提孜那甫河流域地表太阳辐射估算及其影响因素分析

地表太阳辐射是地球表层主要能量来源,对地表能量平衡、能量交换以及生态水文过程等具有决定性意义。山区地形复杂,其地表太阳辐射时空差异较大且较难估算。采用适用于山区的地表太阳辐射模型对西北昆仑山提孜那甫河流域地表太阳辐射时空分布进行了估算,分析了该流域季节太阳辐射空间分布规律并探讨了地形和云2个重要因素对太阳辐射空间分布的影响。结果表明:（1） 地形因子中周围地形阻挡即地形开阔度（Sky view factor,SVF）与年总太阳辐射的关系最为显著,太阳辐射随SVF增加而增加。（2） 年总太阳辐射随着高程增加首先减少,再而随之增加。探究SVF随高程的变化,发现其与太阳辐射随高程的变化趋势较为一致,因此在山区复杂地形下地表太阳辐射估算中仅利用高程对其校正存在明显不足,需综合考虑地形效应。（3） 研究计算了季节云出现频率空间分布与太阳辐射空间分布的相关系数,结果表明夏季太阳辐射受云影响较其他季节显著。定量分析了地形因子以及云对地表太阳辐射空间分布影响的贡献率,周围地形阻挡SVF对地表太阳辐射空间分布的影响最大,高程和云次之。因此综合考虑地形和云对太阳辐射的影响在山区太阳辐射模拟中是非常必要的,研究可为山区地表太阳辐射模拟提供理论依据,并为山区生态水文过程研究提供方法支撑。     

Interpretation of aeromagnetic anomalies over part of Southeastern Nigeria using three-dimensional Hilbert transformation

We present the results of the application of three-dimensional Hilbert transformation to the analysis of airborne total field magnetic anomalies over part of Southeastern Nigeria. This study not only substantiates the usefulness of 3-D Hilbert transforms in the interpretation of magnetic anomaly maps but also more clearly delineates the structural pattern of the area, of study. Results from the previous study are discussed in relation to the results of previous geological and geophysical studies of the area.     

A case study of atmospheric boundary layer features during winter over a tropical inland station — Kharagpur (22.32°N, 87.32°E)

The local weather and air quality over a region are greatly influenced by the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) structure and dynamics. ABL characteristics were measured using a tethered balloon-sonde system over Kharagpur (22.32°N, 87.32°E, 40m above MSL), India, for the period 7 December 2004 to 30 December 2004, as a part of the Indian Space Research Organization-Geosphere Biosphere Program (ISRO-GBP) Aerosol Land Campaign II. High-resolution data of pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction were archived along with surface layer measurements using an automatic weather station. This paper presents the features of ABL, like ABL depth and nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) depth. The sea surface winds from Quikscat over the oceanic regions near the experiment site were analyzed along with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis winds over Kharagpur to estimate the convergence of wind, moisture and vorticity to understand the observed variations in wind speed and relative humidity, and also the increased aerosol concentrations. The variation of ventilation coefficient (V C), a factor determining the air pollution potential over a region, is also discussed in detail.     

Stellar contents of two young open clusters: NGC 663 and 654

UBVRI CCD photometry in a wide field around two young open clusters, NGC 663 and 654, has been carried out. Hα and polarimetric observations for the cluster NGC 654 have also been obtained. We use the photometric data to construct colour–colour and colour–magnitude diagrams, from which we can investigate the reddening, age, mass and evolutionary states of the stellar contents of the these clusters. The reddening across the cluster regions is found to be variable. There is evidence for anomalous reddening law in both clusters; however, more infrared and polarimetric data are needed to conclude about the reddening law. Both clusters are situated at about a distance of 2.4 kpc. Star formation in both clusters is found to be a continuous process. In the case of NGC 663, star formation seems to have taken place sequentially, in the sense that formation of low-mass stars precedes the formation of most massive stars. Whereas, in the case of NGC 654, formation of low-mass stars did not cease after the formation of most massive stars in the cluster.     

A GIS based hydrogeomorphic approach for identification of site-specific artificial-recharge techniques in the Deccan Volcanic Province

The Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP) of India, as a whole, faces a severe shortage of water despite receiving a high annual rainfall, this is primarily due to excess runoff and lack of water conservation practices. In this study, an attempt is made to identify zones favourable for the application and adaptation of site-specific artificial-recharge techniques for augmentation of groundwater through a Geographical Information System (GIS) based hydrogeomorphic approach in the Bhatsa and Kalu river basins of Thane district, in western DVP. The criteria adopted for the GIS analysis were based on the hydrogeomorphological characteristics of both basins extracted from the IRS-1C LISS-III data supported by information on drainage pattern, DEM derived slope, lineament density, drainage density, and groundwater condition. The integrated study helps design a suitable groundwater management plan for a basaltic terrain.     

Use of Roche coordinates in the problems of small oscillations of tidally distorted stellar models

The system of Roche coordinates developed by Kopal to study the problems of stars in close binary systems has been used to study the problems of small oscillations of tidally distorted stars.     

Correction to: Projection of Iron Ore Production

Natural Resources Research - The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error in Equation 3.