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91.
Ingmar Blümcke Maria Thom Eleonora Aronica Dawna D. Armstrong Fabrice Bartolomei Andrea Bernasconi Neda Bernasconi Christian G. Bien Fernando Cendes Roland Coras J. Helen Cross Thomas S. Jacques Philippe Kahane Gary W. Mathern Haijme Miyata Solomon L. Moshé Buge Oz Çiğdem Özkara Emilio Perucca Sanjay Sisodiya Samuel Wiebe Roberto Spreafico 《Epilepsia》2013,54(7):1315-1329
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most frequent histopathology encountered in patients with drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Over the past decades, various attempts have been made to classify specific patterns of hippocampal neuronal cell loss and correlate subtypes with postsurgical outcome. However, no international consensus about definitions and terminology has been achieved. A task force reviewed previous classification schemes and proposes a system based on semiquantitative hippocampal cell loss patterns that can be applied in any histopathology laboratory. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement studies reached consensus to classify three types in anatomically well‐preserved hippocampal specimens: HS International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) type 1 refers always to severe neuronal cell loss and gliosis predominantly in CA1 and CA4 regions, compared to CA1 predominant neuronal cell loss and gliosis (HS ILAE type 2), or CA4 predominant neuronal cell loss and gliosis (HS ILAE type 3). Surgical hippocampus specimens obtained from patients with TLE may also show normal content of neurons with reactive gliosis only (no‐HS). HS ILAE type 1 is more often associated with a history of initial precipitating injuries before age 5 years, with early seizure onset, and favorable postsurgical seizure control. CA1 predominant HS ILAE type 2 and CA4 predominant HS ILAE type 3 have been studied less systematically so far, but some reports point to less favorable outcome, and to differences regarding epilepsy history, including age of seizure onset. The proposed international consensus classification will aid in the characterization of specific clinicopathologic syndromes, and explore variability in imaging and electrophysiology findings, and in postsurgical seizure control. 相似文献
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Dariusz Adamek Kolawole D. Sofowora Magdalena Cwiklinska Izabela Herman-Sucharska Stanislaw Kwiatkowski 《Child's nervous system》2013,29(5):849-854
Introduction
Embryonal tumor with abundant neuropil and true rosettes (ETANTR) is a rare subtype of primitive neuroectodermal tumors first reported in 2000. It is rare among the group of embryonal central nervous system tumors with approximately 50 reported cases. ETANTR has been suggested to be a separate entity among this group of tumors.Case report
Herein, we present only the second autopsy case of ETANTR, which occurred in a 17-month-old boy, and was located in the brainstem. The tumor was inoperable, and despite chemotherapy, the child died 3 months after initial hospitalization. A brain only autopsy was performed.Discussion
Neuropathological and neuroimaging examinations suggest ETANTR grew by expansion rather than invasion distorting anatomical structures of the posterior fossa. We suggest that the characteristic histopathological picture of the tumor is the result of multifocal and dispersed germinative activity surrounded by mature neuropil-like areas.Conclusion
ETANTR is a pediatric tumor occurring in children under 4 with a significantly poor prognosis with more cases and research required to characterize this rare embryonal tumor. 相似文献94.
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Margueritta Al Zallouha Yann Landkocz Clémence Méausoone Fréderic Ledoux Fabien Visade Fabrice Cazier Perrine J. Martin Mireille Borgie Jean-Jacques Vitagliano Gauthier Trémolet Jean-Charles Cailliez Pierre Gosset Dominique Courcot Sylvain Billet 《Journal of applied toxicology : JAT》2020,40(5):619-630
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Benjamin G. Chousterman Alexandre Boissonnas Lucie Poupel Camille Baudesson de Chanville Julien Adam Nahid Tabibzadeh Fabrice Licata Anne-Claire Lukaszewicz Amélie Lombès Philippe Deterre Didier Payen Christophe Combadière 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2016,27(3):792-803
Monocytes have a crucial role in both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenomena occurring during sepsis. Monocyte recruitment and activation are orchestrated by the chemokine receptors CX3CR1 and CCR2 and their cognate ligands. However, little is known about the roles of these cells and chemokines during the acute phase of inflammation in sepsis. Using intravital microscopy in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis, we showed that inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes infiltrated kidneys, exhibited altered motility, and adhered strongly to the renal vascular wall in a chemokine receptor CX3CR1-dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of Cx3cr1-proficient monocyte-enriched bone marrow cells into septic Cx3cr1-depleted mice prevented kidney damage and promoted mouse survival. Modulation of CX3CR1 activation in septic mice controlled monocyte adhesion, regulated proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression, and was associated with the extent of kidney lesions such that the number of lesions decreased when CX3CR1 activity increased. Consistent with these results, the pro-adhesive I249 CX3CR1 allele in humans was associated with a lower incidence of AKI in patients with sepsis. These data show that inflammatory monocytes have a protective effect during sepsis via a CX3CR1-dependent adhesion mechanism. This receptor might be a new therapeutic target for kidney injury during sepsis. 相似文献