基于Illumina HiseqTM 2000高通量转录组测序的里氏拟石磺SSR 标记开发

为给石磺科贝类系统进化研究和资源保育工作提供更有效的分子标记,使用Illumina Hiseq TM2000高通量测序技术对里氏拟石磺进行转录组测序,以所得的拼接序列为基础,利用MISA和SSR Hunter1.3软件进行微卫星序列的查找,对选出的51个微卫星位点进行引物设计,经PCR扩增得到单一清晰扩增条带的位点24个,研究湛江里氏拟石磺群体扩增。结果表明,其中14个位点表现多态性。14个多态性位点得到的等位基因数为2~4,其中观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)分别为0.031 3~0.714 3和0.031 3~0.708 4,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.089 5~0.640 5,14个位点中的2个位点表现为高度多态性(PIC0.5),10个位点表现为中度多态性(0.5PIC0.25),另外2个位点表现为低度多态性(PIC0.25)。经Sequential Bonferroni校正的Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验,9个位点不偏离平衡(P0.05)。开发的SSR标记可用于里氏拟石磺群体遗传学和石磺科贝类间的系统发生研究,并为里氏拟石磺的群体种质保护提供数据支持。     

Characteristics, Formation Periods, and Controlling Factors of Tectonic Fractures in Carbonate Geothermal Reservoirs: A Case Study of the Jixianian System in the Xiong’an New Area, China

As typical carbonate geothermal reservoirs with low porosity in northern China, the Jixianian System in the Xiong’an New Area is the main target for geothermal fluid exploration. The Jixianian System comprises the Gaoyuzhuang, Yangzhuang, Wumishan, Hongshuizhuang, and Tieling formations. The characteristics, formation periods, and controlling factors of reservoir tectonic fractures have been determined based on analyses of outcrops, cores, thin sections, and image logs. The results show that unfilled fractures account for over 87% and most tectonic fractures are high-angle shear fractures with angles concentrated at 40° to 70° and the fracture porosity increases linearly with an increased fracture aperture. Within the same tectonic setting and stress field, the lithology and layer thickness are the dominant factors governing the development of tectonic fractures, which are the most developed in dolomites and thin layers. Tectonic fractures were most likely formed in regions near faults or areas with larger stress gradients. The tectonic fractures in the carbonate geothermal reservoirs are roughly divided into four sets: NNW–SSE and NNE–SSW oriented ‘X’-conjugated shear fractures formed from the Paleozoic to the pre-Yanshanian Movement; NE–SW-oriented shear fractures, formed in episode B of the Yanshanian Movement, occurred at the Early Cretaceous; nearly E–W-oriented tensional fractures formed in the late Yanshanian Movement at the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene, and NEE–SW-oriented shear fractures formed during the Himalayan movement.     

绿色勘查在土地质量地球化学调查中的探索与实践

土地质量调查作为地球化学勘查的一种技术手段，具有覆盖面积广、样品类型多等特点。在传统土地质量调查基础上开展绿色勘查具有重要的意义。依据土地质量地球化学调查方法技术体系，提出了土地质量地球化学绿色勘查工作思路，依托胶东典型丘陵区“山东省莱阳北部地区土地质量地球化学调查与评价”项目，系统总结了土地质量地球化学调查中生态环境敏感区识别、点位布设及优化、样品采集及回填、样品加工、采样工具优化等方面的绿色勘查经验和做法，开展了绿色勘查示范，为推广绿色勘查在地球化学勘查工作方面提供了借鉴依据。