社区生活圈基础教育设施空间可达性评价与布局优化研究

使用基于Rhino平台的UNA工具包,从住宅楼层面对大连市沙河口区幼儿园、小学和初中3类基础教育设施的空间可达性进行分析,并提出布局优化措施及新增选址方案。主要结论如下：① 各类基础教育设施空间分布不均,存在重复与缺失并存的现象;设施与住宅楼空间分布“错位”现象严重。② 各类基础教育设施均存在服务范围内住宅楼数量较少的问题,学区内的学生上下学需要耗费较长的路程与时间,若设施仅服务于规定服务范围内的居民,则部分设施会存在利用不足的情况。③ 在规定服务范围内,初中的可达比重最大,其次是小学和幼儿园。在规定服务范围外,幼儿园可达性为差及以下的比重最大,其次是初中和小学。④ 设施布局主要存在2个问题：设施供应不足和设施利用不足,对此提出相应的优化思路。并在考虑可达性和供需的情况下,提出2个新增设施参考选址方案,以改善设施可达性。其中方案一增加140所,方案二增加107所。     

新疆西克尔地区碳酸盐岩层系垂向裂缝层控发育模式

为研究裂缝力学层控发育模式,进而实现对裂缝型油气藏碳酸盐岩层系裂缝发育特征有效预测,通过对新疆西克尔露头区地层产状平缓奥陶系碳酸盐岩层系3个野外露头剖面(21号剖面(39°50′17.34″N,77° 28′ 36.12″E)、32号剖面(39°50′18.18″N,77°28′25.62″E)以及43号剖面(39°5...     

南迦巴瓦构造结墨脱地区高Sr/Y花岗岩的成因: 地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素约束

墨脱花岗岩带位于南迦巴瓦构造结东侧,是冈底斯岩浆带的东南延伸部分。本文报道了该地区背崩和达木2个花岗岩体的全岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及锆石Hf同位素数据。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,背崩和达木花岗岩体的年龄分别为62Ma和64.5Ma。岩石地球化学数据显示,两个花岗岩体SiO2含量为71.09%～74.37%,K2O的含量为1.38%～5.93%,A/CNK为1.01～1.02,均属于高钾钙碱性过铝质岩石。所有样品均显示出强烈的轻、重稀土分异((La/Dy)N=13.55～31.3;(La/Yb)N=16.82～50.41),平坦的Ho到Lu稀土元素分布样式((Ho/Yb)N=0.93～1.42),δEu主要介于0.78～1.09,总体上具有正-微弱负异常,具较高Ba、Sr/Y,La/Yb和低Y,Mg#(<45),亏损HFSE元素(Nb、Ti、Zr)。墨脱高Sr/Y花岗岩具有不均一的εHf(t)值(-11.22～4.87)和相对年轻的Hf模式年龄(552～1179Ma)。锆石Hf同位素数据和锆石饱和温度(746～791℃)均显示幔源物质在墨脱花岗岩形成过程中发挥了较为重要的作用。墨脱高Sr/Y花岗岩可能是在印度-亚洲大陆碰撞阶段,由新特提斯洋俯冲过程中产生的基性岩浆底侵作用使陆壳熔融并发生壳幔岩浆混合作用所形成。     

Impacts of a Large-scale Adaptive Blending Scheme for CMA-MESO on Regional Forecasts-A Case Study of Typhoon Haima

Large-scale atmospheric information plays an important role in the regional model for the forecasts of weather such as tropical cyclone (TC). However, it is difficult to be fully represented in regional models due to domain size and a lack of observation data, particularly at sea used in regional data assimilation. Blending analysis has been developed and implemented in regional models to reintroduce large-scale information from global model to regional analysis. Research of the impact of this large-scale blending scheme for the Global / Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System (CMA-MESO) regional model on TC forecasting is limited and this study attempts to further progress by examining the adaptivity of the blending scheme using the two-dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform (2D-DCT) filter on the model forecast of Typhoon Haima over Shenzhen, China in 2016 and considering various cut-off wavelengths. Results showed that the error of the 24-hour typhoon track forecast can be reduced to less than 25 km by applying the scale-dependent blending scheme, indicating that the blending analysis is effectively able to minimise the large-scale bias for the initial fields. The improvement of the wind forecast is more evident for u-wind component according to the reduced root mean square errors (RMSEs) by comparing the experiments with and without blending analysis. Furthermore, the higher equitable threat score (ETS) provided implications that the precipitation prediction skills were increased in the 24h forecast by improving the representation of the large-scale feature in the CMA-MESO analysis. Furthermore, significant differences of the track error forecast were found by applying the blending analysis with different cut-off wavelengths from 400 km to 1200 km and the track error can be reduced less than by 10 km with 400 km cut-off wavelength in the first 6h forecast. It highlighted that the blending scheme with dynamic cut-off wavelengths adapted to the development of different TC systems is necessary in order to optimally introduce and ingest the large-scale information from global model to the regional model for improving the TC forecast. In this paper, the methods and data applied in this study will be firstly introduced, before discussion of the results regarding the performance of the blending analysis and its impacts on the wind and precipitation forecast correspondingly, followed by the discussion of the effects of different blending scheme on TC forecasts and the conclusion section.     

纤维加筋高钙地聚物固化高黏尾砂的强度特性及机制分析

高黏尾砂固化处理是其资源化利用的重要手段之一。以高黏铁尾砂为对象,开展了高钙地聚物固化尾砂的强度特性试验,分析了玄武岩纤维掺量和干湿循环对固化体强度的影响。围绕固化体的微观胶结行为、无侧限抗压强度、干湿侵蚀响应参数（强度、质量损失、电化学指标）展开讨论,试验发现：（1）纤维加筋增大了强度,0.5%为最优掺量（强度提升29.1%）,相当于降低约2%的固化剂用量;（2）纤维-水化产物-尾砂以胶结和摩擦咬合作用相结合,适量纤维导致颗粒间产生微细孔隙,微孔隙的存在增加了持水能力;（3）干湿循环破坏胶结作用,6级循环后达到稳定,纤维对提升固化体抗干湿性不显著。以上成果为弄清固化尾砂强度演化机制及耐久性提供了理论支撑和方法借鉴。     

铬矿石中绿泥石的鉴定特征

铬矿床的产出专属于幔源超Mg-Fe岩浆Si-O系统。岩浆贫Al,Al的含量仅为Si-O系统的0.1%左右,不可能出现铝硅酸盐类矿物。而在经过热液改造的铬矿体中,绿泥石类矿物常见于矿石中,并与造矿矿物铬尖晶石紧密共生。这类绿泥石矿物,肉眼和单偏光镜下与蛇纹石无异,难以鉴别。笔者对内蒙     

玄武湖“五大门”趣话

南京的古城门之多,恐怕与南京古城墙之长一样,要数“世界之最”了。明代有“里十三、外十八”计31座城门,近代以来又陆续增辟几座,总计达到43座。而这其中,就包括玄武湖公园的大部分出入口。 作为南京著名游览胜地的玄武湖,面积有473公顷,水面有368公顷,周长约10公里,每天都有成千上万的中外游客通过它的五座大门涌入园内。而这五座大门,细细考究起来,又都具有一定的历史文化价值,成为玄武湖历史名胜的组成部分。     

《数理统计天气预报文集》出版

当出现悬球状(过去称乳房状)高积云(包括蔽光高积云、复高积云和双层高积云,以下简称悬球状Ac)时,常据此预报未来24小时或12小时内有降水。但实践证明,悬球状Ac的出现,一般表现为天气的“十字路口”。它对未来天气的指示性,不但与当时所处的冷暖区、天气系统部位有关,而且还与特殊云系的活动有关。现就地处云贵高原东南坡的某地情况归纳如下。 1.在暖区(暖气团)内,如果悬球状Ac是从Ci     

云向与天气

在群众中常流传着“云跑西,披蓑衣;云跑南,雨成团;云跑东,一场空;云跑北,雨没得”等谚语。气象员也有许多关于用云向测天的经验,比如高、中云从西南方向或偏西方向有系统地侵入,予示天气不久由晴