743阳离子交换快速分离——ICPS-PGS2单道扫描直读光谱仪测定地质样品中15个微量稀土元素

本文采用过氧化钠(Na_2O_2)熔样,743阳离子交换树脂快速分离,0.4mol/L柠檬酸25ml洗脱稀土,无需浓缩,即可用lCPS-PGS2单道扫描直读光谱仪直接测定15个微量稀土元素。在选择的最佳测量条件下,本法测定下限为0.005~g/ml(Eu)-0.50μg/ml(Ce),标准加入回收在88％—110％之间,样品分析精度为3.3％—17％,样品分析结果与参考值相符。本法适用于一般地质样品中微量稀土元素的例行分析。     

水中氯代烃单体碳同位素分析中预富集方法进展

高精度准确测定氯代烃单体碳同位素对示踪污染物来源,了解污染物的生物降解过程具有重要意义。在环境转化过程中,有机污染物的同位素组成可能是稳定不变的,也有可能发生改变。若污染物的同位素组成在迁移转化过程中不变,根据其同位素组成可以示踪污染物的来源;若同位素组成变化,根据同位素分馏结果,可以评价环境中有机污染物降解发生的可能性和程度。本文综述了固相微萃取、静态顶空进样、吹扫-捕集、多级串联技术等前处理方法与气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比值质谱仪(GC-C-IRMS)联用分析水中氯代烃单体碳同位素的研究进展,比较了分析方法的优缺点。液-液萃取较少用于水中氯代烃的单体同位素分析。静态顶空进样、固相微萃取、吹扫-捕集都是无溶剂富集技术,与GC-C-IRMS联用分析水中氯代烃单体同位素过程中不存在或存在小且恒定的可校正的同位素分馏,分析精度一般优于1‰,没有二次污染,降低了杂质干扰,提高了GC-C-IRMS的分辨率和分析精度,降低了检测限。从静态顶空进样、固相微萃取、吹扫-捕集,到多级串联等技术与GC-C-IRMS联用分析水中氯代烃单体同位素比值,检测限逐渐降低。目前,吹扫-捕集-GC-C-IRMS在分析水中氯代烃中应用最广泛,重现性好、检测限低。针内微萃取、管内微萃取、搅动棒吸附萃取和顶空进样吸附萃取等前处理方法与GC-C-IRMS仪联用具有一定的应用前景。     

复杂介质地震定位中震源轨迹的计算

交切法是最基本的地震定位方法之一.该方法利用震源轨迹进行定位,不需要求解方程,即使仅有少量的地震记录,利用交切法也能获得有价值的震中信息.但另一方面,交切法的定位精度较低,特别是震源深度的误差常常较大.     

Delineating the Source of Lead in the Urban Atmospheric Dust Based on Stable Isotopic Ratio: A Case Study from Panzhihua City of Southwest China

正Objective Atmospheric lead pollution is a global problem. Mining, coal mining, iron and steel smelting, and chemical and coal-fired power plants are major industries in Panzhihua City of southwest China. Many toxic and harmful heavy metals, including Pb, are emitted in production activities. Pb seriously affects human health and natural ecosystems. Thus, Pb source tracing is important for Pb pollution     

Multi-scale Characteristics and Comprehensive Evaluation of Precipitation Heterogeneity in Guangxi

Aiming at the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation and frequent occurrence of drought and waterlogging disasters in Guangxi, the multi-scale characteristics and comprehensive evaluation of precipitation heterogeneity can provide scientific support for regional response to drought and waterlogging disasters and intelligent management of water resources. Based on the daily precipitation data of 87 grid points from 1961 to 2017 in Guangxi, the Precipitation Concentration Degree (PCD) and Precipitation Concentration Period (PCP) index were used to build day, pentad, ten days, month, season precipitation heterogeneity of multiple time scale level evaluation system. By using R/S analysis and geographical spatial analysis methods, the space-time evolution characteristics and climate division in Guangxi were discussed. The study showed that the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of PCD and PCP at the diurnal, synoptic and monthly scales were relatively consistent, and the heterogeneity of precipitation in Guangxi could be better expressed than that at the monthly and seasonal scales. The diachronic change of PCD in precipitation in Guangxi shows an increasing trend in northeast China and a decreasing trend in southwest China, and the trend of its future period is the same as the diachronic evolution. The spatial distribution of PCD in Guangxi has significant spatial autocorrelation and stratification heterogeneity, which are mainly reflected in the mean value, coefficient of variation and frequency of PCD. The comprehensive heterogeneity of precipitation in Guangxi is highly dispersed in the northeast, highly concentrated in the south, and slightly concentrated or dispersed in the northwest and central regions. The time-scale within a month is the best scale to express the non-uniformity of precipitation in Guangxi. If the advantages of more stable climatic and ten-day scales and more fine daily scales are taken into account, the use of climatic scale for daily sliding calculation and analysis will be the best way.     

萨拉乌苏河流域萨拉乌苏组砂丘砂沉积特征

The Salawusu Formation of Milanggouwan section in Salawusu River Valley includes 7 layers of paleo-mobile dune sands, and 4 layers of paleo-fixed and semi-fixed dune sands. Their structures have been observed and their grain size, surface textural features and several main chemical elements have been analyzed. The results showed that： 1） Some of the aeolian structural characteristics of these dune sands are similar to that of the recent dune sands. 2） They are also similar to the recent dune sands in grain size components, and parameters of Mz,σ, Sk and Kg, as well as in several main chemical components. 3） The scattergrams of Mz-σ and SiO2-Al2O3＋TOFE and the probability curves of grain size showed that these paleo-dune sands are different from paleosols and fluvio-lacustrine facies, but are consistency with recent dune sands. 4） Quartz sands have well roundness and surface textural features such as dish-shaped pits, crescent-shaped pits, pockmarked pits, upturned cleavage plates, siliceous precipitates and siliceous crevasses, indicating that they had been carried for a long time by the wind. As the 11 layers of paleo-dune sands possess the aeolian characteristics in structure, grain size, surface textural features and chemical elements, the origin of their formation should be attributed to eolation.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油地球化学特征及其成因

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS、IRMS分析,研究了原油的生物标志化合物和碳同位素组成特征,并且进行了油源对比,探讨了其成因。研究资料指示了所研究原油属于同一成因类型;原油有机母质为菌藻类和高等植物,特别是高等植物为原油的形成作出了贡献;原油形成于弱还原和淡水或微咸水环境;原油均为成熟原油;原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长,油层组具有亲缘关系,反映了原油主要来源于长,油层组。这些研究结果为盆地的石油勘探提供了科学依据。     

海水入侵水化学指标及侵染程度评价研究

选择Ｃｌ＾,Ｍ、Ｂｒ＾－,ｒＨＣＯ３／ｒＣｌ及ＳＡＲ５项水化学要素作为综合判断海水入侵的指标：染程度划分为４级;确定了各项指标入程度的等级范围。入侵程度的衡理采用模糊数学综合判模型。     

辽西北票(金-羊)盆地中生代砂岩碎屑组分对区域构造演化的响应

根据北票 (金-羊 )盆地中生界砂岩碎屑组分分析,综合区域构造演化背景、盆地沉积充填序列及砾岩特征,对盆地中生代物源及构造演化进行了示踪 :晚三叠世为盆地构造活化的起始阶段,盆地物源应主要来自周缘隆升蚀源区的前中生代碎屑沉积物;早侏罗世辽西地区发生了明显的差异升降,北票 (金-羊 )盆地相对伸展陷落,盆地范围有所扩大;晚侏罗世北西-南东向逆冲推覆作用成为盆地的主要控制因素,北票 (金-羊 )盆地具有明显前陆盆地特征,盆地西缘太古代变质岩系出露剥蚀而成为盆地的主要物源之一;早白垩世辽西地区发生构造反转,北票 (金-羊 )盆地相对萎缩。Dickinson模型并不完全适用于辽西地区。     

Characteristics and origins of middle Miocene mounds and channels in the northern South China Sea

Numerous elongated mounds and channels were found at the top of the middle Miocene strata using 2D/3D seismic data in the Liwan Sag of Zhujiang River Mouth Basin(ZRMB) and the Beijiao Sag of Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB). They occur at intervals and are rarely revealed by drilling wells in the deepwater areas. Origins of the mounds and channels are controversial and poorly understood. Based on an integrated analysis of the seismic attribute, palaeotectonics and palaeogeography, and drilling well enco...