海南省海砂资源勘查开发现状与对策分析

文章对海南岛周边海砂资源的分布、质量和潜力进行了分析,认为海南岛周边的潮流沙脊是今后勘查开发的重点。结合海南省海砂资源需求,分析了海南省海砂勘查、开发及管理现状,海砂开采形式粗放以及海砂开发活动无序是主要特点,并深入探讨了海砂勘查开发过程中存在的突出问题,如法律法规不健全、监管难度大、勘查程度较低、环境影响较大等。提出了海南省在海砂勘查开发和管理方面的建议:完善法律法规,加强制度创新建设;加强海砂开发动态监管,增大执法力度;开展系统勘查,编制海砂开发总体规划;注重环境保护,提升资源利用效率。     

海南岛东北部海域海砂资源特征及成因

海南岛周边浅海海砂资源丰富,其东北部海域砂、砾质沉积物分布面积可达数百平方千米,平均厚度超过10m,均为全新世海相沉积。通过对海南岛东北部海域的水深、地层、沉积物粒度等方面的调查,研究了该区域海砂资源的分布、范围、规模、厚度及沉积环境,对海砂的质量和开发利用进行了初步分析。其中,位于琼州海峡东口的潮流沙脊区是海砂的主要分布区域,沉积厚度在20m以上,海砂分选好、次圆状,砂含量超过80%,海砂各项指标良好,用途广泛。研究区海砂资源主要受海底地形和潮流的共同作用而形成,属全新世陆架潮流沉积体系,近岸处亦受到陆域物质输入和浅水波浪的影响,沉积物来源主要为琼州海峡内部和粤西,海南岛的物质供给可能相对较少。     

体质辨证指导下四妙健步汤加减治疗膝骨性关节炎100例

目的：观察体质辨证指导下四妙健步汤加减治疗膝骨性关节炎（KOA）的临床疗效。方法：将KOA患者200例随机分为治疗组及对照组,每组各100例。治疗组采用体质辨证指导下四妙健步汤加减治疗,对照组采用西药治疗。2组均于治疗2周后观察综合疗效、疼痛视觉模拟（VAS）评分、Lysholm膝关节评分。结果：总有效率治疗组为96.0%,对照组为88.0%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组VAS评分及Lysholm膝关节评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：体质辨证指导下四妙健步汤加减治疗KOA疗效佳,且体质学说对指导临床用药具有积极意义。     

新疆克拉玛依市生态敏感性研究(英文)

Karamay City is a typical mining city, relying on oilfield exploration and development. After 60 years of construction and development, Karamay has become the first large oilfield and an important base of the national petroleum and petrochemical industry in China. Based on spatial analysis, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) grid computing and overlay techniques, whilst considering the effect of oilfield development and aimed at the ecological problems of Karamay City in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, we conducted research on the spatial characteristics of the comprehensive ecological sensitivity of Karamay. The ecological problems of natural environment evolution include soil erosion, land deserti-fication, soil salinization, and biodiversity reduction. The most significant disturbance factor from the activities of humans in this area is oilfield exploitation. This study carries out an analysis of single factor ecological problem sensitivity and integrated ecological sensitivity. The results of the research are as follows: (1) Soil erosion is relatively sensitive, especially in Karamay district, Dushanzi district, north of Urho district and west of Baijiantan district, which is mainly a result of the vertical dropping slopes, serious rainfall erosion and the distribution of scattered woodland. (2) The main types of land desertification are represented by high and moderate grade sensitivities, and high and extremely high sensitive areas are distributed in the intersection of Karamay and Baijiantan districts. This is due to evaporation exceeding rainfall in these areas, and the soil mainly consists of sand and is seldom covered by vegetation. (3) The soil salinizatiion sensitivity grades are mainly moderate, high and extremely high. The highly sensitive areas are mainly distributed in southeast of Baijiantan district, north and east of Karamay district and east of Urho district. The primary causes are evaporation exceeding rainfall and extreme human activities. (4) The main types of biodiversity sensitivity are light and moderate grade. Highly sensitive areas are located in the east and south of Karamay district, north of the Baiyang River basin and parts of the wetland areas. (5) Oil fields development areas are highly ecologically sensitive, which are located in the northern oilfields of Urho district, western oilfields of Baijiantan district, northwestern oilfields of Karamay district and central oilfields of Dushanzi district. (6) The main types of integrated ecological sen-sitivity are high and moderate. The high and extremely highly sensitive areas are located in the central and northern parts of Karamay district, and southwest of Baijiantan district. The evaluation results will provide guidance for the future planning and development, the protection of the ecological environment and the realization of harmonious social, economic, and ecological development in Karamay City.     

长螺旋超流态混凝土灌注桩施工技术

结合工程实例,介绍了长螺旋超流态混凝土灌注桩的施工工艺、适用范围、技术特点及单桩竖向承载力标准值的计算,阐述了施工过程中的常见问题及预防处理措施。该工艺具有施工工艺简单、环保、施工速度快、成桩质量好的优点,与普通钻孔灌注桩相比,单桩承载力提高50%以上,桩身混凝土用量减少40%以上,施工费用减少40%。     

独立基础设计及相关问题的理解与建议

论述了钢筋混凝土柱下独立基础以及独立基础加防水板的设计过程及方法,对设计中需注意的相关问题提出了作者的见解和建议。可供类似工程参考。     

水文地球化学模拟在地下水化学成分形成过程研究中的应用

为进一步探究和田河流域绿洲区地下水化学演化规律,采用水文地球化学模拟法定量分析该区地下水化学成分形成过程。以绿洲区1980、2014和2017年地下水化学检测数据为基础,运用PHERRQC软件建立反向水文地球化学模型对水-岩相互作用进行模拟。结果表明：浓缩作用、溶滤作用及阳离子交替吸附作用是控制绿洲区地下水化学成分形成与变化的主要作用,气候条件、地下水动力条件和地层岩性为主要影响因素。由强径流区到弱径流区,水动力条件逐渐变差,岩土溶滤作用逐渐变弱,蒸发浓缩作用不断加强,致使地下水的TDS、TH和主要离子含量逐渐升高,水化学类型以Cl·SO₄·HCO₃-Na·Ca型为主转变为以Cl-Na型、Cl·SO₄-Na型为主。弱径流区内阳离子交替吸附作用显著,改变着地下水中Na⁺和Ca²⁺含量。     

内外业一体化历史建筑保护系统研究——以潮州为例

近年来,GIS技术已在越来越多的领域中得到了应用。在历史建筑保护领域,GIS主要用于建筑的空间信息展示及空间分析;在历史建筑信息采集方面,传统调研方式在调研前期缺少GIS技术的投入,主要集中在后期数据入库以及统计分析等功能上。本文介绍了基于GIS移动终端的历史建筑信息快速采集技术,通过统一的内外业采集系统,改变了以往内外业工作割裂的模式,并依据统一的数据标准,将外业现场调研的数据直接导入到内业数据生产平台,以缩短中间环节,实现内外业一体化,提高了历史建筑保护数据的生产效率。     

基于国情普查的离任审计数据整合技术研究

针对自然资源资产数据结构不同、类型各异等问题,研究基于地理国情普查数据,并结合多源遥感影像,实现了国土、林业、水利、环保、矿产等多源多时态异构数据的整合,初步建立了一套规范化、标准化的自然资源资产离任审计数据整合技术流程,对自然资源资产离任审计工作的顺利开展具有一定的借鉴意义.     

南京台763地震仪记录干扰的排除和机理探讨

1 存在的问题 南京台763仪器自安装以来,水平分向记录一直干扰严重,尤其当外界环境变化较大时(如台风、寒流等),记录图上就会出现大幅度的干扰,严重影响了分析工作的进行.对此,我们曾做过一些工作,但始终未能解决.