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1.
Family nursing, always a component of nursing, has been recently receiving increased attention through publications, educational programs, clinical practice settings and family nursing research. Nurses are in the best position to assist families experiencing the illness of a loved one, but often lack the skills and confidence necessary to assist with the psychosocial needs. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of a family nursing program within a large, tertiary care facility. The program's evaluation is ongoing but early outcomes indicate that day-to-day nursing practice has been positively influenced and improved job satisfaction may result.  相似文献   
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Changes in the activity of acid phosphatase (AP) and its isoenzymes (tartrate-insensitive AP and formalin-insensitive AP) were investigated in patients with food poisoning in the course of the disease. The activity of AP and its isoenzymes in the serum started to grow in early convalescence and reached maximum in late convalescence. Total activity of AP in food toxic infections consists primarily of the activity of its platelet fraction. AP activity may serve as an additional criterion to predict vascular platelet involvement of hemostasis.  相似文献   
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Hyperimmune anti-human immunodeficiency virus immunoglobulin (HIVIG) is an intravenous immunoglobulin prepared from HIV-infected asymptomatic donors with a CD4 cell count greater than 400 cells/microl and a high titer of antibody to HIV-1 p24 protein. Twelve persons with AIDS received four doses of HMG (two at 50 mg/kg of body weight and then two at 200 mg/kg) every 28 days. Pharmacokinetics were evaluated by measurement of anti-p24 antibody. HIVIG was well tolerated, and all participants completed the study. Three subjects who were not receiving Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis developed PCP. The mean value for HIVIG clearance was 3.02 ml/kg/day at 50 mg/kg and 3.65 ml/kg/day at 200 mg/kg (P = 0.027); the mean trough antibody titers (reciprocal units) were 1,442 and 4,428, respectively. This study indicates that high titers of anti-p24 antibody can be maintained with a monthly administration schedule of HIVIG and that short-term safety is acceptable. Comparisons to evaluate the therapeutic potential of HIVIG are justified.  相似文献   
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Earlier studies have established that mutant strains of Azotobacter vinelandii that do not synthesize ferredoxin I (AvFdI) overexpress another protein designated Protein X (Morgan, T. V., Lundell, P. J., and Burgess, B. K. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 1370-1375). This protein has now been purified using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis as an assay. The purified protein is a monomer with M(r) approximately 29,000 which degrades slowly to a specific M(r) approximately 22,000 form when stored in solution. The native protein is bright yellow and contains noncovalently attached FAD that is reduced by either dithionite or NADPH without formation of a stable semiquinone. Titration with NADP+/NADPH gives an E0' value of approximately -327 mV versus SHE. Because this E0' is so close to that of the NADP+/NADPH couple it is not clear if Protein X is an NADPH oxidase or an NADP+ reductase in vivo. Comparison of the NH2-terminal sequence and other properties of Protein X with those of other proteins, suggests that it is likely to be related to the Escherichia coli ferredoxin NADP+ reductase (the fpr gene product), and affinity chromatography shows that Protein X binds specifically to AvFdI.  相似文献   
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The TaqIB cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphism (B1B2) is a determinant of HDL cholesterol in nondiabetic populations. Remarkably, this gene effect appears to be modified by environmental factors. We evaluated the effect of this polymorphism on HDL cholesterol levels and on the lipoprotein response to a linoleic acid-enriched, low-cholesterol diet in patients with type 1 diabetes. In 44 consecutive type 1 diabetic patients (35 men), CETP polymorphism, apolipoprotein (apo) E genotype, serum lipoproteins, serum CETP activity (measured with an exogenous substrate assay, n = 30), clinical variables, and a diet history were documented. The 1-year response to diet was assessed in 14 type 1 diabetic patients, including 6 B1B1 and 6 B1B2 individuals. HDL cholesterol was higher in 10 B2B2 than in 14 B1B1 homozygotes (1.63 +/- 0.38 vs. 1.24 +/- 0.23 mmol/l, P < 0.01). HDL cholesterol, adjusted for triglycerides and smoking, was 0.19 mmol/l higher for each B2 allele present. CETP activity levels were not significantly different between CETP genotypes. Multiple regression analysis showed that VLDL + LDL cholesterol was associated with dietary polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acids ratio (P < 0.02) and total fat intake (P < 0.05) in the B1B1 homozygotes only and tended to be related to the presence of the apo E4 allele (P < 0.10). In response to diet, VLDL + LDL cholesterol fell (P < 0.05) and HDL cholesterol remained unchanged in 6 B1B1 homozygotes. In contrast, VLDL + LDL cholesterol was unaltered and HDL cholesterol decreased (P < 0.05) in 6 B1B2 heterozygotes (P < 0.05 for difference in change in VLDL + LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio). This difference in response was unrelated to the apo E genotype. Thus, the TaqIB CETP gene polymorphism is a strong determinant of HDL cholesterol in type 1 diabetes. This gene effect is unlikely to be explained by a major influence on the serum level of CETP activity, as an indirect measure of CETP mass. Our preliminary data suggest that this polymorphism may be a marker of the lipoprotein response to dietary intervention.  相似文献   
10.
Aiming at producing high temperature structural ceramics, ultra-fine SiC powders were synthesized by the gas phase reaction of silicon tetrachloride with methane in a d.c. thermal plasma. The influence of parameters as the SiCl4 feeding rate, C/Si and H2/C molar ratios and internal pressure on the powder properties were investigated. The SiC powders were characterized by chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy. The experimental set-up allows the production of β-SiC powders at a rate of 200 g h−1 with particle size around 0.1 μm. The main impurities in the as-produced powder handled at ambient atmosphere are: oxygen (1.8–2.5%) and free carbon (3–4%). Interesting relationships were found between the SiCl4 feeding rate and the H2/C molar ratio and between the C/Si molar ratio and the internal pressure. The internal pressure plays a major role in controlling the particle size.  相似文献   
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