Morphological characters of the two-ribbon flare of 1981 May 13 and their explanation

We give a summary of the morphology of the two-ribbon flare of 1981 May 13. One striking feature is that the Ha flare began at about 0338' UT and the double-ribbon structure was formed about 0346, $\text{before}$ the impulsive phase of the radio 3 cm burst at 04 11 UT. The 3 cm radio burst flux beginning at 03 33 UT showed only slow, stepwise increases lasting half an hour until the impulsive phase and this type of increase is usually regarded to be a typical thermal process. Each step in the radio flux corresponded to a variation in the Ha flare, showing that the radio and Hα emissions during this period came from the same thermal source. In this paper, we explain this behaviour in terms of Hyder's model: we think that the magnetic trough supporting the solar prominence rose for some reason, causing the prominence matter (the dark filaments) to fall along the magnetic lines and to hit the chromosphere and trigger off the flare. We give rough estimates of the energy density, the height of prominence and the infall matter at the different radio increments. We also give a qualitative explanation for the appearances of the single-peak structure in the radio burst at 0411 and the covering of the sunspot shortly after at 04 13 and propose several possible mechanisms.     

基于Ripley’s K函数浙江城市空间格局及其影响分析

以Ripley′s K函数为核心,通过城市区位与规模联立估计、地理权重引入、全局函数分解等手段,研究2001~2010年浙江省已有县级及以上城市空间分布的总体及局部估计问题,探讨城市空间格局与特征,以期揭示边界效应和市场潜力对浙江城市空间格局的影响机理。结果表明:1浙江省城市区位与规模的空间格局不一致,即前者是分散分布而后者是集聚分布,且随着空间尺度的增加,其分散或集聚程度逐步加强。2无论是行政边界还是海岸线,对浙江省城市区位与规模的空间分布演化有一定的负向作用。空间尺度越大,边界负效应越强。3在城市化发展过程中,浙江形成了3个各具产业特色的块状组团式城市聚集区,但边界负效应会抑制它们的发展,此时杭州、宁波将承担起服务全省经济的重要职责。4浙江城市规模因受市场潜力因素的影响会出现空间分布不均衡性。城市规模与市场潜力显著正相关,其程度却随着空间尺度的增加而减小。     

The mechanism for the impact of sea surface temperature anomaly on the ridgeline surface of Western Pacific

Based on the atmospheric circulation data provided by ECMWF and the sea surface temperature data by NOAA, we studied the mechanism for the impact of sea surface temperature anomaly on the ridgeline surface of western Pacific using an improved high truncated spectral model. Our results show that the wave-wave interaction and the wave-mean flow interactions are weaker in the inner dynamic process of atmospheric circulation, when atmospheric circulation is forced by the sea surface temperature of El Niño pattern. With the external thermal forcing changed from winter to summer pattern, the range of ridgeline surface of western Pacific moving northward is smaller, which causes the ridgeline surface of western Pacific on south of normal. On the contrary, the wave-wave interaction and the wave-mean flow interaction are stronger, when atmospheric circulation is forced by the sea surface temperature of La Niña pattern. With the external thermal forcing turning from winter to summer pattern, the ridgeline surface of western Pacific shifts northward about 19 latitude degrees, which conduces the ridgeline surface of western Pacific on north of normal. After moving to certain latitude, the ridgeline surface of western Pacific oscillates with the most obvious 30–60 d period and the 4°–7° amplitude. It is one of the important reasons for the interannual variation of ridgeline surface of Western Pacific that the atmospheric inner dynamical process forced out by different sea surface temperature anomaly pattern is different.     

车载移动测量系统点云精度评定方法

为了对车载移动测量系统点云精度进行客观准确的评价,该文提出了利用室外三维检测场,借助自制的反射纸、球形靶标和特征地物,获取特征点的高精度三维坐标和特征线的长度值,通过与系统解算出来的结果进行比对,评价了系统的绝对精度、相对精度和重复性精度。试验结果表明,该文提出的方法可以对厘米级车载移动测量系统进行点云精度评定,方法切实可行,为相关检测标准的制定提供技术支持。     

奥陶系岩溶古地貌恢复及对气藏分布的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格东区41-33区块为例

苏东41-33区块位于鄂尔多斯盆地中央古隆起的北部南缘,长期沉积间断的风化壳不整合面形成复杂的岩溶古地貌,属苏里格气田东部奥陶系碳酸盐岩气藏的重要勘探区。研究基于钻井、测井、地震及生产动态资料分析,综合运用地球物理法、残厚法和印模法,优选本溪组顶9号煤层和马家沟组马五5灰岩为标志层,深入探讨古地貌单元的恢复依据和划分标准,精细恢复岩溶古地貌形态,并明确岩溶古地貌特征及其对气藏分布的影响。研究表明:苏东41-33区块整体处于二级地貌单元岩溶斜坡之上,奥陶系古风化壳上下地层厚度可划分出上薄下薄、上薄下厚、上厚下薄等5种组合类型,细分古坡地、残丘和沟槽3个三级地貌单元;古地貌总体趋势走向为北高南低,出露层位展布由马五4过渡到马五1。中南部发育连片残丘,北部见小型零星残丘,恢复厚度低于15m,残留厚度超过85m;北部发育2条侵蚀沟槽带,充填厚度大于20m,残留厚度小于45m;古坡地分布范围广泛,周围被古残丘与沟槽所分割,残留厚度介于45m^85m之间,恢复厚度大于10m。古地貌类型对风化壳气藏分布具有明显的控制作用,岩溶残丘及残丘边缘带的古坡地储层叠合厚度增大,溶蚀孔洞充填程度低,主力含气层保存完整且连通性较好,是寻找高产井的目标区,而岩溶古沟槽相对不利于天然气富集,所钻遇气井多为低产或无产能。     

Observation and Research of the Transits of Extrasolar Planets

In order to make more accurate estimates of the physical parameters of extrasolar planets, the observation and research on the phenomena of transits of the 7 known stars with the planetary systems TrES-1, TrES-3, XO-2, WASP-1, WASP-2, WASP-3 and HAT-P-7 are carried out with the 1-m reflecting telescope at Shandong University Weihai Astronomical Observatory/Weihai Municipal Astronomical Observatory. The fundamental conditions of the observation and data processing are introduced, and the transit light curves as well as the parameters of some planets derived from them are given. At the same time, when the results are summarized and analyzed, the prospects for the more in-depth and detailed researches which will be further carried out are also described.     

Analysis of social vulnerability of residential community to hazards in Tianjin,China

Flood management consists many aspects such as hazard assessment, vulnerability assessment, exposure assessment, risk assessment, early warning system, damage assessment as well as risk mitigation planning. Conventional flood management are depending on the ground based monitoring of rainfall and river discharge. Many parts of the world are not covered by these sensor networks in one hand and these ground based systems are costly. Most of the tropical countries have high flood risk and low financial and institutional capacity to afford ground based system. While conventional flood management is time and cost intensive, spaceborne remote sensing provides timely and low-cost data in comparison to field observation, and is the obvious choice for most developing countries affected by flooding. Many aspects of flood management are being aided with the advancement of remote sensing technology. More precise and near real time flood detection, lead time in flood early warning system, accurate and advance inputs of hydrological models are now blessed by space technology. Many methods and approaches have been developed to overcome the constrains in the application of spaceborne remote sensing in flood management. Application of satellite remote sensing in flood hazard assessment is well documented, however, the application of space technology in other aspects of the flood management is also promising. Therefore, this review paper focuses on the applicability of spaceborne remote sensing and in most of the aspects in flood management.

     

甘肃拾金坡金矿床成因:来自40Ar/39Ar定年、成矿流体及H-O-S同位素证据

甘肃拾金坡金矿床是北山造山带南部的一处重要中型金矿床。矿体以石英脉和蚀变岩形式产出,受东西向断裂控制,赋矿围岩为早泥盆世拾金坡二长花岗岩。矿石中主要金属硫化物为黄铁矿及少量方铅矿、闪锌矿和磁黄铁矿。石英脉两侧花岗岩发生强烈的硅化、黄铁绢英岩化和绿泥石化。热液蚀变绢云母40 Ar/39 Ar坪年龄为(364.6±3)Ma,表明成矿作用发生在晚泥盆世。矿石石英中流体包裹体可分为早晚两期:早期流体包裹体群包含不同气液比水溶液包裹体和含CO2包裹体,指示成矿过程存在流体沸腾作用,其均一温度集中在280～325℃,盐度(w(NaCl))为7.86%～9.21%;晚期流体包裹体群只发育水溶液包裹体,均一温度集中于160～230℃,盐度为9.47%～11.10%。成矿流体属中温低盐度、富CO2流体。流体从早阶段演化到晚阶段,温度降低约100℃,压力由约113 MPa骤减到约11 MPa。流体包裹体的δ18 OH2O值为1.39‰～3.39‰,δD值为-71‰～-99‰。氢氧投图中,石英脉和蚀变岩样品构成良好的线性关系,暗示初始成矿流体主要来自变质热液,晚期有强烈大气降水加入。矿石金属硫化物δ34S值变化范围为4.44‰～11.33‰,峰值为8‰～9‰,呈塔式分布。与区域S同位素资料对比分析表明,石英脉型矿石S主要来自前寒武系基底,蚀变岩型矿石S更多地继承了花岗岩围岩S。综合分析认为,拾金坡金矿床属于造山型金矿,形成于造山晚期挤压—伸展转换环境。     

PHoToNs–A parallel heterogeneous and threads oriented code for cosmological N-body simulation

We introduce a new code for cosmological simulations, PHo To Ns, which incorporates features for performing massive cosmological simulations on heterogeneous high performance computer(HPC) systems and threads oriented programming. PHo To Ns adopts a hybrid scheme to compute gravitational force, with the conventional Particle-Mesh(PM) algorithm to compute the long-range force,the Tree algorithm to compute the short range force and the direct summation Particle-Particle(PP) algorithm to compute gravity from very close particles. A self-similar space filling a Peano-Hilbert curve is used to decompose the computing domain. Threads programming is advantageously used to more flexibly manage the domain communication, PM calculation and synchronization, as well as Dual Tree Traversal on the CPU+MIC platform. PHo To Ns scales well and efficiency of the PP kernel achieves68.6% of peak performance on MIC and 74.4% on CPU platforms. We also test the accuracy of the code against the much used Gadget-2 in the community and found excellent agreement.     

1996年包头西6.4级地震震兆特征的特殊性

１９９６年包头西６．４级地震是一次十分重要的地震,又是一个非常特殊的地震。集二十多年对强震前主要震兆特征和地震活动图像演化的认识,无论在６．４级地震前看到的,还是震后震例总结的,种种震兆异常基本集中在临河地区,而不是包头地区。