Study on the Value of Ultrasound Elastography Combined with Plasma miRNA Expression in the Early Detection of Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in women, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing each year, due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms in the early stage of BC, and the lack of diagnostic methods for early breast cancer. Therefore, identifying an effective diagnostic method for early BC has become urgent. Materials and Methods: Breast lesions with a histological diagnosis that were examined by ultrasonic elastography (UE) in our department from June 2020 to December 2021 were reviewed. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression levels of miR-144-5p and miR-26b-5p in the plasma of patients with BC. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to investigate the potential diagnostic value of miR- 144-5p, miR-26b-5p and the elastographic score in BC. Results: The ultrasonic elastography score(UES) was found to be significantly upregulated in BC compared with that in benign breast lesions, and the AUC, sensitivity and specificity were 0.809, 0.717 and 0.806 for distinguishing BC from benign breast lesions, respectively. miR-144-5p and miR-26b- 5p were found to be upregulated in the plasma of BC patients, and miR-144-5p+miR-26b-5p had 0.781 sensitivity and 0.780 specificity for the diagnosis of BC. Furthermore, we found that the diagnostic performance of miR-144-5p and miR-26b-5p combined with UES for BC had 0.913 sensitivity and 0.890 specificity. Conclusions: The combination of plasma miR-144-5p, miR-26b-5p and UES has a very high clinical application value for the early detection of BC.     

Investigation of the mechanisms of Genkwa Flos hepatotoxicity by a cell metabolomics strategy combined with serum pharmacology in HL-7702 liver cells

1. To investigate Genkwa Flos hepatotoxicity, a cell metabolomics strategy combined with serum pharmacology was performed on human HL-7702 liver cells in this study.

2. Firstly, cell viability and biochemical indicators were determined and the cell morphology was observed to confirm the cell injury and develop a cell hepatotoxicity model. Then, with the help of cell metabolomics based on UPLC-MS, the Genkwa Flos group samples were completely separated from the blank group samples in the score plots and seven upregulated as well as two down-regulated putative biomarkers in the loading plot were identified and confirmed. Besides, two signal molecules and four enzymes involved in biosynthesis pathway of lysophosphatidylcholine and the sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway were determined to investigate the relationship between Genkwa Flos hepatotoxicity and these two classic pathways. Finally, the metabolic pathways related to specific biomarkers and two classic metabolic pathways were analyzed to explain the possible mechanism of Genkwa Flos hepatotoxicity.

3. Based on the results, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, phospholipase A₂/lysophosphatidylcholine pathway, the disturbance of sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolic profile centered on sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway and fatty acid metabolism might be critical participators in the progression of liver injury induced by Genkwa Flos.     

术后并发多器官功能障碍代谢特点及营养支持治疗

腹部外科术后由于手术创伤，或合并严重感染、休克和重症胰腺炎等，常可能导致多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）。目前，MODS已成为临床常见的危重症，并发症发生率和病死率均高。腹部外科并发MODS具有病情发展迅猛，病程进展快，病人全身状况迅速恶化的特点，机体处于高分解代谢状态，造成明显的代谢紊乱，一方面体内营养素大量消耗，急需补充；另一方面又由于多器官功能障碍，不能有效地利用营养素及处理代谢产物，进一步加重了此种应激状况。因此，合理的营养支持治疗显得尤为重要。     

铁路系统医院136篇口腔修复、正畸学论文的统计分析

通过对铁路系统医院１３６篇口腔修复、正畸学论文的统计分析，来评价医院口腔修复、正畸的科研水平，同时也揭示了科研工作中存在的问题。指出只有加强科研协作、扩大学术交流、增加科研投入，提高科研水平，使科研成果更趋完善。     

二尖瓣置换合并射频迷宫术的体外循环管理

目的探讨二尖瓣置换合并射频迷宫术的体外循环 (CPB)方法。方法 :76例风湿性心脏二尖瓣病变合并房颤患者实施瓣膜置换时 ,采用心内直视射频消融迷宫术对其合并的心房纤颤予以治疗。先期的 13例 (A组 )患者在CPB转流阻闭升主动脉后进行射频消融术和二尖瓣置换 ;后期 6 3例 (B组 )采用阻断上下腔静脉后先射频消融右心房 ,再行二尖瓣置换和左房射频消融。结果 :A组 13例患者CPB转流 (10 4± 2 5 )min ,主动脉阻断 (6 1± 11)min。B组 6 3例患者CPB转流 (81± 19)min ,主动脉阻断 (47± 11)min ;应用冷晶体心肌保护患者开放升主动脉后心脏自动复跳率 5 5 .9% ,应用冷血心肌保护患者心脏自动复跳率 71.4 %。术后恢复窦性心律 6 4例 ,占 84 .2 %。结论 :在二尖瓣置换合并射频迷宫术的体外循环中阻闭升主动脉前先射频消融左房可以明显缩短体外循环时间和主动脉阻断时间 ;应用冷血心肌保护液可以加强心肌保护效果且射频消融迷宫术治疗顽固性房颤效果明显     

不同全麻药对小鼠周围神经电生理的影响

目的：探讨全麻药对小鼠周围运动神经和感觉神经的影响。方法：将50只小鼠分为5组，分别是用α-氯醛糖、戊巴比妥钠、氨基甲酸乙酯、水合氯醛、氯胺酮进行腹腔麻醉后，测定坐骨神经感觉神经动作电位(SNAP)和腓肠肌复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)，并比较其潜伏期、波幅、传导速度。结果：氯胺酮组的SNAP和CMAP的传导速度都最快，而α-氯醛糖组的SNAP的潜伏期、波幅、传导速度都最差。结论：在实验性研究或临床应用周围神经电生理检测时，选用氯胺酮或戊巴比妥钠麻醉较为理想。     

祛瘀解毒利水法（血必净和加味苓桂术甘汤）辅助治疗对脓毒症心肌病患者预后的影响

目的：评价祛瘀解毒利水法（血必净和加味苓桂术甘汤）辅助治疗对脓毒症心肌病（SICM）患者预后的影响。方法：将96例患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各48例。对照患者给予脓毒症集束化治疗;观察组在对照组的基础上给予祛瘀解毒利水法治疗（血必净注射液静脉滴注和加味苓桂术甘汤内服）,两组疗程均为7 d。评估两组患者病情和预后评估指标[28 d死亡率,重症监护室（ICU）住院时间,主要不良心血管事件（MACE）、急性生理和慢性健康评分Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）、脓毒症相关序贯器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分、急诊脓毒症死亡风险评分（MEDS）]、心功能指标[左室射血分数（LVEF）、舒张早期二尖瓣血流速度/舒张晚期二尖瓣血流速度（E/A）、舒张早期二尖瓣血流速度/二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度（E/e′）、后负荷校正心功能参数（ACP）]、心肌损伤标志[高敏心肌肌钙蛋白T(hs-cTnT)、N-末端B型脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）、心肌型-脂肪酸结合蛋白（H-FABP）、高迁移率族蛋白-1(HMGB-1)]、血流动力学指标[血管外肺水指数（EVLWI）、全心舒张末期容积指数（GEDVI）、心脏指数（CI）和...     

枳实-白术调节PINK1/Parkin信号通路介导的线粒体自噬改善慢传输型便秘大鼠结肠动力障碍

目的：基于线粒体自噬及磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物诱导的蛋白激酶1(PINK1)/帕金蛋白(Parkin)通路观察枳实、白术及其配伍对慢传输型便秘大鼠结肠动力障碍的改善作用,为临床精准用药提供理论参考。方法：将56只雄性SD大鼠按体质量随机分成正常组、模型组、自然恢复组、枳实组、白术组、枳实-白术组和莫沙必利组,每组各8只。除正常组外,采用洛哌丁胺连续14 d灌胃(3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)构建慢传输型便秘大鼠模型。造模成功后,除模型组继续洛哌丁胺诱导外,正常组和自然恢复组采用0.9%生理盐水灌胃,枳实组(1.35 g·kg^-1·d^-1)、白术组(2.7 g·kg^-1·d^-1)、枳实-白术组(4.05 g·kg^-1·d^-1)和莫沙必利组(1.56 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)大鼠分别给予相应的药物灌胃,连续7 d。观察药物对大鼠粪便数量、粪便含水率及小肠推进率的影响;苏木素-伊...     

致肝损伤中药的减毒措施及肝损伤的中药防治作用

中药在疾病预防和治疗的过程中发挥重大作用,但部分中药在临床的长期应用过程中,给人体带来的不良反应也逐渐显现出来,肝损伤属于其中之一。肝损伤也是中药新药研发过程中作为临床安全用药的重要检查项目,已成为众多上市药物退出市场的重要原因。随着对中药临床用药安全性的关注增加,关于中药肝损伤研究日益增多,大多数研究集中于中药或者中药成分的肝脏损伤研究。为了提高中药的安全性,该文总结了部分致肝损伤中药的物质基础和机制及降低中药肝损伤的措施,包括减少给药剂量和疗程,改变给药途径,改变药物剂型,药物配伍和炮制等方法;此外该文还总结了防治各种诱导物诱发肝损伤的单体中药、中药复方和中药成分及防治肝损伤的生物效应和作用机制。结合现代致肝损伤中药的减毒研究,提出明确致肝损伤中药的安全剂量和“毒-效”界限,明确减毒措施的减毒机制及确定致肝损伤中药的毒性物质基础,为致肝损伤中药的临床应用提供安全性保障;结合中药防治肝损伤的研究,提出加强中药防治肝损伤的临床研究的同时,利用现代科学技术“从局部到整体”来阐释中药复方防治肝损伤的科学内涵,进而为临床防治肝损伤提供科学依据。     

补肾健脾法治疗胎怯的临床研究

目的:研究补肾健脾法治疗胎怯的临床疗效。方法:以补肾健脾方药制成助长口服液为治疗组,以不用药为对照组,进行治疗胎怯的临床对照观察。结果:治疗组疗效(78%)显著优于对照组(52%),P<0.001;治疗组在改善体重、身长、头围、胸围、上臂围等方面显著优于对照组,P<0.05～0.01;治疗组治疗后血清T3升高,T4下降,与对照组相比,P<0.05;在降低患病率方面,治疗组(43%)优于对照组(72%),P<0.05;治疗组远期疗效优于对照组,P<0.05。结论:补肾健脾法治疗胎怯有显著的临床疗效。