Anticonvulsant Activity of Diospyros Fischeri Root Extracts

Diospyros fischeri Gurke (Ebenaceae) is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy. Dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and ethanol extracts of the roots, at doses between 100 and 1600 mg/kg BW, inhibited convulsions induced by the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAa) receptor antagonist, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), in a dose dependent manner. The extracts also exhibited low toxicity against brine shrimps giving LC₅₀ values between 45.4 and 95.4 µg/ml. These results provide evidence for the potential of D. fischeri extracts to treat absence seizures, especially given their seemingly innocuous nature.     

Refrigerated storage of lyophilized and rehydrated, lyophilized human red cells

Human red cells (RBCs) were collected in CPDA-1 and then freeze-dried in lyoprotective solution. The lyophilized RBCs were then stored at -20 degrees C for 7 days. At the end of the storage period, the lyophilized RBCs were rehydrated and washed in dextrose saline. The washed, reconstituted, lyophilized RBCs were resuspended in final wash solutions of ADSOL, CPDA-1, or a special additive solution containing glucose, citrate, phosphate, adenine, and mannitol, and then they were stored at 4 degrees C for an additional 7 days. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether human RBCs can be lyophilized in such a manner that normal metabolic, rheologic, and cellular properties are maintained during rehydration and subsequent storage in standard blood bank preservative solutions. Our results show that reconstituted, lyophilized RBCs maintained levels of ATP, 2,3 DPG, lactate, and cellular properties that are equal to or better than those in control nonlyophilized RBCs stored for a comparable period in CPDA-1. Reconstituted, lyophilized RBCs stored at 4 degrees C after rehydration also show better maintenance of ATP, 2,3 DPG, and lactate than do control RBCs stored in the same preservative solutions for comparable periods.     

Therapy of patients with human T-cell lymphotrophic virus I-induced adult T-cell leukemia with anti-Tac, a monoclonal antibody to the receptor for interleukin-2

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I)-induced adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells constitutively express interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors identified by the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody (MoAb), whereas normal resting cells do not. This observation provided the scientific basis for a trial of intravenous anti-Tac in the treatment of nine patients with ATL. The patients did not suffer untoward reactions and did not have a reduction in the normal formed elements of the blood, and only one of the nine produced antibodies to the anti-Tac MoAb. Three patients had transient mixed, partial, or complete remissions lasting from 1 to more than 8 months after anti-Tac therapy, as assessed by routine hematologic tests, immunofluorescence analysis of circulating cells, and molecular genetic analysis of HTLV-I provirus integration and of the T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. The precise mechanism of the antitumor effects is unclear; however, the use of a MoAb that prevents the interaction of IL-2 with its receptor on ATL cells provides a rational approach for the treatment of this malignancy.     

限制饮食和大脑健康(英文)

限制饮食对健康和老化的益处已经逐渐被大家所认识。本文从学习、记忆、突触可塑性、神经再生等神经功能方面,回顾了最近有关限制饮食的基础及临床研究。目前认为限制饮食在神经功能方面发挥多种作用,其中较令人满意的解释是限制饮食作为一种应激原,能诱导机体内有利环境的形成。这个环境有利于促进神经可塑性,提高认知功能,刺激神经细胞再生和调节炎症反应。此外,许多分子包括热休克蛋白、神经营养因子、沉默调节蛋白1(SIRT1)等均参与了限制饮食对机体的保护作用。鉴于完全和长时间的限制饮食在人类实施的困难性,一些限制饮食模型的替代物开始被大家所重视。本文也对限制饮食模型的替代物的研究进行了分析和探讨。     

Effectiveness of a prospective physician self-audit transfusion- monitoring system

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to search for a more effective transfusion-monitoring system than the existing system of retrospective peer review. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This research used a study-control, preintervention and postintervention design, to evaluate the effectiveness of a prospective physician self-audit transfusion-monitoring system that functioned without the direct involvement of transfusion service physicians. This research also evaluated the effectiveness of issuing to physicians a memo with transfusion guidelines. Three process indicators were used to assess physician behavior at various stages of the blood-ordering process: 1) the number of crossmatches ordered per admission, 2) the transfusion-to- crossmatch ratio, and 3) the number of blood units returned to the laboratory after physician self-auditing. The study used two outcome indicators to reflect overall blood utilization: 1) the percentage of patients who received red cell transfusions and 2) the number of blood units transfused per recipient each month. RESULTS: The prospective physician self-audit system implemented at the study hospital did not reverse physician transfusion decisions, and the process of issuing to physicians a memo with transfusion guidelines at the control hospital failed to reduce blood usage. However, a transient reduction in blood utilization was observed at the study hospital. CONCLUSION: The reduction was hypothesized to be due to a Hawthorne effect, in which observed behavior is affected by the subject's awareness of the research study.     

自体细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞治疗HBV感染肝硬化患者的临床观察及护理

目的观察自体细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞（CIK细胞）治疗HBVDNA阳性肝硬化患者的近期疗效。方法33例HBVDNA阳性肝硬化患者给予CIK细胞治疗，在体外培养前后以及回输体内后检测CD3^＋、CD3^＋CD4^＋、CD3^＋CD8^＋、CD3^＋CD56^＋、CD25^＋细胞以及mDC和pDC。比较治疗前后病毒学指标及肝脏功能的变化。结果培养结束以及回输体内后，CD3^＋细胞、CD3^＋CD8^＋细胞、CD3^＋CD56^＋细胞较培养前显著升高，mDC和pDC在回输后也明显增高。12例患者HBVDNA阴转，4例患者拷贝数下降大于2个log。在14例HBeAg阳性患者中有10例阴转，2例出现HBeAb转换。肝脏功能较治疗前有所好转。所有患者均能耐受治疗。结论ClK细胞可明显提高免疫效应细胞数量，具有一定的抗病毒效果，毒副作用低，对患者伤害小，安全性高，不良反应小，经过护理干预，患者的症状和体征得到改善，取得了显著疗效。     

ICP-AES法同时测定天然植物中金属元素的研究

用微波消解和湿热消解两种前处理方法对海南天然植物荔枝和茄子进行对比处理,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对其中的铁、镍、锰、铜、钾、锌、镁、钙等8种元素含量进行了测定。测定数据证明微波消解方法优于传统的湿热消解法。将微波消解前处理技术优化后再采用微波消解处理时方法的回收率为92.99%~115.57%,RSD<10.0%,各元素的测定检出限也表明该方法更快速、方便,测定结果准确可靠。     

Involvement of Ca~(2+) activated K~+channels in receptor regulated sperm motility in rats

Involvement of Ca~(2+) activated K~+channels in receptor regulated sperm motility in rats