FY-3气象卫星紫外臭氧总量探测仪辐亮度在轨定标与反演结果分析

FY-3气象卫星上搭载的紫外臭氧总量探测仪TOU是我国自主开发研制的首台用于全球臭氧总量定量测量的探测仪,自发射以来已成功在轨运行近两年.由于TOU发射前辐亮度定标存在偏差,为了得到高精度的产品,TOU必须进行在轨定标.本文介绍了基于辐射传输模式计算对TOU辐亮度进行在轨道定标的方法,定标过程中用于模拟辐亮度计算的臭氧总量由与TOU观测时刻相近的国外臭氧总量探测仪器MetOp/GOME-2提供.文章将在轨定标后TOU的反演结果与AURA/OMI以及地基的产品进行比较,结果表明,用辐射传输模式对TOU辐亮度进行在轨定标的方法是可行的,反演结果能够真实地反映臭氧的时空分布特性,在全球部分地基观测站所处的位置上对TOU, OMI以及地基的臭氧总量进行比较的结果表明,TOU与OMI的相对偏差均方根约为2.52%,TOU与地基以及OMI与地基观测结果之间的相对偏差均方根分别为4.45%和3.89%.     

国家测绘局党组深入学习实践科学发展观

9月23日上午,国家测绘局党组书记、局长鹿心社主持召开党组会,学习传达胡锦涛总书记重要讲话和第一批深入学习实践科学发展观活动工作会议精神。党组成员一致表示,坚决拥护中央的决策部署,自觉投身于学习实践科学发展观活动,带头深入学习,带头调查研究,带头解放思想,带头分析检查,带头整改落实,按照中央要求切实搞好国家测绘局学习实践活动。     

CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPHOON PRECIPITATION OVER CHINA

The spatio-temporal characteristics of typhoon precipitation over China are analyzed in this study. The results show that typhoon precipitation covers most of central-eastern China. Typhoon precipitation gradually decreases from the southeastern coastal regions to the northwestern mainland. The maximum annual typhoon precipitation exceeds 700 mm in central-eastern Taiwan and part of Hainan, while the minimum annual typhoon precipitation occurs in parts of Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Sichuan, with values less than 10 mm. Generally, typhoons produce precipitation over China during April – December with a peak in August. The annual typhoon precipitation time series for observation stations are examined for long-term trends. The results show that decreasing trends exist in most of the stations from 1957 to 2004 and are statistically significant in parts of Taiwan, Hainan, coastal Southeast China and southern Northeast China. The anomaly of typhoon precipitation mainly results from that of the general circulation over Asia and the Walker Cell circulation over the equatorial central and eastern Pacific. Typhoon torrential rain is one of the extreme rainfall events in the southeastern coastal regions and parts of central mainland. In these regions, torrential rains are mostly caused by typhoons.     

The criterion of gravity wave instability induced by photochemistry in summer polar mesopause region

This paper studies the effect of photochemistry on the gravity wave instability in summer polar mesopause region. The calculation method of the effects of eddy viscosity, conductivity and eddy diffusion of chemical species on the gravity wave instability induced by photochemistry are studied. The critical wavelength of the instability is given in this paper. The influences of some parameters on it are discussed. The study shows that the gravity wave instability induced by photochemistry is sensitive to the temperature and atomic oxygen profiles.     

云顶高度对紫外辐射反演臭氧总量的影响

云顶高度是紫外后向散射反演臭氧总量算法的莺要参数.利用模拟计算,对云顶高度误差引起的与臭氧反演相关的误差,即内插误差,云上臭氧误差以及云下臭氧误差进行了分析比较,结果表明:相对内插误差,云上臭氧误差和云下臭氧误差比较大,且两者不能抵消,反而总是相互叠加在一起.当假设的云顶高度比真实值高,两种误差相加使得反演值比真实值偏高;若假设的云顶高度比真实值低,两种误差相加使得反演值比真实值偏低.在本文假设条件成立的基础上,臭氧反演误差在10%～-20%之间分布.对2003年7月30日低纬地区的EPTOMS(Earth Probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)云天实测资料反演的结果与理论计算的结果相一致.