肝门部胆管癌的手术治疗原则

肝门部胆管癌约占肝外胆管癌的2/3。根据肿瘤部位,肝门部胆管癌分为四型:Ⅰ型指肿瘤限制在肝总管;Ⅱ型指肿瘤位于左右肝管汇合处;Ⅲa型指肿瘤侵犯肝总管、汇合部以及右肝管,Ⅲb型指肿瘤侵犯肝总管、汇合部以及左肝管;Ⅳ型指肿瘤侵犯左右肝管。近年来,由于影像诊断和肝解剖知识及肝切除技术的进步,肝门部胆管癌治疗有较明显进步。肝门部胆管癌手术治疗的原则是:Ⅰ、Ⅱ型选择局部切除术,Ⅲa型选择含肿瘤的肝右叶切除术,Ⅲb型选择含肿瘤的肝左叶切除术,Ⅳ型选择全肝切除肝移植术。对于不能切除的肝门部胆管癌可选择保留肿瘤的姑息性内引流术,以…     

半肝切除联合血管切除和重建治疗肝门部胆管癌

目的 探讨半肝切除联合血管切除和重建治疗肝门部胆管癌的疗效.方法 本组10例患者分属Ⅲa、Ⅲb、Ⅳ型的肝门部胆管癌,施行右半肝切除+胰十二指肠切除+门静脉右支起始部切除重建1例;右半肝切除+门静脉右支起始部切除重建5例;左半肝切除+尾状叶左侧切除+门静脉左支起始部切除重建+肝动脉切除1例及左半肝切除+尾状叶左侧切除+门静脉左支起始部切除重建3例.结果 10例Ⅲa、Ⅲb、Ⅳ型的肝门部胆管癌患者行半肝切除联合血管切除重建根治联合性手术,无术后死亡.10例患者术后均获随访,1、2、3年生存率分别为50%、30%、20%.结论 采用半肝切除血管切除重建能提高肝门部胆管癌根治性切除率.     

悬吊法肝切除在第二肝门旁肝肿瘤切除术中的应用

目的:探讨肝脏悬吊法进行第二肝门旁肝肿瘤肝切除的可行性与安全性.方法:回顾性分析201 1年8月-2012年8月收治的7例第二肝门旁肝肿瘤病患者的临床资料.结果:7例术中顺利放置悬吊胶管并成功手术.行右半肝切除2例,右半肝+右肾周脂肪囊切除1例,右半肝切除+左肝内外叶2个血管瘤分别切除1例,右半肝+Ⅳ段部分切除术1例,左半肝+右肝Ⅷ段+右膈肌浆膜切除1例,右肝Ⅵ,Ⅶ段规则切除术1例.术中无断肝时误伤下腔静脉者,行右膈肌浆膜修补1例.中位手术时间375 min(295～460 min),中位出血量2 000 mL (750～8 000 mL),中位输血量1 000 mL(0～4 000 mL).术后胸腔积液2例,均经穿刺抽液恢复.无胆瘘,无腹腔感染.均痊愈出院,平均术后住院时间20 d.术后随访1～12个月,1例肝细胞癌有局部复发.结论:应用悬吊法进行第二肝门旁肝肿瘤肝切除是安全可行的.     

原位保留部分残余肝脏的离体肝切除联合辅助性自体肝移植治疗复杂肝泡型包虫病

目的探讨原位保留部分残余肝脏在体的离体肝切除联合离体残余肝辅助性自体肝移植术在复杂肝泡型包虫病中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析四川省人民医院于2019年1月收治的1例术中切除右三肝、原位保留左肝S2、S3段在体内、离体切除中肝S4、S5、S8段泡型包虫、联合右肝S6、S7段残余肝辅助性自体肝移植术病例的临床资料。结果经术前评估及术中探查发现,患者包虫主要位于中肝S4、S5、S8段并紧贴第一肝门,第二、三肝门肝静脉系统广泛受侵,肝后下腔静脉前壁受侵,侵蚀肝中静脉,包绕侵蚀肝右静脉背侧支及腹侧支根部,侵蚀左肝静脉根部右侧壁。根据"在体优先"原则,先循镰状韧带平面在体劈裂包虫左侧肝实质,修补肝左静脉,原位保留左肝外叶;循肝右叶间裂平面在体劈裂包虫右侧肝实质至受侵肝静脉流出道处,分别离断右肝动脉、门静脉右支及右肝管,将右三肝及尾叶整体切除;继续离体切除中肝的包虫病灶,利用异体血管重建右肝流出道,将重建储囊式流出道与下腔静脉前壁行广口侧侧吻合,并行右肝残余肝辅助性自体肝移植。患者手术时间为12 h,术中出血量约800 mL。肝切除术后行常规治疗,患者随访2个月,一般情况良好。结论辅助性自体肝移植术在实施离体肝切除阶段原位保留了部分功能肝脏在体内,能够维护体循环和门静脉系统循环稳定,维持术中部分肝功能,最大限度地保留功能肝脏,降低术后肝功能衰竭风险,可作为治疗终末期肝包虫病的有效尝试。     

分步切除法在肝门部胆管癌联合肝叶切除中的应用

肝门部胆管癌侵犯右肝门时,对肿瘤及尾状叶的切除受肝右叶影响,操作困难,近2年我们对4例侵犯右肝门及(或)尾状叶的肝门部胆管癌病人,采用先切除右半肝再行肿瘤及尾状叶切除的方法(我们称之为“分步切除法”),进行联合尾状叶及右半肝切除的胆管癌治术,效果满意,现总结报告如下。     

体外循环下行肝叶切除术

本文报道3例体外循环结合持续低温灌注条件下的肝切除术,从而使得侵犯肝静脉汇合部和下腔静脉的肿瘤能安全被切除.然而有些技术问题有待解决.病例1:64岁男性肝细胞肝癌病人,核磁共振发现右、中肝静脉和下腔静脉明显受压.术中见肿块侵犯肝门.分离门静脉后近端插管.并立即灌入4℃林格氏液,共约3L.行肝右叶和尾状叶切除.肝脏冷缺血时间为90分钟.术中失血约9600cc.病例2:63岁男性乙状结肠癌肝转移病人,肿瘤侵犯肝静脉汇合部.用止血带阻断肝上、下腔静脉,门静脉插管,经体外循环机注入4℃林格氏液,共约2L.肝冷缺血时间约120分钟.沿肝静脉左缘行肝叶切除术.     

仅保留门静脉血供的肝门部胆管癌根治术

目的 探讨仅保留门静脉血供的肝门部胆管癌根治术的适应证和方法,以进一步提高肝门胆管癌的治疗效果.方法 对2006年7月至2007年12月收治的6例肝门部胆管癌,均采取左半肝切除、肝外胆管切除、肝动脉切除、右肝管空肠吻合术. 结果6例均顺利恢复,术后发生胆漏1例、无肝功能衰竭及围手术期死亡病例;术后随访10～23个月,均存活.结论 仅保留门静脉血供的肝门部胆管癌根治术在严格掌握适应证的前提下是可行的,可提高肝门部胆管癌的根治切除率,改善患者预后.     

肝静脉和下腔静脉血流控制在高难度肝肿瘤切除中的应用

目的评估肝静脉主干和(或)下腔静脉血流控制在高难度肝切除术中的作用和意义。方法对33例位于Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ段和左半肝、右半肝、右三叶的肝肿瘤进行了游离下腔静脉和肝静脉主干并加以控制的肝切除术。其中肝细胞性肝癌26例;胆管细胞性肝癌2例;转移性肝癌2例;肝血管瘤3例。32例患者在术中成功预置了下腔静脉和肝静脉的阻断带,必要时控制肝静脉和下腔静脉血流。1例患者预置肝静脉阻断带失败。结果33例全部成功切除肿瘤,术中输血0-1600ml,其中7例没有输血。全组无术中死亡病例。结论熟练掌握和合理控制肝静脉主干和下腔静脉血流,可以提高复杂肝肿瘤切除的安全性和减少输血,有助于完成高难度肝肿瘤的切除。     

肝门部胆管癌胆道引流后扩大的肝右叶切除的结果

虽然肝门部胆管癌的可切率不断增加,但对本病的最佳洽疗方案仍有争议.本文旨在对肝门部胆管癌胆道引流后的扩大的肝右叶切除术(ERH)进行评价.讨论与围术期有关的实验室资料、肝内未予引流的胆道树的分布和范围、肝段的量以及无病生存期.方法与结果 作者对25例患肝门部或弥散性胆管癌病人施行肝外胆管切除术和区域淋巴结清扫(EBDR)并扩大的肝右叶切除.在行ERH病人中6例病人加作胰十二指肠切除术(PD),未加作19例.扩大的肝右叶切除术包括切除肝右叶并左内叶下段,加作或不加作左尾叶切除.其余12例行下列手术:EBDR1例,EBDR加左内叶下部和尾叶切除2例,EBDR并右前叶切除和PD1例,EBDR并左肝     

如何做好肝切除术

近 1 0余年来 ,肝癌手术切除技术有较大提高。难切部位肝癌一期切除报道日益增多 ,肝门部肝癌切除和单独尾叶切除也不再是手术“禁区”;对侵及下腔静脉及肝静脉肝癌 ,也有用体外静脉转流离体或半离体状态下冷却灌注切除肿瘤和受累血管 ;对合并门静脉癌栓积极的手术治疗 ,如切开取栓术、气囊导管取栓术、门静脉吻合搭桥术、门静脉切除吻合术等 ;对合并下腔静脉癌栓的肝癌在切除肿瘤同时有人采用体外静脉转流技术切开下腔静脉取癌栓 ;对肝癌合并胆管癌栓或肿瘤压迫所致梗阻性黄疸 ,亦可考虑作肝癌切除和手术取癌栓 ;对肝癌合并门静脉高压、食…     

Aggressive surgical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: is it justified? Audit of a single center's experience

BACKGROUND: The current study presents our experience with resectional surgery for patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC). METHODS: Medical records of 73 HC patients who were referred to our department between 1988 and 2006 were reviewed. Resectability rate, surgical mortality, and factors contributing to survival were investigated. RESULTS: Resectional surgery was performed in 59 patients (80.8%), 51 of whom (86.4%) underwent major hepatic resection. Negative margins were obtained in 35 of 51 patients (68.6%) and were associated with right-sided hepatectomy (80% vs 20%, P = .049). In-hospital mortality and morbidity were 6.8% and 25.4%, respectively. One-, 3- and 5-year survival rates after liver resection were 86%, 48.9%, and 34.9%, respectively. Histologic differentiation, left-sided hepatectomy, and inferior vena cava resection independently predicted survival. Patients undergoing R1 hepatectomy had significantly improved 5-year survival rates compared with patients who were unresectable (P <.01). CONCLUSIONS: Major hepatic resections with concomitant vascular resection and reconstruction, when needed, are justified for patients with Bismuth type III and IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma with negative nodes. Reluctance to incorporate segments V and/or VIII into a left lobectomy often results in tumor-positive margins and unfavorable prognosis. Resections for hilar lesions less than stage IVB, even when resulting in microscopically positive margins, confer prolonged survival compared with untreated patients. The results are further improved for patients with well-differentiated HC.     

Forty consecutive resections of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with no postoperative mortality and no positive ductal margins: results of a prospective study

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to perform a prospective study of surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma according to newly established guidelines for performing safe and curative resections. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The poor survival rate after resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma is considered to be mainly the result of in-hospital death and positive ductal margins. METHODS: Between July 1999 and December 2002, 40 of 42 surgically explored patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma underwent resection. They were managed with preoperative biliary decompression, portal embolization, cholangiographic evaluation, and a choice of surgical procedures and techniques. RESULTS: Hospital or 30-day mortality and morbidity rates were 0% and 48%, respectively. Hepatic failure was not encountered. Histopathologic examination revealed no positive ductal margins in all 40 patients, but 2 showed positive separation margins from the right hepatic artery. The overall 3-year survival rate and median survival time were 40% and 27 months. Survival of patients with Bismuth type III or IV tumors or of patients who underwent right hepatectomy was significantly better. Survival of patients who underwent concomitant vascular resection was similar to survival of those who did not. Univariate analysis indicated the type of hepatectomy, histopathologic grade, Bismuth classification, concomitant hepatic artery resection, and International Union Against Cancer stage as significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: No postoperative mortality and no positive ductal margins were achieved according to the above guidelines in a high-volume expert center. Long-term results, however, have not been significantly improved. A survival analysis of the patient series with homogeneous conditions derived from a short study period suggests the need for additional strategies including right hepatectomy for Bismuth type I or II tumors.     

The longest survivor and first potential cure of an advanced cholangiocarcinoma by ex vivo resection and autotransplantation: a case report and review of the literature

Bismuth type IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma (CC) carries a poor prognosis; however, ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (Atx) is theoretically a treatment option. There are only five previously reported cases of this procedure for hilar CC in the English literature, and most of them died early in the postoperative period. The only reported survivor died of tumor recurrence at 13 months. We are reporting a patient who has survived for 17 months without any sign of tumor recurrence. This probably represents the world's first cure for CC using this technique. This patient is a 26-year-old woman with a Bismuth Type IV CC. Portal vein involvement at the confluence was shown on angiogram, and in situ resection was deemed impossible. Ex vivo resection of segments five, six, seven, eight, and part of segment four was performed followed by a partial liver Atx. The pathology specimen demonstrated CC with clear margins. MRI and CT examinations done over the subsequent 17 months showed no evidence of recurrence. In conclusion ex vivo liver resection and Atx can be a viable option for cure among highly selected patients with CC.     

III|IV 型肝门部胆管癌的手术治疗

目的:探讨Ⅲ,Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌的手术治疗方式和效果.方法:回顾性分析2010年4月-2013年2月期间采取手术治疗的16例Ⅲ,Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌患者的临床资料.结果:16例中行手术切除13例,切除率为81.3％ (13/16).其中行根治性切除术(R0切除)7例,非根治性切除术6例;行左半肝+尾叶切除+右肝管成形、肝管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术3例,行右半肝切除+尾叶切除+左肝管成形、肝管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术3例,行肝方叶切除及围肝门切除+胆管开口肝门区-空肠盆式吻合术7例;其中2例因总胆红素＞400 μmm.l/L而先行经皮肝穿刺胆管引流(PTCD)后再手术.3例患者无法完成手术切除,其中2例肿瘤侵犯门静脉左右支,1例术中发现肝脏多发转移瘤,3例均行肝内扩张胆管的术中置管引流术.所有患者的术后血清总胆红素水平均明显降低或恢复至正常,术后引流有效率为100％.1例围手术期死亡.结论:对于Ⅲ,Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌,应力争切除肿瘤,解除胆管梗阻.对肝门区胆管解剖的熟知、娴熟的手术技巧和胆大心细的操作,有望提高手术切除率.     

肝部分切除联合肝十二指肠韧带骨骼化治疗肝门部胆管癌

目的 总结应用肝部分切除联合肝十二指肠骨骼化治疗肝门部胆管癌的临床经验。方法回顾1999年1月～2001年12月手术治疗67例肝门胆管癌的临床资料。结果67例患者中65例手术切除,49例根治性切除(22例肝十二指肠韧带骨骼化切除,27例联合部分肝切除)。根据Bismuth分型,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型行骨骼化切除,Ⅲa型行右半肝加右尾叶切除,Ⅲb型行左半肝加左尾叶切除,Ⅳ型中行右半肝加全尾叶3例切除,左半肝加全尾叶9例切除,方叶切除者2例。2例外院曾行部分肿瘤切除加肝门胆管空肠吻合术者,我们再次行左半肝加全尾叶切除加右肝管空肠吻合术根治肿瘤。8例患者行肿瘤部分切除加肝内胆管支撑加肝门胆管空肠吻合。13例患者行门静脉部分切除,27例患者切除肝动脉。24例患者术后无并发症发生,加例发生了严重并发症。后者中14例经治疗后康复,余6例患者术后7、12、14、42、57、89d死于肝功能衰竭、心源性休克、腹内大出血、消化道大出血。术后30d病死率4、5％,根治性手术后患者中位生存期16个月(1个月～41个月),姑息治疗者为7个月(1个月～16个月)。结论 肝部分切除联合肝十二指肠韧带骨骼化可用以根治肝门部胆管癌,尾叶切除可提高根治性切除率。     

Management strategies in resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Between 1960 and 1990, resection was performed in 23 of 122 patients who underwent surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Local excision of the lesion alone was performed in 10 cases (43%). Hepatic resection for tumor extending to the secondary bile ducts or hepatic parenchyma was performed in 13 cases (57%): extended right hepatectomy (3), right hepatectomy (1), extended left hepatectomy (6), left hepatectomy (2), and left lobectectomy (1). In three other cases, resection by total hepatectomy and liver transplantation was performed, but these were not included in the analysis of results for resection. Significant operative complications occurred in only two cases (8.7%), and the operative mortality rate was zero. In four cases, complete excision of the tumor could not be achieved macroscopically (macroscopic curative resection rate 19/122; 15.6%). In nine cases, the margins of the resected specimens were free from tumor on histologic examination (microscopic curative resection rate, 9/122; 7.4%). In 10 cases, the resection margins were found to contain tumor on histologic examination. The overall survival rate was 87% at 1 year, 63% at 2 years, and 25% at 3 years (median survival, 24 months). The survival and freedom from recurrence rates for patients with free resection margins was superior to that for patients with involved resection margins or residual macroscopic disease. A potentially curative resection, with histologically negative margins and no recurrence to date, was achieved in seven patients using the following procedures: local excision for two type I lesions; left hepatectomy plus excision of segment 1 for two type IIIb lesions and one type IV lesion; right hepatectomy and right hepatectomy plus excision of segment 1 for two type IIIa lesions. These results indicate that improved survival in hilar cholangiocarcinoma can be achieved by resection, with minimal morbidity and zero mortality rates, if histologically free resection margins are obtained. To achieve this, we recommend the following procedures for each type of lesion, based on our experience and on anatomic considerations: local excision for type I; local excision plus resection of segment 1 for type II; local excision, resection of segment 1, and right or left hepatectomy for types IIIa and b; hepatectomy plus liver transplantation for type IV.     

Surgical treatment of cholangiocellular carcinoma and proximal bile duct tumors

According to its different location, clinical features, treatment modalities and prognosis, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma should be well differentiated from proximal bile duct carcinoma. There is no therapeutic measure with curative potential apart from surgical treatment. Partial or extended hepatectomy is the treatment of choice in cholangiocarcinoma. Thereby, hilar resection in combination with hepatectomy is increasingly performed in proximal bile duct carcinomas. In most centers liver transplantation is not considered as a therapeutic option for irresectable cholangiocarcinomas.     

肝切除、肝门-空肠吻合治疗Bismuth Ⅳ肝门部胆管癌

目的 探讨肝切除、肝门-空肠吻合治疗Bismuth Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌.方法 9例Bismuth Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌均行肝切除(Ⅳb段、Ⅴ段及尾状叶部分肝组织切除),胆道的重建采用肝门-空肠吻合,所有胆管分支均不结扎,均汇人肝门胆汁湖.结果 9例患者均行肝切除、达到Rο根治性切除、肝门-空肠吻合.围手术期无死亡,术后四周血清AST、ALT、TB明显下降.术后出现胆漏1例、胆道少量出血1例、伤口感染1例,4例均经保守治疗后顺利出院.Karnofsky评分平均为86分.平均随访24.9(9～42)个月,1例于术后9个月死于肿瘤肝内转移,1例于术后17个月死于肿瘤腹腔广泛转移,其余7例目前健康生存,术后已平均生存28.3个月.结论 肝切除、肝门-空肠吻合可提高肝门部胆管癌手术根治切除率、利于胆道通畅引流,延长患者生存时间.     

腹腔镜左肝优先原位模块化右半肝加尾状叶切除术治疗Ⅲa型肝门部胆管癌初步体会

目的总结腹腔镜左肝优先原位模块化右半肝加尾状叶切除术治疗Ⅲa型肝门部胆管癌的经验。 方法回顾性分析2020年6月在河北医科大学第二医院肝胆胰腺外科进行腹腔镜左肝优先原位模块化右半肝加尾状叶切除术患者的临床资料。 结果患者顺利完成手术，手术时间390 min，术中出血量约600 ml，术中输注红细胞0.5 U、血浆600 ml。术后无出血、胆瘘、胃肠瘘、胆管狭窄等并发症，顺利出院。术后病理报告显示Bismuth Ⅲa型肝门部胆管癌。 结论腹腔镜左肝优先原位模块化右半肝加尾状叶切除术对于Bismuth Ⅲa型肝门部胆管癌是安全、可行的。优势：符合"no-touch"和"en-block"肿瘤外科基本原则，减少术中操作牵拉、挤压肿瘤；处理第三肝门和第二肝门时，助手向左侧牵拉左半肝可以有效增加手术操作空间，方便术者"考古式"显露、处理肝短静脉和右肝静脉。     

腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治术的临床疗效

目的:探讨腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治术的临床疗效。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2017年1月至2019年7月河南省人民医院收治的25例肝门部胆管癌患者的临床病理资料;男16例,女9例;中位年龄为64岁,年龄范围为51~75岁。25例患者均行腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治术。观察指标:(1)手术情况。(2)术后情况。(3)随访情况。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访,了解患者肿瘤局部复发情况和远处转移情况。随访时间截至2019年12月。正态分布的计量资料以±s表示,偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数表示。结果:(1)手术情况:25例患者中,15例BismuthⅠ型患者行腹腔镜肝门部胆管切除+区域淋巴结清扫+胆肠吻合术。2例BismuthⅡ型患者行腹腔镜肝门部胆管切除+围肝门切除+区域淋巴结清扫+胆肠吻合术。2例BismuthⅢa型患者行腹腔镜肝门部胆管切除+区域淋巴结清扫+右半肝切除+肝尾状叶切除+胆肠吻合术。3例BismuthⅢb型患者行腹腔镜肝门部胆管切除+区域淋巴结清扫+左半肝切除+肝尾状叶切除+胆肠吻合术。3例BismuthⅣ型患者行腹腔镜肝门部胆管切除+区域淋巴结清扫+肝尾状叶切除+胆肠吻合术。25例患者手术时间为(388±118)min,术中出血量为200 mL(50~2000 mL),术中输血6例。25例患者中,2例BismuthⅢa型患者手术时间,术中出血量分别为375 min、465 min,200 mL、1000 mL,术中输血1例;3例BismuthⅢb型患者手术时间,术中出血量分别为410 min、465 min、501 min,300 mL、400 mL、450 mL,均未予输血;3例BismuthⅣ型患者手术时间,术中出血量分别为415 min、560 min、600 min,300 mL、600 mL、800 mL,术中输血1例。(2)术后情况:25例患者中,术后发生Ⅰ级并发症4例,其中2例胆瘘(BismuthⅠ型1例,BismuthⅢa型1例),1例肺部感染(BismuthⅣ型)和1例术后肝功能不全(BismuthⅢa型),经保守治疗均好转。25例患者术后病理学检查结果:胆管腺癌23例,高级上皮瘤变2例;神经侵犯8例,淋巴结转移3例,无脉管癌栓患者。25例患者住院时间为24 d(10~45 d),住院费用为9.4万元(5.3~18.7万元)。2例BismuthⅢa型患者住院时间,住院费用分别为36 d、45 d,15.1万元、18.7万元;3例BismuthⅢb型患者住院时间,住院费用分别为15 d、26 d、33 d,7.3万元、11.5万元、15.9万元;3例BismuthⅣ型患者住院时间,住院费用分别为24 d、39 d、41 d,12.1万元、15.2万元、16.7万元。(3)随访情况:25例患者均获得随访,随访时间为2~36个月,中位随访时间为16个月。25例患者中,18例无复发转移。2例BismuthⅣ型患者出现腹腔广泛转移,1例BismuthⅢa型患者出现Trocar孔转移。4例患者死亡。结论:腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治术安全、可行,应严格把握手术适应证,根据Bismuth分型施行适宜手术。