超低压反渗透复合膜研制

研究了以聚砜作为支撑层,间苯二胺和均苯三甲酰氯为主要聚合单体,并使用多种添加剂,经界面聚合制备超低压反渗透复合膜,探讨了超低压反渗透复合膜制备的成膜规律和主要影响因素：底膜支撑层、水相、有机相、添加剂的种类,聚合时间和热处理温度等。试验结果表明,在适当的试验条件下制备的超低压反渗透复合膜,具有优良的分离性能。在1.0MPa测试压力,4L/min流速下,对温度25℃、浓度1500mg/L的氯化钠溶液,脱盐率可以达到99.2%,水通量达到50L/m2.h。     

Vapor phase carbonylation of ethanol with Ni-Zn/c catalyst

Vapor phase carbonylation of ethanol with Ni/C and Ni-Zn/C catalyst was investigatedunder atmospheric pressure.Ni-Zn/C was found to have a significantly higher activity andselectivity than Ni/C.Effects of Zn and Ni loading on ethanol conversion and productdistributions were also investigated,and the sequence of metal loading was compared.The cata-lyst was characterized by XRD(X-ray diffraction)and SEM-EDS.The spectra of XRDdemonstrated that the catalyst structure was changed from crystalline to non-crystalline in theprocess of carbonylation.Stable iodide compound was formed due to the interaction betweenC_2H_5I and active metals.The authors believe that the active phase of carbonylation might havebeen non-crystalline.     

Effect of Product Conductivity on Field-Activated Combustion Synthesis

Experimental and modeling results on the field-activated combustion synthesis (FACS) of Nb₅Si₃ are reported. In the absence of an electric field and without reactant preheating, Nb₅Si₃ cannot be prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Under the influence of a field a self-sustaining combustion wave is established whose rate of propagation decreases with traveled distance. For relatively low field values, the wave propagation mode changes from a continuous (smooth) to a spin mode. The product of synthesis depends on the mode of propagation. Synthesis during continuous wave propagation results in the formation of Nb₅Si₃, primarily in the α-modification. In contrast, when the wave propagates in a spin mode, the product is NbSi₂ with unreacted niobium. The present observations demonstrate a case where the field effect is not localized, as was the case in previous studies. The difference in behavior is attributed to differences in the electrical conductivities of the product phases.     

氮化硅结合碳化硅管状制品的研制

简介了氮化硅结合碳化硅管状制品研制的必要性 ,确定了原材料及粒度配比 ,选择了合适的成型方法及添加剂 ,介绍了氮化烧成机理。研制出的制品其质量和使用性能接近同类进口产品 ,具有良好的市场前景和广泛的推广应用价值。     

主元分析-径向基函数神经网络软测量方法研究

主元分析方法是基于多元统计分析的数据处理方法,径向基函数(RBF)网络能很好地用于非线性系统建模.针对丙烯腈聚合物水含量这一腈纶生产中的关键指标无法在现场进行在线检测的情况,运用主元分析方法对输入变量进行主元分析以达到降维的目的,再通过RBF神经网络建立非线性软测量模型.仿真结果表明,该模型具有较高的预测精度.     

在位分散聚合制备聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅复合材料研究

采用在位分散聚合方法制备聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 /二氧化硅微米级复合材料 ,讨论了不同表面性质的二氧化硅对材料拉伸性能、热性能、耐溶剂性能的影响 ,并用SEM、TG等手段研究了材料性能。结果表明 :由WD -70硅烷偶联剂处理过的二氧化硅微粒子填充的材料的各方面性能较好 ,由WD -10硅烷偶联剂处理过的二氧化硅填充的材料的拉伸性能次之 ,未经表面处理二氧化硅填充的材料的拉伸性能最差 ,后两者的热性能以及耐溶剂性能无明显差异     

Study on pH‐sensitive and thermosensitive polymer networks containing polyacetal segments

A series of pH‐sensitive and thermosensitive polymer networks were first obtained by copolymerization of telechelic poly(1,3‐dioxolane) (PDXL) with acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), and N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), respectively. The copolymerization of PDXL diacrylate (PDXLDA) with AA, AM, or NIPAM is expected to lead to polymer networks in which homopolymeric segments of the monomer are connected by polyacetal segments. As a combination of these two parts, these polymer networks can have some interesting physical properties. For example, the copolymer networks of poly(AA‐b‐DXL) showed pH sensitivity, and both the copolymer networks of poly(AM‐b‐DXL) and poly(NIPAM‐b‐DXL) showed temperature sensitivity. Moreover, because of the low ceiling temperature of polyDXL, the networks containing polyacetal segments (PDXL) can degrade by treatment with a trace of appropriate cationic initiator. The polymer networks prepared were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, and swelling data. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 3002–3006, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.2329     

大掺量粉煤灰对混凝土渗透性的影响

以粉煤灰代替３０％的水泥，在水胶比为０．３０、０．３３、０．３６及０．３９的情况下，分别试验了用水量及胶凝材料用量变化下混凝土的强度和渗透性。试验结果表明，与不掺粉煤灰的混凝土比较，掺粉煤灰混凝土的渗透性都明显降低，３０天龄期时最大可降低至５０．７％，７０天时可降低至２２．３％；为了获得较低的渗透性而采取较低的水胶比时，不掺粉煤灰的混凝土应用降低用水量的办法有利，掺粉煤灰的混凝土用提高总胶凝材料用量的办法更好     

室温硫化有机硅粘合剂的应用与研究进展

分析了单组份、双组份及三组份室温硫化有机硅粘合剂的性能,介绍了室温硫化有机硅粘合剂在航空工业的应用及进展。     

不同混合材掺量对低碱水泥适应性的试验研究

对不同种类及掺量的混合材对低碱水泥流动洼能进行试验研究，结果为：低碱硅酸盐水泥中掺入矿渣粉、粉煤灰、石灰石等混合材有利于改善浆体流动性能，目双掺效果较单掺好；外加剂掺入量对流动性能的改善随着掺量的增加而增加，但掺入量应适宜、经济；石灰石为非活洼混合材，本试验研究结果表明它能显著增大水泥流动性且保持较小的经时损失，但其掺量不宜过大。