分级检验在血脂检验中的应用价值

目的：对分级检验在血脂检验中的应用价值进行评价分析,为今后临床检验工作提供可靠的参考依据。方法选取2012年8月~2014年8月在本院接受血脂检验患者109例,均采集血液标本6 ml,平均分成2份,分别采取拉网式检验和分级检验2种不同的检验方法对血脂水平进行检验,对比分析检验结果。结果2种方法在检测低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A值和B值方面的结果有显著性差异(P<0.05),三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的检验结果则无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论分级检验能够对高血脂进行直接准确检测,临床价值显著,值得关注并推广。     

Plasma cells induce apoptosis of pre-B cells by interacting with bone marrow stromal cells

By using two-color phenotypic analysis with fluorescein isothiocyanate- anti-CD38 and phycoerythrin-anti-CD19 antibodies, we found that pre-B cells (CD38+CD19+) signifcantly decreased depending on the number of plasma cells (CD38++CD19+) in the bone marrow (BM) in the cases with BM plasmacytosis, such as myelomas and even polyclonal gammopathy. To clarify how plasma cells suppress survival of pre-B cells, we examined the effect of plasma cells on the survival of pre-B cells with or without BM-derived stromal cells in vitro. Pre-B cells alone rapidly entered apoptosis, but interleukin-7 (IL-7), a BM stromal cell line (KM- 102), or culture supernatants of KM-102 cells could support pre-B cell survival. On the other hand, inhibitory factors such as transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and macrophage inflammatory protein- 1beta (MIP-1beta) could suppress survival of pre-B cells even in the presence of IL-7. Plasma cells alone could not suppress survival of pre- B cells in the presence of IL-7, but coculture of plasma cells with KM- 102 cells or primary BM stromal cells induced apoptosis of pre-B cells. Supernatants of coculture with KM-102 and myeloma cell lines (KMS-5) also could suppress survival of pre-B cells. Furthermore, we examined the expression of IL-7, TGF-beta1, and MIP-1beta mRNA in KM-102 cells and primary stromal cells cocultured with myeloma cell lines (KMS-5). In these cells, IL-7 mRNA was downregulated, but the expression of TGF- beta1 and MIP-1beta mRNA was augmented. Therefore, these results suggest that BM-derived stromal cells attached to plasma (myeloma) cells were modulated to secrete lesser levels of supporting factor (IL- 7) and higher levels of inhibitory factors (TGF-beta1 and MIP-1beta) for pre-B cell survival, which could explain why the increased number of plasma (myeloma) cells induced suppression of pre-B cells in the BM. This phenomenon may represent a feedback loop between pre-B cells and plasma cells via BM stromal cells in the BM.     

Neonatal airway obstruction caused by rapidly growing nasopharyngeal teratoma

A case report is presented of a rapidly growing congenital nasopharyngeal teratoma (epignathus) in a preterm infant, leading to severe upper airway obstruction. Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasonography did not reveal the condition because the tumour masses were initially small and there was no polyhydramnios. Epignathus is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction of the newborn that can grow rapidly in the neonatal period and should be treated surgically.
Conclusion:  Epignathus is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction of the newborn that can grow rapidly in the neonatal period.     

头孢克肟胶囊人体药动学研究及生物等效性评价

目的：研究头孢克肟胶囊在健康人体内的药动学及生物等效性。方法：以18名健康志愿者为试验对象，采用同体交叉试验方法，分别单剂量口服受试制剂或参比制剂各400mg，采用HPLC法测定血浆中药物浓度。结果：参比制剂和受试制剂的tmax分别为（3．39±0．50）和（3．39±0．50）h，cmax分别为（2．33±0．33）和（2．27±0．25）μg／mL，t1／2分别为（3．92±0．85）和（4．41±0．68）h，AUC0～16分别为（14．61±2．67）和（14．82±2．02）μg·h·mL^-1，AUC0～∞分别为（16．00±3．13）和（16．81±2．62）μg·h·mL^-1。结论：受试制剂与参比制剂生物等效，受试制剂的相对生物利用度为（98．69±13．13）％。     

Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation: Improved demonstration using spiral CT

Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) is an uncommon condition which is often missed at presentation because of its rarity and the relative subtlety of plain film X-ray findings, but early detection and appropriate management are vital for a cure. We describe three cases in which the use of spiral computed tomography scanning with 3D and sagittal reconstructions greatly aided diagnosis and management. The 3D images gave a more graphic picture of the overall alignment of the upper cervical spine and the skull base, while the sagittal reconstructions demonstrated the presence or absence of compensatory atlanto-occipital subluxation. The literature is briefly reviewed.     

Management of childhood diseases during the Byzantine period: V − Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus was a recognizable medical problem during the Byzantine period. In the medical texts of the time it was attributed to the pressure that was applied on the newborn's head during labour. The suggested treatments focused on the relief of the symptoms only and surgical methods were believed to be helpful in very rare cases.     

Management of childhood diseases during the Byzantine period: VI − Ocular diseases

Ocular manifestations were recognizable and are reported in the Byzantine medical treatises from the 4th to the 15th century AD. Herbal, mineral and chemical substances in the form of collyria were used by the Byzantine physicians for the treatment of ocular abnormalities and ophthalmic diseases of the childhood. Surgical intervention was not recommended at this age.