Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment of supernatant of cow manure by thermal pre-treatment.

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) methane fermentation treatment of cow manure that was subjected to screw pressing, thermal treatment and subsequent solid-liquid separation was studied. Conducting batch scale tests at temperatures between 140 and 180 degrees C, the optimal temperature for sludge settling and the color suppression was found to be between 160-170 degrees C. UASB treatment was carried out with a supernatant obtained from the thermal treatment at the optimal conditions (170 degrees C for 30 minutes) and polymer-dosed solid-liquid separation. In the UASB treatment with a COD(Cr) loading of 11.7 kg/m3/d and water temperature of 32.2 degrees C, the COD(Cr) level dropped from 16,360 mg/L in raw water to 3,940 mg/L in treated water (COD(Cr), removal rate of 75.9%), and the methane production rate per COD(Cr) was 0.187 Nm3/kg. Using wastewater thermal-treated at the optimal conditions, also a methane fermentation treatment with a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was conducted (COD(Cr) in raw water: 38,000 mg/L, hydraulic retention time (HRT): 20 days, 35 degrees C). At the COD(Cr) loading of 1.9 kg/m3/d, the methane production rate per COD(Cr), was 0.153 Nm3/kg. This result shows that UASB treatment using thermal pre-treatment provides a COD(Cr), loading of four times or more and a methane production rate of 1.3 times higher than the CSTR treatment.     

氮化硅基陶瓷连接技术的研究进展

陶瓷连接技术是结构陶瓷实用化的有效手段，焊料成分对连接体的性能具有决定性作用。本文主要从焊料成分选择的角度，总结了氮化硅基陶瓷连接技术的发展现状；并重点讨论了陶瓷／玻璃复合焊料在β-Sialon陶瓷连接中的应用。     

Protective effect of phytic acid hydrolysis products on iron-induced lipid peroxidation of liposomal membranes

Beneficial effects of dietary phytic acid (myo-inositol hexaphosphate; IP₆) have often been explained by its strong iron ion-chelating ability, which possibly suppresses iron ion-induced oxidative damage in the gastrointestinal tract. Because phytic acid is hydrolyzed during digestion, this work aimed to know whether its hydrolysis products (IP_2′ IP_3′, IP_4′ and IP₅) could still prevent iron ion-induced lipid peroxidation. Studies using liposomal membranes demonstrated that hydrolysis products containing three or more phosphate groups are able to inhibit iron ion-induced lipid peroxidation although their effectiveness decreased with dephosphorylation. Similarly, they also prevented iron ion-induced decomposition of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide. These results demonstrate that intermediate products of phytic acid hydrolysis still possess iron ion-chelating ability, and thus they can probably prevent iron ion-induced lipid peroxidation in biological systems.     

Crystalline complex between poly(γ-methyl l-glutamate) and dimethyl phthalate

The crystalline complex between poly(γ-methyl l-glutamate) (PMLG) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has been formed in films cast from a solution in dichloroethane. It has the stoichiometry of 1 mol of DMP to three or four residues of PMLG and shows two definite characteristics in X-ray diffraction patterns; one is the large hexagonal unit cell with the edge of around 28 Å and another the ‘extra’ 5.07 Å meridional reflection which can not be interpreted by a PMLG α-helical conformation. The structural examination for the films with various DMP contents is carried out by X-ray, viscoelastic, and d.s.c. measurements and the following structure is proposed for the crystalline complex. Four PMLG are associated to form a group which is hexagonally packed and DMP molecules, located in the gaps between groups, form a specific favourable helical structure along PMLG chains in which the van der Waals stacking of benzene rings of DMP is significant.     

Granulation of a hardmetal powder for spark plasma sintering

A fluidized bed granulation method, pressure swing granulation (PSG), was applied to granulation of a hardmetal powder without pressing lubricants for making the upstream process of spark plasma sintering (SPS) more efficient.

The properties of the granules were examined and compared with those of spray dried granules and extruded ones under the present system using a sieve.

Spherical granules between 0.15 and 0.84 mm in diameter difficult to obtain by the spray drying were obtained with high yield. The flowability of the granules was far better than that of spray dried granules and similar to that of extruded ones. Iron contamination and oxidization during pressure swing granulation were tolerable to the real production.     

Response to walnut olfactory and visual cues by the parasitic wasp Diachasmimorpha juglandis

Diachasmimorpha juglandis is a specialist parasitoid attacking fly larvae in the genus Rhagoletis that feed exclusively on walnut fruit husks. In a free-foraging assay comparing response to uninfested, infested, and mechanically damaged fruits, we first determined that D. juglandis use host feeding damage on the fruit as a cue for host presence. In another free-foraging assay that used artificial walnut models and wind tunnel experiments, D. juglandis distinguished infested from uninfested fruits by using either olfactory or visual cues separately. However, the response rate of wasps in the wind tunnel was raised considerably when visual cues were also available. We analyzed the volatile compounds emitted by cohorts of uninfested, mechanically damaged, and infested fruits 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 days after oviposition by flies into the infested fruits. Total volatile emissions did not differ significantly among treatments, but quantitative changes in volatiles distinguished infested fruits from uninfested and damaged fruits. The fact that parasitoids did not distinguish between infested and damaged fruits in assays where damage was visible indicates that they rely on visual cues when those are available.     

有限状态自动机的C#实现

基于Visual C#语言实现了有限状态自动机.该自动机具有小巧轻便、简单易用的优点,可应用于程序复杂界面的操作与控制.     

Three-dimensional medical image recognition of cancer of the liver by a revised radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm

In this study, we propose a revised radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm and apply this algorithm to computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of the liver. First, the revised RBF neural network algorithm is applied to recognition of the liver regions, and the recognition results are compared with those obtained using the conventional RBF neural network and the conventional multilayered neural network trained using the back-propagation algorithm. It is shown that the revised RBF neural network is accurate, and is a useful method because the parameters are automatically determined. Then, the revised RBF neural network is applied to CAD of the liver cancer called hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).     

综合门户网站专业频道如何垂直化发展

近年来,互联网行业的竞争越演越烈。综合门户网站的专业频道如何能在激烈的角逐中脱颖而出、做大做强？本文着重探讨综合门户网站专业频道的发展方向——垂直化。用户的需求和运营的需求达到双赢,才是互联网发展的最终出路。行业垂直门户网站的发展为我们提供了借鉴,个人认为,综合网站专业频道发展的终极目标就是要将各个频道做成一个个小型行业垂直门户,才能最终带动起整个综合网站的发展。     

Web服务在电力系统DB2数据库存取中的应用

WebService是构建分布式系统的最好工具。研究了WebService的相关概念、结构以及主要支撑技术 ,并且通过微软VS Net提供的WebService实现了对电力系统DB2数据库的存取方案。实践验证 ,这种方法完成存取过程是完全可行并且有效的 ,为电力系统数据的分布处理提供有益的参考 ,使电力系统中非常庞大的数据量得到快速高效的处理 ,为电力系统安全、稳定、经济运行提供保障。