云南个旧南部地区元素地球化学特征

在野外调研和大量样品采集分析的基础上， 运用数学地质中对应分析和因子分析两种方法对样品和变量进行分类划分和成因解释。首先，将样品和元素进行综合计算，按第一、二因子轴作出样品－元素因子平面图，在图上划分四个象限，按象限进行分类，探讨其样品－元素分类规律。其次，按象限计算因子载荷矩阵，分析各因子轴所代表的元素共生组成规律和成矿期次。根据上述研究认为第一因子轴（F1）所代表的Sn、Cu、Pb、Cu、Zn、Au、Ag等元素为主成矿元素组合和主成矿期次，而其它因子轴所代表的Mo、W、Bi、Be等元素为次成矿元素组合和次成矿期次。成矿作用是在区域构造应力驱动力的作用下，与花岗岩侵入有关。成矿溶液除来自深源以外，还与周围基性岩体（脉）和围岩密切相关，矿液实质是一种混合矿浆，在上升运移过程中，充填在有利的构造部位和有利 的地层层位中形成矿体。     

原子荧光法测定地质样品和生物样品中痕量锗

本义采用氢化物法分离技术，使样品溶液中的锗转变为气态氢化锗（ＧｅＨ＿４），达到与基体分离的目的，有效地消除了各种离子的干扰。研究并证明了在１５％以上的磷酸介质中，各种酸（ＨＣｌ，Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４，ＨＮＯ＿３，ＨＣＩＯ＿４）度在１％－１０％的范围内变化均不影响锗的测定，大大简化了操作手续，方法灵敏度高、使用范围广、准确、简便、快速。Ｇｅ的检出限为０．１μｇ／ｇ，相对标准偏差＜７％。可应用于地质，冶金，生物，环保，卫生，食品中微量锗的测定。     

用β—γ1.46Mev测定含钾样中的铀

在β-γ综合测铀基础上,用大晶体、大道宽,突出~(40)K的11.46MeVγ贡献,使钾的铀当量趋近零值,可以实现含钾样中铀的准确测定。     

钛基柱撑累托石矿物材料的研究

在氮气环境中用TiCI4和HCI制成钛基柱撑液，采用离子交换法，用[Ti20O32(OH)12(OH2)18]^4 Dawson型Ti多核阳离子，交换累托石蒙皂石质晶层中的Na等阳离子，制成钛基柱撑累托石。通过电子探针定量分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热分析及魔角旋转核磁共振等方法，对钛基柱撑累托石的成分、结构和热稳定性进行了表征。钛基柱撑累托石具1．6nm的层孔隙，是一种很有应用前途的柱撑粘土矿物材料，有望在催化剂载体及环保材料领域中得到广泛的使用。     

桂中都安-马山煌斑岩成因及其构造意义

为精确厘定桂中地区都安-马山带煌斑岩的形成时代并探讨其源区属性、构造环境及其动力学背景,对其进行了LA?ICP?MS锆石U?Pb定年、40Ar?39Ar金云母定年、Hf同位素分析测试和全岩地球化学研究.结果表明,锆石U?Pb定年未能成功限定煌斑岩的成岩年龄,但煌斑岩中发育大量2578～1650 Ma的捕获锆石,指示其存...     

基于欧拉反褶积法的无人机航磁找矿应用

无人机航磁测量以其高效、安全、低成本等优点逐渐应用到中小面积大比例尺资源勘探领域。本文针对安徽芜湖市三山区22 km²区域构造刻画和找矿前景预测,开展1∶20 000高精度无人机航磁测量工作;推导了欧拉反演求解过程,并分析对比构造指数选取,使用构造指数为0的欧拉反褶积对航磁数据进行反演求解,获得地下磁异常体构造边界解集信息;将其应用到研究区域航磁数据反演,根据反演得到的边界位置和深度信息圈定了18处断裂,并结合异常特征给出了8.7 km²岩浆岩分布区,根据宁芜区域铁矿成矿特点,圈定岩浆分布区及边界为成矿详查区。     

黑龙江省浅覆盖区地物化特征与找矿标志——以黑河市340高地金矿化区为例

黑龙江省黑河市340高地金矿点大地构造上位于兴安地块东北缘,多宝山Cu-Au-Mo-W-Fe成矿亚带内,其地貌为浅覆盖区,找矿较为困难。本文采用浅钻技术取样,对研究区进行基岩填图,圈定出以硅化为中心、青磐岩化为外围的蚀变矿化带。对基岩样品进行岩石地球化学分析,通过主成分分析,确定有6个主成分特征值大于1,其中第二主成分与金元素关系密切,是研究区有效的找矿标志。高精度磁测结果显示区内构造以NNW向为主,且其线性低值异常或与蚀变引起的退磁有关。对区内的地物化异常进行工程查证,发现金矿点1处,圈定预测靶区1处。     

基于新测年资料的蓟县运动和燕山早期运动表现探讨:以深圳西部地区及东部大鹏半岛国家地质公园地区为例

近3年来在深圳西部及东部大鹏半岛国家地质公园等地,笔者等参加了地质路线调查研究和取样工作,先后采集了20组岩石同位素定年样品,采用新方法锆石U-Pb定年激光测试法测试,其中获得7个数据集中在1 007～897 Ma,首次发现中-新元古代蓟县纪-青白口纪,并基本可以证实蓟县运动(1 400～1 000 Ma)的存在;对中...     

Chemical and Strontium Isotopic Compositions of the Hanjiang Basin Rivers in China: Anthropogenic Impacts and Chemical Weathering

The Hanjiang River, the largest tributaries of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River, is the water source area of the Middle Route of China’s South-to-North Water Transfer Project. The chemical and strontium isotopic compositions of the river waters are determined with the main purpose of understanding the contribution of chemical weathering processes and anthropogenic inputs on river solutes, as well as the associated CO₂ consumption in the carbonate-dominated basin. The major ion compositions of the Hanjiang River waters are characterized by the dominance of Ca²⁺ and HCO₃ ⁻, followed by Mg²⁺ and SO₄ ²⁻. The increase in TDS and major anions (Cl⁻, NO₃ ⁻, and SO₄ ²⁻) concentrations from upstream to downstream is ascribed to both extensive influences from agriculture and domestic activities over the Hanjiang basin. The chemical and Sr isotopic analyses indicate that three major weathering sources (dolomite, limestone, and silicates) contribute to the total dissolved loads. The contributions of the different end-members to the dissolved load are calculated with the mass balance approach. The calculated results show that the dissolved load is dominated by carbonates weathering, the contribution of which accounts for about 79.4% for the Hanjiang River. The silicate weathering and anthropogenic contributions are approximately 12.3 and 6.87%, respectively. The total TDS fluxes from chemical weathering calculated for the water source area (the upper Hanjiang basin) and the whole Hanjiang basin are approximately 3.8 × 10⁶ and 6.1 × 10⁶ ton/year, respectively. The total chemical weathering (carbonate and silicate) rate for the Hanjiang basin is approximately 38.5 ton/km²/year or 18.6 mm/k year, which is higher than global mean values. The fluxes of CO₂ consumption by carbonate and silicate weathering are estimated to be 56.4 × 10⁹ and 12.9 × 10⁹ mol/year, respectively.     

Multistage melt/fluid-peridotite interactions in the refertilized lithospheric mantle beneath the North China Craton: constraints from the Li–Sr–Nd isotopic disequilibrium between minerals of peridotite xenoliths

Elemental and Li–Sr–Nd isotopic data of minerals in spinel peridotites hosted by Cenozoic basalts allow us to refine the existing models for Li isotopic fractionation in mantle peridotites and constrain the melt/fluid-peridotite interaction in the lithospheric mantle beneath the North China Craton. Highly elevated Li concentrations in cpx (up to 24 ppm) relative to coexisting opx and olivine (<4 ppm) indicate that the peridotites experienced metasomatism by mafic silicate melts and/or fluids. The mineral δ⁷Li vary greatly, with olivine (+0.7 to +5.4‰) being isotopically heavier than coexisting opx (−4.4 to −25.9‰) and cpx (−3.3 to −21.4‰) in most samples. The δ⁷Li in pyroxenes are considerably lower than the normal mantle values and show negative correlation with their Li abundances, likely due to recent Li ingress attended by diffusive fractionation of Li isotopes. Two exceptional samples have olivine δ⁷Li of −3.0 and −7.9‰, indicating the existence of low δ⁷Li domains in the mantle, which could be transient and generated by meter-scale diffusion of Li during melt/fluid-peridotite interaction. The ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd (0.5123–0.5139) and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.7018–0.7062) in the pyroxenes also show a large variation, in which the cpx are apparently lower in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and slightly higher in ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd than coexisting opx, implying an intermineral Sr–Nd isotopic disequilibrium. This is observed more apparently in peridotites having low ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and high ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios than in those with high ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and low ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, suggesting that a relatively recent interaction existed between an ancient metasomatized lithospheric mantle and asthenospheric melt, which transformed the refractory peridotites with highly radiogenic Sr and unradiogenic Nd isotopic compositions to the fertile lherzolites with unradiogenic Sr and radiogenic Nd isotopic compositions. Therefore, we argue that the lithospheric mantle represented by the peridotites has been heterogeneously refertilized by multistage melt/fluid-peridotite interactions.