation into cultured cells and clustering by intimin, Tir Y474 is phosphorylated, leading to recruitment of Nck, activation of N-WASP, and actin polymerization via the Arp2/3 complex. A secondary, weak, actin polymerization pathway is triggered via an NPY motif (Y454). Importantly, Y454 and Y474 play no role in A/E lesion formation on mucosal surfaces following infection with the EPEC-like mouse pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. In this study, we investigated the roles of Tir segments located upstream of Y451 and downstream of Y471 in C. rodentium colonization and A/E lesion formation. We also tested the role that Tir residues Y451 and Y471 play in host immune responses to C. rodentium infection. We found that deletion of amino acids 382 to 462 or 478 to 547 had no impact on the ability of Tir to mediate A/E lesion formation, although deletion of amino acids 478 to 547 affected Tir translocation. Examination of enterocytes isolated from infected mice revealed that a C. rodentium strain expressing Tir_Y451A/Y471A recruited significantly fewer neutrophils to the colon and triggered less colonic hyperplasia on day 14 postinfection than the wild-type strain. Consistently, enterocytes isolated from mice infected with C. rodentium expressing Tir_Y451A/Y471A expressed significantly less CXCL1. These result show that Tir-induced actin remodeling plays a direct role in modulation of immune responses to C. rodentium infection.