Microstructures and properties of graphite and Al2O3 short fibers reinforced Mg-Al-Zn alloy hybrid composites

Graphite and Al2O3 short fibers reinforced Mg-Al-Zn alloy hybrid composites were fabricated by perform squeeze-infiltration route. The effects of the volume of graphite particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tr/bological behavior were investigated under the conditions of constant size of graphite particle and volume of Al2O3 short fiber. The results reveal that the uniform distribution of the reinforced graphite particles and Al2O3 short fiber can be obtained by this technique, and they have strong bonding with the metal matrix. Increasing graphite volume results in decrease in hardness, the ultimate tensile strength whereas the Al2O3 short fiber makes contribution to the increase in hardness of the composite. The composite exhibits good wear resistance, small wear mass loss and low coefficient of friction as compared with the metal matrix. The wear mechanisms transit from oxidation wear, abrasion wear into delamination wear as the applied load is increased, and a film of lubricant covering almost entire surface of specimen, is found to be formed, which separates the wear surfaces from metal to metal contact and thus improves the tribological properties.     

Microstructure transformation of deformed AZ91D during isothermal holding

In order to understand the thermodynamic properties of deformed AZ91D alloy during isothermal holding, the microstructure characteristics and transformation were investigated. The results present that deformation mainly concentrates on the edge of the chips and billets, especially at the interface of α/β. Microstructure transformation mechanism of deformed AZ91D during holding mainly includes recrystallization, spheroidization and Ostwald ripening. The mechanism was then thermodynamically analyzed. During the heating and isothermal holding process, recrystallization driven by residual energy within the deformed AZ91D alloy, spheroidization and Ostwald ripening induced by the reduction of interfacial energy, will inevitably and continuously occur with the extension of heating and holding.     

铬对铁基预合金粉末烧结组织和性能的影响

采用冷压烧结方法制备Fe-Ni-Mo-Cu-Cr系铁基粉末冶金材料，研究了铬对粉末烧结密度、微观组织特征及耐磨性能的影响，并借助于扫描电镜观察分析磨损形貌、探讨其摩擦磨损机制。结果表明，添加少量铬的Fe-Ni-Mo-Cu预合金粉末，在1120℃下烧结，可获得较高的烧结密度；微观组织硬度随铬量的增加而增加，表观硬度随密度的增加而增加。干滑动摩擦磨损率随磨损滑移距离的增加先增加而后逐渐降低，磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和氧化磨损。     

铸造及半固态成型镁-铝-锌合金在盐水中的腐蚀行为

通过光学显微镜、SEM和EDS等研究了不同成分铸造及半固态成型镁-铝-锌合金在盐水浸泡试验中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:当合金的锌含量(质量分数,下同)低于1%时,铸造试样的腐蚀速率高于其相应半固态成型试样的;当锌含量高于3%时,铸造试样的腐蚀只发生在表面,腐蚀速率低于其相应半固态成型试样的;腐蚀速率受合金锌含量及固相颗粒尺寸和数量的共同影响,合金锌元素含量越高,铸造试样的腐蚀速率越低;半固态成型试样的固相颗粒数量越多、尺寸越小,则腐蚀速率越高。     

钢/锌层状复合材料的力学性能与耗能行为

对复合铸造法制成的钢/锌层状复合材料在不同条件下的单向拉伸和低周疲劳实验进行了研究.结果表明:锌的加入使钢/锌复合材料的塑性得到提高,同时其强度与钢相比有所降低.在单向拉伸条件下,拉伸速度对钢/锌复合材料试样的应力-应变曲线影响不大.在±0.5%,±1.0%,±1.5%应变范围内,所对应的拉压应力随着循环次数的增多而增大,表明材料出现循环硬化行为,并且循环应变的提高使材料的循环硬化行为逐渐明显,进一步循环使拉压应力趋于稳定.     

16Mn/Zn抗震复合材料的单向拉伸与循环变形行为

采用复合铸造工艺将16Mn钢和工业纯锌制备出双金属层状抗震复合材料,并对其在不同条件下的单向拉伸性能和循环变形行为进行了研究.研究表明:在单向拉伸条件下,应变速率对复合材料试样的应力-应变曲线影响不大;在0.5%、1%、1.5%应变下所对应的拉压应力随循环次数的增多而增大,材料出现循环硬化行为,并且循环应变的提高使材料的循环硬化行为逐渐明显,进一步循环使拉压应力趋于稳定;16Mn钢/锌抗震复合材料试件具有滞回特性,使结构适应反复载荷作用下的内力和变形,起到减震的作用.     

AZ91系列压铸镁合金高周疲劳断口形貌分析

AZ91D压铸镁合金中加入富Ce稀土后,组织得到明显细化,压铸过程中产生的气孔变小,分布更加均匀,能够减少疲劳裂纹源的产生。AZ91D合金拉伸断口表现为既有解理台阶又存在细小撕裂棱及韧窝的混合断裂特征,加入1?后,合金断口的韧性断裂特征增加,有利于提高合金的室温力学性能。AZ91D合金疲劳裂纹源萌生于合金内部的气孔和夹杂处,疲劳裂纹沿晶界扩展,加入稀土后,疲劳裂纹扩展区有疲劳辉纹出现,疲劳断裂呈现出准解理和韧窝断裂的混合特征。     

AZ91D+xNd压铸镁合金拉伸和疲劳断裂模式

压铸AZ91D镁合金中添加稀土Nd后,生成了新的稀土化合物Al11Nd3相,合金显微组织得到细化,力学性能得到提高,但是当Nd的添加量达到1.5%时,合金的力学性能又有所下降。AZ91D xNd合金拉伸断口具有准解理、撕裂棱及韧窝等韧性特征,但其断裂方式仍属于脆性断裂。含Nd的AZ91D合金疲劳裂纹萌生于试样的表面或亚表面下的孔隙或夹杂处,疲劳裂纹扩展区为平面状断面,含1.0%Nd合金的疲劳辉纹最为清晰,疲劳断口主要表现为脆性与韧性的混合断裂方式,局部存在准解理台阶与河流花样以及穿晶型和沿晶型二次裂纹。     

不同加热功率下充液率对无芯环路热管性能的影响

设计了以铝为管材、丙酮为传热工质的无芯环路热管。其蒸发段采用加热带加热,冷凝段用风冷降温。热管依靠蒸发压头使工质循环,并依靠重力作用,使冷凝液回流到蒸发段。搭建试验台并研究了不同加热功率下充液率对无芯环路热管的传热温差、传热量、热效率、热阻和当量导热系数的影响。结果表明:加热功率为150.00 W、充液率为30%时,无芯环路热管的均温性最好;传热温差和热阻均最小,分别为6.75℃、0.045 K/W。传热量132.00 W、热效率0.88、当量导热系数168 125 W/(m·K),均达到最大值。所以,该无芯环路热管在本实验研究范围内的最佳工作条件为加热功率150.00 W、充液率30%。     

半固态触变注射成形镁合金显微组织的评定

针对不同注射速度的半固态触变注射成形镁合金显微组织,并结合不同工艺条件下的固相率和抗拉强度,采用分形方法对其固相颗粒二维形态进行了评定。分析结果表明,采用分形描述可以为镁合金半固态组织中固相颗粒的分析提供一个定量方法,为研究半固态成型镁合金的工艺-组织-性能之间的关系提供了一个理想的定量分析参数。