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Janus粒子是指表面具有两种或两种以上不同化学组成或性质的不对称粒子,目前Janus粒子的制备方法仍在发展中,同时也逐渐形成了Janus粒子在生物医药、催化、材料以及防污等领域功能化应用的研究重点。本文从Janus粒子制备和应用两个方面方法来介绍Janus粒子的研究进展。制备方法主要包括表面选择性修饰法、晶种生长法、微流控法、嵌段共聚物自组装法和电化学沉积法等。应用方面则着重介绍了Janus粒子在生物医药、界面催化、表面活性剂、复合材料、微米马达和防污等方面的功能化应用,并对Janus粒子未来的发展趋势做了展望。 相似文献
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Janus粒子由于其表面性质与形状特征的不对称性而展现出独特的力学、光学、电学、磁学和表面两亲性能,在构筑复杂组装结构及设计新型功能材料方面有着广阔的应用前景.本文主要从计算机模拟与理论分析的角度,结合相关实验体系,系统地总结了目前对含Janus粒子组装体的体系构筑、结构调控及材料功能等的相关研究进展.从Janus粒子自组装结构的精确构筑与动态响应性、界面结构的熵驱调控、非平衡组装动力学及含Janus粒子组装体功能的模拟与预报等4个方面,详细阐述了Janus粒子的复杂多级组装结构及其背后蕴含的热力学与动力学的机理,并介绍了一系列基于含Janus粒子组装体的聚合物基复合材料独特的功能及其潜在应用.在此基础上,指出合理设计Janus粒子的非对称性质以及巧妙调控组装体内的熵、焓平衡,是控制其多级组装结构,进而开发相应新型功能材料的关键,并对Janus粒子未来的理论和模拟研究趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
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采用具有两亲性的两面体(Janus)粒子实现稳定的粒子界面组装与水滴模板法自组装过程相结合的方法获得了粒子在蜂窝状多孔聚合物薄膜内壁的高效定向修饰.通过与均质粒子组装形貌的对比,证明了Janus粒子因其特殊的界面自组装活性,可以获得高粒子加量条件下的规则多孔结构,解决了使用均质粒子时存在的结构有序性和粒子修饰密度之间的矛盾.而在较低粒子加量的条件下,Janus粒子也展示出与均质粒子极为不同的组装形貌.这一方法的建立,为新型表面功能化材料的制备提供了一个新的思路. 相似文献
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《化学进展》2017,(1)
聚合物Janus微粒是指具有各向异性微观结构的微/纳米聚合物粒子。因在乳液稳定、聚合物混合、可控组装、生物医药、多相催化和功能涂层等领域有重要的应用价值,聚合物Janus微粒材料的可控制备和应用研究已成为新型多功能和智能高分子材料研究的前沿领域。本文首先归纳了聚合物Janus微粒在制备方法、环境响应类型和应用领域的最新进展,进而分析了不同制备方法的优缺点。表面选择性修饰、微流体合成技术、自组装和种子聚合等方法都可用于制备具有可控尺寸、微观结构和表面性质的聚合物Janus微粒,但纳米级微粒微观结构的精确控制和大量合成还存在一定的挑战。环境响应性多组分聚合物Janus微粒在自组装和药物控释方面有其特殊的优势,而简单高效的种子聚合法有望应用于工业生产聚合物Janus固体表面活性剂。预计天然和多功能型聚合物Janus微粒的制备和应用研究将会是未来发展的趋势。 相似文献
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通过耗散粒子动力学方法,模拟了二元配体链包覆的纳米粒子表面的相分离行为,并与现有的模拟和实验体系进行对比.研究结果印证了相分离驱动力是配体链错位所导致的构象熵的结论.进一步以相分离得到的Janus和三嵌段Janus结构纳米粒子作为构筑单元,研究了其在选择性溶剂中的自组装行为.结果表明,Janus粒子易自组装成为双层囊泡结构,而三嵌段Janus粒子则更易形成单层囊泡结构.对于从配体链包覆的纳米粒子出发,设计具有特殊功能的囊泡提供了理论支持. 相似文献
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Anisotropic particles, such as patchy, multicompartment and Janus particles, have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their novel morphologies and diverse potential applications. The non-centrosymmetric features of these particles make them a unique class of nano- or micro-colloidal materials. Patchy particles usually have different compositional patches in the corona, whereas multicompartment particles have a multi-phasic anisotropic architecture in the core domain. In contrast, Janus particles, named after the double-faced Roman god, have a strictly biphasic geometry of distinct compositions and properties in the core and/or corona. The term Janus particles, multicompartment particles and patchy particles frequently appears in the literature, however, they are sometimes misused due to their structural similarity. Therefore, in this critical review we classify the key features of these different anisotropic colloidal particles and compare structural properties as well as discuss their preparation and application. This review brings together and highlights the significant advances in the last 2 to 3 years in the fabrication and application of these novel patchy, multicompartment and Janus particles (98 references). 相似文献
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Niu Z He J Russell TP Wang Q 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2010,49(52):10052-10066
The generation of novel multifunctional materials with hierarchical ordering is a major focus of current materials science and engineering. For such endeavors, fluid interfaces, such as air-liquid and liquid-liquid interfaces, offer ideal platforms where nanoparticles or colloidal particles can accumulate and self-assemble. Different assembly processes and reactions have been performed at fluid interfaces to generate hierarchical structures, including two-dimensional crystalline films, colloidosomes, raspberry-like core-shell structures, and Janus particles, which lead to broad applications in drug delivery and controlled release, nanoelectronics, sensors, food supplements, and cosmetics. 相似文献
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Although the concept of Janus particles was raised in the early 1990s, the related research has not attracted considerable interest until recently due to the special properties and applications of these colloidal particles as well as the advances in new fabrications. Janus particles can be divided into three categories: polymeric, inorganic, and polymeric-inorganic, and each kind of Janus particles can be spherical, dumbbell-like, half raspberry-like, cylindrical, disk-like, or any of a variety of other shapes. Different Janus particles may share common preparation principles or require specific fabrication processes, and may have different assembly behaviours and properties. This critical review discusses the main fabrication methods of the three kinds of Janus particles, and then highlights the important properties and applications of these Janus particles developed in recent years, and finally proposes some perspectives on the future of Janus particle research and development. 相似文献
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Ho CC Chen WS Shie TY Lin JN Kuo C 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2008,24(11):5663-5666
A novel synthetic approach for the efficient fabrication of Janus silica particles was demonstrated by embedment of zero-dimensional colloids on one-dimensional polymer fiber surfaces, followed by the surface modification on the exposed silica hemispheres. Electrospinning of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(4-vinyl pyridine) blends produced polymer fibers with high specific surface area and desired surface hydrophilicities. Fiber compositions determined the colloid adsorption density and uniformity. The colloid embedding resulted from the polymer softening was manipulated by the isothermal heat treatment. Subsequent silianization completed the amino functionalities on hemispherical surfaces of embedded silica colloids. Janus particles with uniform asymmetric chemical features were further labeled with gold nanoparticles before their recovery from fiber substrates. Fabrication of Janus particles, including colloid adsorption, temperature-driven embedding, and hemispherical surface modification, were investigated and are discussed. 相似文献
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Janus and ternary particles generated by microfluidic synthesis: design, synthesis, and self-assembly 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper reports a microfluidic method for fast continuous synthesis of Janus particles and three-phase particles with narrow size distribution. Synthesis of particles included emulsification of monomer liquids and in-situ photoinitiated polymerization of multiphase droplets. We show the strategy for precise control over the structure of Janus particles and their structure-dependent assembly in clusters. We demonstrate an asymmetric chemical modification of the surface of JPs by conjugating them with protein molecules. The Janus and ternary particles were synthesized from largely immiscible liquids and had a sharp interface between the constituent phases. 相似文献
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Microfluidic production of multicompartmental emulsion droplets and particles has received considerable attention of late. In particular, droplets having two physically and chemically distinct segments (so-called Janus droplets) and the anisotropic particles synthesized from these droplets, are becoming increasingly popular because of their novel and promising properties, which make them suitable for use in numerous applications, including for controlled drug release, display devices, and self-assembly. So far, a range of interesting anisotropies have been accorded to Janus droplets and particles via microfluidics; these span from chromatic, magnetic, and hydrophobic–hydrophilic characteristics to selective degradation properties. Here, we summarize and discuss the recent trends related to Janus droplets and particles produced through microfluidic processing. We also review the parallelization technologies being developed for scaling up microfluidic emulsification in the industry. 相似文献
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Amphiphilic Janus Gold Nanoparticles Prepared by Interface‐Directed Self‐Assembly: Synthesis and Self‐Assembly 下载免费PDF全文
Materials with Janus structures are attractive for wide applications in materials science. Although extensive efforts in the synthesis of Janus particles have been reported, the synthesis of sub‐10 nm Janus nanoparticles is still challenging. Herein, the synthesis of Janus gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) based on interface‐directed self‐assembly is reported. Polystyrene (PS) colloidal particles with AuNPs on the surface were prepared by interface‐directed self‐assembly, and the colloidal particles were used as templates for the synthesis of Janus AuNPs. To prepare colloidal particles, thiol‐terminated polystyrene (PS‐SH) was dissolved in toluene and citrate‐stabilized AuNPs were dispersed in aqueous solution. Upon mixing the two solutions, PS‐SH chains were grafted to the surface of AuNPs and amphiphilic AuNPs were formed at the liquid–liquid interface. PS colloidal particles decorated with AuNPs on the surfaces were prepared by adding the emulsion to excess methanol. On the surface, AuNPs were partially embedded in the colloidal particles. The outer regions of the AuNPs were exposed to the solution and were functionalized through the grafting of atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator. Poly[2‐(dimethamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) on AuNPs were prepared by surface‐initiated ATRP. After centrifugation and dissolving the colloidal particles in tetrahydrofuran (THF), Janus AuNPs with PS and PDMAEMA on two hemispheres were obtained. In acidic pH, Janus AuNPs are amphiphilic and are able to emulsify oil droplets in water; in basic pH, the Janus AuNPs are hydrophobic. In mixtures of THF/methanol at a volume ratio of 1:5, the Janus AuNPs self‐assemble into bilayer structures with collapsed PS in the interiors and solvated PDMAEMA at the exteriors of the structures. 相似文献
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The evaporation driven self‐assembly of novel colloidal silica Janus particles was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy in comparison to unfunctionalized silica particles. The cyclodextrin‐ and azobenzene‐modified compound was obtained utilizing Pickering emulsion approach, in which the particles were immobilized on solidified wax droplets and subsequently functionalized. Silica particles were modified with 3‐aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and afterward reacted with tosyl‐β‐CD or phenylazo(benzoic acid), respectively. Mesoscopic structures of the colloidal dispersions, as dried films from aqueous solution, have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Interestingly, it has been observed that the Janus particles show a significantly different evaporation‐induced assembly than the unmodified particles. 相似文献
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颗粒乳化剂的研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来,颗粒乳化剂因其在食品、采油、化妆品、医药、催化以及功能纳米材料制备等领域具有潜在应用前景而备受关注。本文综述了近来颗粒乳化剂的研究进展,归纳了颗粒乳化剂的种类,包括:无机纳米粒子、表面改性或杂化的无机粒子、有机纳米粒子以及特殊的颗粒乳化剂Janus粒子;并对颗粒乳化剂能够在油水界面稳定吸附的热力学机理和动力学行为进行了阐述,颗粒乳化剂在油水界面接触角以及粒径大小是其在界面稳定吸附的关键参数,而颗粒在油水界面的排布方式则主要受粒子之间相互作用的影响。重点介绍了颗粒乳化剂的热点应用,包括:(1)利用颗粒乳化剂制备Pickering乳液,以及通过对颗粒乳化剂的功能化,使得Pickering乳液具备环境响应性(即pH、盐浓度、温度、紫外光、磁场敏感响应性);(2)以颗粒乳化剂为构筑基元、以Pickering乳液为模板制备Janus颗粒、Colloidosome、具有多级结构的粒子或膜,以及多孔结构材料;(3) Janus粒子在催化领域的应用。 相似文献