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931.
Hayato Izumi Masato Suzuki Seiji Aoyagi Tsutomu Kanzaki 《Sensors and actuators. A, Physical》2011,165(1):115-123
Aiming at the use in low-invasive medical treatments, this paper proposes a realistic imitation of mosquito's proboscis. A silicon needle is electrochemically etched, making the three-dimensionally sharp tip with finely smooth surface. The jagged shank shape is machined by a deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). The combined needles comprising a central straight needle and two outer jagged needles are fabricated, imitating a labrum and two maxillas of the mosquito, respectively. The cooperative motion of the three needles imitating the mosquito's motion is realized by applying PZT actuators independently to all the needles. The effectiveness of inserting these needles cooperatively was experimentally confirmed. Considering practical medical application, a biodegradable polymer needle with three-dimensionally sharp tip is also developed. The fabrication process based on micromolding is as follows: a nickel negative cavity is made by electroplating on a silicon sharp needle, to which melted polymer is injected, and it is finally released using a lost molding technique. The effectiveness of sharp tip for easy insertion was experimentally proven. 相似文献
932.
A. G. Buddhika P. Jayasekara Keigo Watanabe Kiyotaka Izumi 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2009,14(1):48-52
This article proposes a method for understanding user commands based on visual attention. Normally, fuzzy linguistic terms
such as “very little” are commonly included in voice commands. Therefore, a robot’s capacity to understand such information
is vital for effective human-robot interaction. However, the quantitative meaning of such information strongly depends on
the spatial arrangement of the surrounding environment. Therefore, a visual attention system (VAS) is introduced to evaluate
fuzzy linguistic information based on the environmental conditions. It is assumed that the corresponding distance value for
a particular fuzzy linguistic command depends on the spatial arrangement of the surrounding objects. Therefore, a fuzzy-logic-based
voice command evaluation system (VCES) is proposed to assess the uncertain information in user commands based on the average
distance to the surrounding objects. A situation of object manipulation to rearrange the user’s working space is simulated
to illustrate the system. This is demonstrated with a PA-10 robot manipulator. 相似文献
933.
Guang Lei Liu Maki K. Habib Keigo Watanabe Kiyotaka Izumi 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2008,12(1-2):264-269
Biologically inspired control approaches based on central pattern generators (CPGs) with neural oscillators have been drawing
much attention for the purpose of generating rhythmic motion for biped robots with human-like locomotion. This article describes
the design of a neural-oscillator-based gait-rhythm generator using a network of Matsuoka oscillators to generate a walking
pattern for biped robots. This includes the proper consideration of the oscillator’s parameters, such as a time constant for
the adaptation rate, coupling factors for mutual inhibitory connections, etc., to obtain a stable and desirable response from
the network. The article examines the characteristics of a CPG network with six oscillators, and the effect of assigning symmetrical
and asymmetrical coupling coefficients among oscillators within the network structure under different possible inhibitions
and excitations. The kinematics and dynamics of a five-link biped robot have been modeled, and its joints are actuated through
simulation by the torques output from the neural rhythm generator to generate the trajectories for hip, knee, and ankle joints.
The parameters of the neural oscillators are tuned to achieve flexible trajectories. The CPG-based control strategy is implemented
and tested through a simulation.
This work was presented in part at the 12th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
25–27, 2007 相似文献
934.
Chandima Dedduwa Pathiranage Keigo Watanabe Kiyotaka Izumi 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2008,13(1):155-161
This paper presents an alternative solution to simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem by applying a fuzzy Kalman
filter using pseudolinear process and measurement models. Nonlinear process model and observation model are formulated as
pseudo-linear models and rewritten with a composite model whose local models are linear according to Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy
model. Using the Kalman filter theory, each local T-S model is filtered to find the local estimates. The linear combination
of these local estimates gives the global estimate for the complete system. Data association to correspond features to the
observed measurement is proposed with two sensor frames obtained from two sensors. The above system is implemented and simulated
with Matlab to claim that the proposed method yet finds a better solution to the SLAM problem, though nonlinearity is directly
involved in the Kalman filter equations, compared to the conventional approach.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
935.
Komeiji Yuto; Fujita Izumi; Honda Nobuo; Tsutsui Masaru; Tamura Takahiko; Yamato Ichiro 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1994,7(10):1239-1247
Experimental and computational analyses were performed on thecorepressor (L-tryptophan) binding site of the trp-repressorof Escherichia coli to investigate the ligandprotein interactions.Gly 85, one of the residues forming the hydrophobic pocket ofthe binding site, was systematically replaced with Ala, Val,Leu and Trp by cassette mutagenesis. Biochemical characterizationshowed that all these mutations caused significant decreasesin tryptophan binding activity. Free energy perturbation calculationswere performed for the mutants and were consistent with theexperimental results. The lack of a side chain at position 85was concluded to be essential for binding the corepressor; thestructure of the binding pocket was suggested to be tight inthe vicinity of Gly85. 相似文献
936.
Shogo Uesaka Ryohei Yamaoka Toshiki Sasaki Akihiro Chida Susumu Kawashima Toshiyuki Isa Satoshi Seo Yoshiharu Hirakata Shota Yatsuzuka Takayuki Ohide Masataka Nakada Shunpei Yamazaki Manabu Niboshi Yoshiyuki Isomura Yuto Tsukamoto Shinichi Kawato Katsuhiro Kikuchi Seiichi Mitsui 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2014,22(12):603-612
In this study, the device structure of a white tandem organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) was changed to control the emission area and thereby achieve less luminance decay. A long‐life 13.5‐inch 4 K flexible c‐axis‐aligned crystal oxide semiconductor (CAAC‐OS) active‐matrix OLED with less color shift and high resolution was fabricated using this long‐life white OLED, transfer technology, and a CAAC‐OS field‐effect transistor. 相似文献
937.
Hiromi Yoshida Izumi Kondo Goro Kajimoto 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(11):1136-1140
Effects of 0 to 1.0% levels of caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid on the oxidative stability of
purified soybean oil were investigated under microwave heating conditions. A prooxidative effect of the fatty acids introduced
into the systems was established. The extent of this effect depended on the acyl chin and levels of added fatty acids. During
microwave heating, the oxidative rate of purified soybean oil by the fatty acids was rapid compared to the addition of their
corresponding hydrocarbons; the shorter the chainlength and the higher the levels of fatty acids, the more accelerated was
the thermal oxidation in the oil. The results are explained on the basis of the catalytic effect of the carboxylic group on
the formation of free radicals by the decomposition of hydroperoxides. Therefore, particular attention should be paid to the
free fatty acid content, which affects the oxidative stability of purified soybean oil. 相似文献
938.
The deformation and the fracture behaviour of the [0 0 1] orientated Ni3(Al.Ti) single crystals were investigated to determine the relation between the positive temperature dependence of the flow stress in the -phase and the malleability of nickel-base superalloys. The positive temperature dependence of the flow stress is observed in the [0 0 1] orientation below about 1000 K (T
p) and the failure occurs in a catastrophic and brittle manner after considerable plastic deformation. The room temperature fracture stress increases with increase in the angle between the [0 0 1] orientation and the tensile axis at 290 K, and it is well expressed by a crack propagation criterion only by considering the effect of the normal stress on the {1 0 0} cleavage plane. The cleavage fracture stress for the [0 0 1] orientation is nearly independent of temperature below T
p, while the elongation decreases with temperature in contrast to the yield stress. The cleavage fracture of Ni3(Al.Ti) single crystals is explained by the rapid decrease of the mobile dislocation density due to a dislocation pinning mechanism based on the cube cross-slipping of the screw superdislocations which causes the positive temperature dependence of the flow stress. The insufficiency of the malleability of nickel-base superalloys seems to be attributed to that of the -Ni3 (Al.Ti) phase, and the hot working of nickel-base superalloys near T
p in the -phase should be avoided. 相似文献
939.
Shuichi Kojima; Kumagai Izumi; Miura Kin-ichiro 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1990,3(6):527-530
The protein Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor, SSI, efficientlyinhibits a bacterial serine protease, subtilisin BPN'. We recentlydemonstrated that functional change in SSI was possible simplyby replacing the amino acid residue at the reactive P1 site(methionine 73) of SSI. The present paper reports the additionaleffect of replacing methionine 70 at the P4 site of SSI(Lys73)on inhibitory activity toward two types of serine proteases,trypsin (or lysyl endopeptidase) and subtilisin BPN'. Conversionof methionine 70 at the P4 site of SSI(Lys73) to glycine oralanine resulted in increased inhibitory activity toward trypsinand lysyl endopeptidase, while replacement with phenylalanineweakened the inhibitory activity toward trypsin. This suggeststhat steric hindrance at the P4 site of SSI(Lys73) is an obstaclefor its binding with trypsin. In contrast, the same P4 replacementshad hardly any effect on inhibitory activity toward subtilisinBPN'. Thus the subsite structure of subtilisin BPN' is tolerantto these replacements. This contrast in the effect of P4 substitutionmight be due to the differences in the S4 subsite structuresbetween the trypsin-like and the subtilisin-like proteases.These findings demonstrate the importance of considering structuralcomplementarity, not only at the main reactive site but alsoat subsites of a protease, when designing stronger inhibitors. 相似文献
940.
Hideki Sugimoto Eiji Nakanishi Kazuki Daimatsu Ryoya Takatsu Takashi Yasumura Katsuhiro Inomata 《Polymer Bulletin》2006,57(6):975-982
Summary In this study, interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) and IPN composite materials were prepared by in situ polymerization
of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) and bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether epoxy resin (DGEBA) with or without silica nanoparticles.
Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), three-point bending test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and visible spectrometry were
performed to evaluate the physical properties of the resulting IPNs and IPN composite materials. The IPNs showed high transparency
and higher elastic modulus and strength than that of each homopolymer at ratio of UDMA/ DGEBA is 70/30. The IPN composites
maintained high transparency in spite of the addition of silica nanoparticles. Moreover, elastic modulus and surface hardness
of the IPN composites increased with increasing silica content. 相似文献