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51.
The minimum energy required to transmit one bit of information through a network characterizes the most economical way to communicate in a network. In this paper, we show that, under a layered model of wireless networks, the minimum energy-per-bit for multicasting in a mobile ad hoc network can be found by a linear program; the minimum energy-per-bit can be attained by performing network coding. Compared with conventional routing solutions, network coding not only allows a potentially lower energy-per-bit to be achieved, but also enables the optimal solution to be found in polynomial time, in sharp contrast with the NP-hardness of constructing the minimum-energy multicast tree as the optimal routing solution. We further show that the minimum energy multicast formulation is equivalent to a cost minimization with linear edge-based pricing, where the edge prices are the energy-per-bits of the corresponding physical broadcast links. This paper also investigates minimum energy multicasting with routing. Due to the linearity of the pricing scheme, the minimum energy-per-bit for routing is achievable by using a single distribution tree. A characterization of the admissible rate region for routing with a single tree is presented. The minimum energy-per-bit for multicasting with routing is found by an integer linear program. We show that the relaxation of this integer linear program, studied earlier in the Steiner tree literature, can now be interpreted as the optimization for minimum energy multicasting with network coding. In short, this paper presents a unifying study of minimum energy multicasting with network coding and routing. 相似文献
52.
文章从发展水利经济的必要性入手,列举发展水利经济中存在的种种问题,提出发展水利经济可以采取相关的政策措施、工程措施和管理措施。 相似文献
53.
利用引进的制造技术和设备,制作出了 APT(STLRI)—1.78型系列化光纤连接器。 相似文献
54.
The synthesis of thermal-shock-resistant materials from the system Ta2O5WO3 was investigated. Ta2WO8 had a very low unit-cell thermal expansion coefficient (+0.5 X 10–6° C–1). Ta30W2O81 also had a relatively low coefficient (+4.0 X 10–6 ° C–1) and a thermal durability over 1600° C. The thermal expansion curves of these polycrystalline ceramics were lowered because of microcracks caused by the large thermal expansion anisotropy of the crystal axes and were accompanied by hysteresis loops. The densification of Ta2WO8 ceramic was promoted by the addition of some metal oxides, and the strong ceramic of Ta30W2O81 was obtained by controlling grain growth. 相似文献
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随着电容测量技术的迅速发展,电容传感器在非电量测量和自动检测中得到广泛应用,但它在使用过程中也存在一些问题,针对在使用电容传感器过程中存在的几个问题,从电容传感器的原理和工作过程两个方面进行了讨论,并提出行之有效的处理方法。 相似文献
59.
An experimental study of an optical burst switching network based on wavelength-selective optical switches 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li Xinwan Chen Jianping Wu Guiling Wang Hui Ye Ailun 《Communications Magazine, IEEE》2005,43(5):S3-10
In this article we report the system structure and test results of an experimental optical burst switching network with three edge router's and one core node. Wavelength-selective switches developed for this system and their characteristics are depicted. The implementation and performance of our new scheme for the just-in-time protocol are described. We also report experimental results of FTP and VOD services on this system. Some parameters, including traffic rate, average burst data length, and assembly time, are studied. 相似文献
60.
ZHANG Liqing WU Xiaohua 《武汉理工大学学报(材料科学英文版)》2005,20(3):119-121
1IntroductionWuweizi is a traditional Chinese herb,usually usedto cure cough,asthma,neurasthenic,hepatitisetc.Theactive ingredients in wuweizi are5%-22%lignan,themain components of which include deoxyschizandrin,schizandrin andγ-Schizandrin.Forthe purpos… 相似文献