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1.
研究了三种不同长度碳链取代的半菁类染料2-[4-(N,N-二羧乙基)氨基]苯乙烯基-1,3,3-三甲基苯并吲哚鎓碘(BIDC1)、2-[4-(N,N-二羧乙基)氨基]苯乙烯基-1-丁基-3,3-二甲基苯并吲哚鎓碘(BIDC2)和2-[4-(N,N-二羧乙基)氨基]苯乙烯基-1-辛基-3,3-二甲基苯并吲哚鎓碘(BIDC3)敏化太阳能电池的光电化学性能。其中BIDC1的敏化效果最好,在100mW/cm2氙灯光源下,开路电压、短路电流、填充因子和转换效率分别是430mV、1.31mA/cm2、0.52、0.29%。研究表明,随着半菁染料碳链取代基的增长,光电转换效率逐渐降低。 相似文献
2.
《化学通报》2005,68(1):78-80
[w0 0 1 ]染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池中电解质的研究进展ProgressoftheElectrolyteinDye_sensitizedSolarCells史成武1,2 戴松元1 王孔嘉1 潘旭1 郭力1(1中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 合肥 2 3 0 0 3 1 ; 2 合肥工业大学 合肥 2 3 0 0 0 9) 对染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池中的电解质研究进行了综述。根据电解质的类型将太阳电池分为液体电解质电池、溶胶_凝胶 (准固态 )电解质电池和固态电解质电池。阐述了电解质中各组成成分的作用 ,对比了这三种太阳电池的性能参数 ,并分析了这三种太阳电池的优缺点。 Dye_sensitizeds… 相似文献
3.
共吸附剂修饰纳晶TiO2薄膜电极是目前染料敏化太阳电池研究的一个热点. 本文通过平带电势和电化学阻抗研究了二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸和鹅脱氧胆酸两种共吸附剂修饰对TiO2薄膜电极的平带电势和电极表面钝化能力的影响及其在染料敏化太阳电池中的应用. 结果表明, 二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸能更有效地钝化TiO2薄膜表面, 并使TiO2薄膜平带电势负移. 电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明, 在染料敏化太阳电池中, 相对于鹅脱氧胆酸, 二(3,3-二甲基丁基)次膦酸能更显著地提高器件的电子寿命和开路电压. 相似文献
4.
应用光电化学方法研究了两种菁类染料Cy3和Cy5复合敏化TiO2纳米晶电极的光电化学行为. 结合两种染料的紫外-可见光谱和循环伏安曲线, 确定了Cy3和Cy5的电子基态和激发态能级位置. 结果表明两种染料的激发态能级位置能与TiO2纳米粒子导带边位置相匹配, 复合敏化可以显著提高TiO2纳米晶的光电流, 使TiO2纳米晶电极吸收波长由紫外光区红移至可见光区和近红外区. 复合敏化降低了染料Cy3在电极吸附时的聚集程度, 使其单色光的转换效率(IPCE)提高了169%, 复合敏化电极总的光电转换效率η为2.09%, 分别是Cy3和Cy5单独敏化时光电转换效率的2.069和1.229倍. 相似文献
5.
应用光电化学方法研究了两种菁类染料Cy3和Cy5复合敏化TiO2纳米晶电极的光电化学行为.结合两种染料的紫外-可见光谱和循环伏安曲线,确定了Cy3和Cy5的电子基态和激发态能级位置.结果表明两种染料的激发态能级位置能与TiO2纳米粒子导带边位置相匹配,复合敏化可以显著提高TiO2纳米晶的光电流,使TiO2纳米晶电极吸收波长由紫外光区红移至可见光区和近红外区.复合敏化降低了染料Cy3 在电极吸附时的聚集程度,使其单色光的转换效率(IPCE)提高了169%,复合敏化电极总的光电转换效率η为2.09%,分别是Cy3和Cy5单独敏化时光电转换效率的2.069 和1.229倍. 相似文献
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以磺酸基苯肼和7-甲基-8-氧代壬酸为原料合成了2,3-二甲基-3-羧戊基-3H-吲哚-5-磺酸;以2,3,3-三甲基-3H-吲哚-5-磺酸和1,3-丙磺酸内酯为原料合成了1-磺酸丙基-2,3,3-三甲基-3H-吲哚-5-磺酸;然后通过半菁合成法合成了一种新型水溶性不对称五甲川吲哚菁染料(Cy5)。产物经C18反相硅胶柱分离,收率57%,其结构经1H NMR、HRMS进行确证。并检测了目标化合物的光谱性质,初步探讨了其在生物标记方面的应用。染料具有良好的水溶性和光稳定性,水溶液的最大紫外吸收波长和最大荧光发射波长分别为646和666 nm,荧光量子产率为0.2,用n(活化菁染料)∶n(牛血清蛋白)=2∶1标记蛋白,D/P值为1.56。 相似文献
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采用同一系列但分子长径比不同的3种染料:2-氰基-3-[2-[4-{2-[4-N,N-二(4-甲基苯基)氨基苯基]乙烯基}-苯基氨基)-嘧啶-5-取代基]-丙烯酸(MTPA-Pyc)、2-氰基-3-(4-{2-[4-N,N-二(4-甲基苯基)氨基苯基]乙烯基}-苯基)-丙烯酸(MTPAcc)和2-氰基-3-[4-N,N-二(4-甲基苯基)氨基苯基]-丙烯酸(MTPAc),研究了在不同吸附溶剂中3种染料分子在Ti O2上的吸附量和聚集态,探讨了敏化染料分子长径比对染料敏化太阳电池性能的影响.结果表明,MTPAcc具有最合适的分子长径比,其在Ti O2表面的吸附量及应用的光电性能最高;吸附溶剂的极性增大有利于提高染料的吸附量,但也会影响染料分子的聚集态.当以四氢呋喃为吸附溶剂时,MTPAcc在Ti O2表面的吸附量大且不发生聚集,对应的敏化太阳能电池器件在所有结果中表现最好,在490 nm处的单色光光电转化效率(IPCE)极值达到84%,总光电转化效率(η)达到5.72%. 相似文献
11.
G. N. Nugumanova T. A. Barsukova S. V. Bukharov D. B. Krivolapov I. A. Litvinov V. V. Syakaev N. A. Mukmeneva A. R. Burilov 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2010,80(7):1341-1344
3-[2-(3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylsulfanyl)acetoxy]2,2-bis[2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylsulfanyl) acetoxymethyl]propyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylsulfanylacetate was synthesized. Its structure was determined by means of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray-diffraction analysis. This compound was found to possess high antioxidant activity in the conditions
of auto-oxidation of low-pressure polyethylene. 相似文献
12.
Facchetti A Beverina L van der Boom ME Dutta P Evmenenko G Shukla AD Stern CE Pagani GA Marks TJ 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(6):2142-2153
The new dibranched, heterocyclic "push-pull" chromophores bis{1-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}methane (1), 1-(pyrid-4-yl)-2-(N-methyl-5-formylpyrrol-2-yl)ethylene (2), {1-(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}{(1-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}methane (3), N-methyl-2-[1-(N-methylpyrid-4-yl)ethen-2-yl]-5-[pyrid-4-yl]ethen-2-yl]pyrrole iodide (4), bis{1-(N-methyl-4-pyridinio)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}methane iodide (5), and N-methyl-2,5-[1-(N-methylpyrid-4-yl)ethen-2-yl]pyrrole iodide (6) have been synthesized and characterized. The neutral (1 and 2) and monomethyl salts (3 and 4) undergo chemisorptive reaction with iodobenzyl-functionalized surfaces to afford chromophore monolayers SA-1/SA-2 and SA-3/SA-4, respectively. Molecular structures and other physicochemical properties have been defined by (1)H NMR, optical spectroscopy, and XRD. Thin-film characterization by a variety of techniques (optical spectroscopy, specular X-ray reflectivity, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and angle-dependent polarized second harmonic generation) underscore the importance of the chromophore molecular architecture as well as film growth method on film microstructure and optical/electrooptic response. 相似文献
13.
Singlet-oxygen quenching constants were measured for 19 cyanine dyes in acetonitrile. The most efficient quenchers were 1-butyl-2-[2-[3-[(1-butyl-6-chlorobenz-[cd]indol-2(1H)- ylidene)ethylidene]-2-chloro-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]ethenyl]-6-chlorobenz[cd] indolium and 6-chloro-2-[2-[3-(6-chloro-1-ethylbenz[cd]indol-2(1H)-ylidene) ethylidene]-2-phenyl-1-cyclopenten-1-yl]ethenyl]-1-ethyl-benz[cd]indolium, having quenching constants with diffusion-controlled values of 2.0 +/- 0.1 x 10(10) and 1.5 +/- 0.1 x 10(10) M-1 s-1, respectively. There was a trend toward increased quenching constants for cyanine dyes with the absorption band maxima at longer wavelengths. However, the quenching constants correlated better with the oxidation potentials of the cyanine dyes, suggesting that quenching proceeds by charge transfer rather than energy transfer. The quenching constants for 1,1',3,3,3',3'-hexamethylindotricarbocyanine perchlorate and 1,1'-diethyl-4,4'-carbocyanine iodide were measured in several solvents as well as in aqueous solutions of detergent micelles. In different solvents, the quenching constants varied by as much as a factor of 50. The quenching constants were largest in solvents with the highest values on the pi* scale of Kamlet, Abboud, Abraham and Taft. This was consistent with quenching occurring by charge transfer. Within cells, cyanine dyes concentrate in membrane-bound organelles. The quenching constants were substantial within detergent micelles. To the extent that micelles are models for biological membranes, cyanine dyes may be effective biological singlet-oxygen quenchers. 相似文献
14.
Robert M. Metzger 《Macromolecular Symposia》2004,212(1):63-72
Rectification, i.e. asymmetrical electrical conduction by a Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer of dicyano{4-[1-cyano-2-(1-hexadecylquinolin-1-ium-4-yl)vinyl]phenyl} methanide ( 1 ), occurs between both Al and Au electrodes: this rectification arises from the asymmetry of the molecule, and the interplay between the zwitterionic ground state D+-π-A− and the less dissociated first electronic excited state D0-π-A0. Two more monolayer rectifiers have been found: 1-butyl-2,6-bis{2-[4-(dibutylamino)phenyl] vinyl}pyridin-1-ium iodide ( 2 ) is an interionic rectifier with back charge transfer between the iodide ion and the pyridinium ring. 1a-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1aH-1a-aza-1(2)a-homo(C60-Ih)[5,6]fullerene ( 3 ) is a moderate rectifier, with a rectification ratio of 2. 相似文献
15.
Aggregation behavior of aqueous solutions of ionic liquids 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Bowers J Butts CP Martin PJ Vergara-Gutierrez MC Heenan RK 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2004,20(6):2191-2198
The aggregation behavior in aqueous solutions of three ionic liquids based on the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation has been investigated by means of surface tension, conductivity, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements. From analysis of the SANS data, models for the shapes and sizes of aggregates have been proposed: the short-chain 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [C4mim] [BF4] system can be best modeled by treating it as a dispersion of polydisperse spherical aggregates that form above a critical aggregation concentration, whereas the 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, [C8mim] [I], solutions can be modeled as a system of regularly sized near-spherical charged micelles that form above a critical micelle concentration. Solutions of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C8mim]-[Cl], display weak long-range ordering of possibly disklike particles culminating in the formation of structures with distinct long-range order at higher concentrations. 相似文献
16.
Steven J. P’Pool 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2005,690(15):3522-3528
Oxidative addition of methyl iodide to Vaska’s complex in the ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate [C4mim][OTf], [C4mim] bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imide [Tf2N], and N-hexylpyridinium [C6pyr][Tf2N] occurred cleanly to give the expected Ir(III) oxidative addition product. Pseudo-first order rate constants were determined for the oxidative addition reaction in each solvent ([Vaska’s] = 0.25 mM, [CH3I] = 37.5 mM). The observed rate constants under these conditions were 5-10 times slower than the rate seen in DMF. At high methyl iodide concentrations (>23 mM), the expected first order dependence on methyl iodide was not observed. In each ionic liquid, there was no change in the reaction rates within experimental error over the methyl iodide concentration range of 23-75 mM. At lower methyl iodide concentration, a decrease in rate was observed in [C4mim][Tf2N] with decreasing concentration of methyl iodide. 相似文献
17.
在碘化亚铜、四丁基溴化铵和磷酸钾存在下,9,9-二(4-羟基苯基)呫吨(1)和4-甲基碘苯(2)于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中发生Ullmann偶联反应,加热回流反应24 h,以95%的产率合成了中间体--9,9-二[4-(4-甲基苯氧基)苯基]呫吨(3),继而加入催化量的N-溴代丁二酰亚胺并在光照条件下,将中间体3氧化得到一种新型芳香族二羧酸--9,9-二[4-(4-羧基苯氧基)苯基]呫吨(4),其产率为84%,二步反应总收率为79.8%。 目标化合物4经1H NMR、13C NMR、IR和元素分析测试技术确定了其结构。 该法具有原料易得,操作简单,反应条件温和,收率高等优点。 相似文献
18.
Synthesis of Optically Active Porphine-type Nickel Complexes Both enantiomers of [1-methyl-8 H-HDP]nickel-perchlorate 1 For nomenclature see footnote 5 in this paper. ( 2a and 2b , respectively) have been synthesized by the following reaction sequence: (a) base induced addition of (?)-( R )-2-octanol to 1 , (b) separation of the two diastereomeric monoadducts 4a and 4b , (c) reaction with methyl magnesium iodide containing an excess of methyl iodide, (d) acid induced elimination of 2-octanol from the diadducts 6a and 6b . By a similar procedure both enantiomers of [1-butyl-8 H-HDP] nickel-perchlorate ( 3a and 3b , respectively) have been prepared. The reaction of 3a with butyl lithium yields in a kinetically controlled addition predominantly the optically active cis -1, 11-dibutyl adduct 8 and in minor quantity the meso - cis -1, 11-dibutyl adduct 9 . 相似文献
19.
Jeon Y Sung J Seo C Lim H Cheong H Kang M Moon B Ouchi Y Kim D 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2008,112(15):4735-4740
We investigated the structures of ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide [BMIM][I] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4]) and their aqueous mixtures using attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared absorption and Raman spectroscopy. The ATR spectrum in the CHx (x = 1, 2, 3) vibration region from 2800 to 3200 cm-1 was very different between [BMIM][BF4] and [BMIM][I] even though all the spectral features in this region were from the butyl chain and the imidazolium ring of the same cation. The spectrum did not change appreciably irrespective of the water concentration for [BMIM][BF4], whereas the spectrum from [BMIM][I] showed significant changes as the water concentration was increased, especially in CH-vibration modes from the imidazolium ring. For very diluted solutions both aqueous mixtures of [BMIM][I] and [BMIM][BF4] showed very similar spectra. Mixing of [BMIM][I] with heavy water (D2O) facilitated the isotopic exchange of the proton attached to the most acidic carbon of the imidazolium ring into deuterium from D2O, whereas even prolonged exposure to D2O did not induce any isotopic exchange for [BMIM][BF4]. Raman spectra around 600 cm(-1) indicative of the butyl chain conformation also changed differently as the water concentration was increased between [BMIM][I] and [BMIM][BF4]. These differences are considered to come from the variation in the position of the anion, where I- is expected to be closer to the C(2) hydrogen of the imidazolium cation and interacting more specifically as compared to BF(4-). 相似文献
20.
以1-丁基苯并咪唑为起始原料,合成了1-丁基-3-(4-磺酸基丁基)苯并咪唑內盐(1),1-丁基-3-羧甲基苯并咪唑氯盐(2)和1,3-二丁基苯并咪唑溴盐(3);1~3分别与硅钨酸、磷钨酸和磷钼酸在水或者乙醇中反应,合成了5种新型的杂多酸盐离子液体——1-丁基-3-(4-磺酸基丁基)苯并咪唑硅钨酸盐(4a),1-丁基-3-(4-磺酸基丁基)苯并咪唑磷钨酸盐(4b),1-丁基-3-(4-磺酸基丁基)苯并咪唑磷钼酸盐(4c),1-丁基-3-羧甲基苯并咪唑硅钨酸盐(5)和1,3-二丁基苯并咪唑硅钨酸盐(6),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和IR表征。并考察了4~6在30%H_2O_2催化氧化环己烯制备己二酸反应中的催化效果。实验结果表明:4b的催化效果最好。在最佳反应条件[环己烯20 mmol,4b 0.16 mmol,n(环己烯)∶n(H2O2)∶n(ILs)=1∶4.4∶0.008]下,己二酸产率71%。 相似文献